Association of antihypertensive drugs with fracture and bone mineral density: A comprehensive drug-target Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Observational studies have investigated the associations between antihypertensive drugs and fracture risk as well as bone mineral density (BMD), but yielding controversial results.

Methods: In this study, a comprehensive drug-target Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was conducted to systematically examine the associations between genetic proxies for eight common antihypertensive drugs and three bone health-related traits (fracture, total body BMD [TB-BMD], and estimated heel BMD [eBMD]). The main analysis used the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method to estimate the causal effect.

Improved hemocompatibility by modifying acellular blood vessels with bivalirudin and its biocompatibility evaluation.

The incidence rate of cardiovascular diseases is increasing year by year. The demand for coronary artery bypass grafting has been very large. Acellular blood vessels have potential clinical application because of their natural vascular basis, but their biocompatibility and anticoagulant energy need to be improved.