[Preparation of Iron-improved Blue Algae Biochar and Its Co-adsorption Mechanism for Phosphorus in Surface Water].

To alleviate the problems of eutrophication and blue algae accumulation in water, biochar was prepared from blue algae dehydrated using polymerized ferrous sulfate(PFS) to absorb phosphate in water, and the biochar was activated using steam to adjust the pore structure. The preparation conditions of blue algae biochar were optimized using the response surface method. The optimal results were as follows:the dosage of PFS was 458 mg·L, the carbonization temperature was 433℃, and the mass ratio of biochar precursor to steam was 1:11.

Bioconversion of cyanobacteria by black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens L.): Enhancement by antioxidants.

Cyanobacterial blooms have been a global environmental problem for decades. Bioconversion by black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) has been widely reported to be a clean and efficient method to remove organic pollutants. In this study, BSFL bioconversion was used to treat cyanobacterial blooms.

Degradation of diclofenac sodium using Fenton-like technology based on nano-calcium peroxide.

A nano-calcium peroxide (nCaO) powder with a purity of 89.1% was prepared using an improved traditional method. Then, the as-prepared nCaO was used as the source of hydrogen peroxide (HO) for the Fenton-like degradation of diclofenac sodium (DCF).

Characterization of algal organic matter as precursors for carbonaceous and nitrogenous disinfection byproducts formation: Comparison with natural organic matter.

Algal organic matter (AOM) and natural organic matter (NOM) from a typical eutrophic lake were comprehensively investigated in terms of their physico-chemical property, components and disinfection byproduct formation potentials (DBPFPs). The relationships between specific chemical properties of AOM and NOM with their corresponding DBPFPs were further evaluated during chlorination. Results indicated that AOM had lower specific UV absorbance (SUVA) but richer organic nitrogen contents than NOM.

[Restoration of River Sediment by Calcium Peroxide(CaO) Combined with Biochar].

The internal source pollution of sediment is the main factor leading to the repetition of black-odorous river channels. In order to prevent this situation, a river channel in the Binhu District of Wuxi City was used as an experimental site. In-situ CaO combined with a biochar covering technology was used to repair the black odorous river sediment in this channel.

[Effect of Ozonation on Microorganism in the Biological Activated Carbon and Disinfection By-Products in the Effluent].

This study was carried out in the ozone (O) and biological activated carbon (BAC) section of a drinking water plant to investigate the effects of O on microbial and effluent disinfection by-products (DBPs) in BAC during drinking water treatment. The water quality, dissolved organic matter (DOM) characteristics, microbial activity, and DBPs formation at different O concentrations were analyzed. Results showed that the effect of O on microorganisms is mainly that it increased the utilization efficiency of DOM.

[Transformation of Disinfection Byproduct Precursors During the Wastewater Regeneration Processes].

Disinfection byproduct(DBP) precursors during the wastewater regeneration processes were separated into hydrophilic fraction(HPI), hydrophobic fraction(HPO) and transphilic fraction(TPI) with macroporous resin. DBP precursors in these water samples were characterized with fluorescence excitation emission matrix, Fourier transformation infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance, and were further tested for their DBP formation potential(DBPFP) after chlorination. The results indicated that main DBP precursors in sewage were humic acid and aliphatic hydrocarbons, and were mainly dominated by HPI.

Insights into influencing factor, degradation mechanism and potential toxicity involved in aqueous ozonation of oxcarbazepine (CHEM46939R1).

Oxcarbazepine (OXC), as a potent antiepileptic drug, is widely used in recent years, but its residue is potentially harmful to the environment. Although ozonation is a high-efficient technology for chemical oxidation during water treatment, it cannot completely mineralize organic matters, but partially transforms them into some unidentified by-products. In order to provide more insight into OXC ozonation process, the influencing factor, transformation mechanism and potential toxicity were comprehensively investigated in this study.

[Treatment of Urban Runoff Pollutants by a Multilayer Biofiltration System].

