Hysterectomy, oophorectomy and risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Hysterectomy is associated with an increased risk for adverse health outcomes. However, its connection to the risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) remains unclear. The aims of our study were to investigate the associations between hysterectomy, oophorectomy and risk of NHL and its major subtypes (eg, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma [DLBCL]), and whether these associations were modified by exogenous hormone use.

SGLT2 Inhibitor Use and Risk of Breast Cancer Among Adult Women with Type 2 Diabetes.

Introduction: Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a relatively new class of antihyperglycemic agents, with the potential to inhibit breast cancer development. However, the association between SGLT2 inhibitors and risk of breast cancer in human studies is unclear.

Objective: The aim of our study is to use a large national claims database to assess the association between SGLT2 inhibitor use and risk of breast cancer.

Optimal objective measurement of physical function and its predictive capacity for mortality among community-dwelling older women.

Aim: Objective measurements of physcial function, including gait speed, handgrip strength, and the chair stand test, have been shown to have predictive capacity for negative health-related outcomes. The aim of this study was to examine campariatively which of these common assessments may be optimal in terms of their predictive capacity for mortality.

Methods: A total of 9834 community-dwelling older women aged 65-89 years from the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures (SOF) were followed for 20 years.

Birth weight, adult body size, and risk of colorectal cancer.

Background: Evidence suggests that birth weight may be associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) risk later in life. Whether the association is mediated by adult body size remains unexamined.

Method: Cox proportional hazards models (Hazard Ratio (HR) and 95 % Confidence Intervals (CI)) were used to evaluate the association between self-reported birth weight (<6 lbs, 6-<8 lbs, ≥8 lbs) and CRC risk among 70,397 postmenopausal women from the Women's Health Initiative.

Body size over the adult life course and the risk of colorectal cancer