In order to control the non-point source pollution from road runoff in Wuxi City effectively, a multilayer biofiltration system was designed to remove a variety of pollutants according to the characteristics of road runoff in Wuxi, and the experimental research was carried out to study the effect on rainwater pollution purification. The results show that the system has a good performance on removing suspended solids (SS), organic pollutant (COD), nitrogen and phosphorus: all types of multilayer biofiltration systems have a high removal rate for SS, which can reach 90%. The system with activated carbon (GAC) has higher removal rates for COD and phosphorus.

Degradation of phenazone in aqueous solution with ozone: influencing factors and degradation pathways.

Oxidation kinetics and degradation pathways of phenazone (an analgesic and antipyretic drug) upon reaction with O3 were investigated. Kinetic studies on degradation of phenazone were carried out under different operating conditions such as temperature, pH, anions and H2O2 addition. Results showed that the degradation followed the pseudo-first-order kinetic model.

Performance and dynamic characteristics of microbial communities in an internal circulation reactor for treating brewery wastewater.

A laboratory-scale internal circulation (IC) anaerobic reactor fed with brewery wastewater was operated at 35 degrees C + 1 degrees C. The influent was pumped into the bottom of the IC reactor by a pulse pump, whereas the effluent was drawn from the upper outlet and allowed to flow into the effluent tank. The biogas volume was recorded using a gas container connected to a biogas metre.

[Degradation of medroxyprogesterone in drinking water by ozone oxidation].

Kinetics on degradation efficiency of medroxyprogesterone (MPA) by ozonation was investigated in this paper. And the operating parameters such as MPA initial concentration, ozone dosage, pH and radicals scavenger (HCO3-) were further discussed. Results showed that MPA could be degraded effectively by ozonation, with a first-order kinetics in continuous ozone aeration system and a second-order kinetics in semibatch ozone aeration system, when the initial concentrations of MPA were 3, 5, 10 mg x L(-1).

[Urban non-point source pollution control by runoff retention and filtration pilot system].

A runoff retention and filtration pilot system was designed and the long-term purification effect of the runoff was monitored. Runoff pollution characters in 2 typical events and treatment effect of the pilot system were analyzed. The results showed that the runoff was severely polluted.

Enhancement of substrate solubilization and hydrogen production from kitchen wastes by pH pretreatment.

Pretreatment at different pHs was adopted in this study to enhance the substance solubilization and hydrogen production from kitchen wastes through anaerobic digestion. After a pretreatment set at pH = 13, solubilization of kitchen wastes improved substantially as the concentration of soluble carbohydrate, soluble protein, lipids and soluble chemical oxygen demand increased by 283.1%, 203.

[Degradation of microcystin-RR by ozonation process].

Degradation of algal toxin Microcystin-RR (MC-RR) by ozonation processes was investigated. The degradation rate of MC-RR reached 83.0% at ozone/MC-RR dosage of 6, and the degradation efficiency was decreased with increase of pH or NOM contents.

Detoxification and degradation of microcystin-LR and -RR by ozonation.

In the present study, two Microsystins (MCs) of Microcystin-LR and Microcystin-RR were degraded with different dosages of ozone (O(3)). The possible degradation pathways were elucidated by analyzing their intermediates and end-products with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method. The toxicity of the MCs ozonation products was also evaluated by assaying the protein phosphatase inhibition in vitro and acute toxicity in vivo.

[Degradation of microcystin-lR by ozonation process].

Degradation and byproducts of microcystin-LR (MC-LR) under different ozone dosages were investigated, and, the pathway and mechanism for the degradation of MC-LR were also elucidated according to the molecular weight of 8 degradation byproducts during ozonation process in this paper. The results showed that there were two pathways for the degradation of MC-LR by ozone. The first one is that the diene structure in Adda side chain was attacked and cleaved, which was named as Adda degradation pathway.

[Ozonation of odorous organic compounds in eutrophic water].

Ozonation was applied to investigate the removal efficiency of 6 odorous organic compounds in eutrophic water from Taihu Lake (Wuxi). The results showed that the ozonation process could be described by first order kinetic model and the overall kinetic rates of the odorous compounds were determined by their chemical characteristic and structure, which could be ranked: beta-Ionone (3.3 x 10(-3) s(-1)) > beta-Cyclocitral (2.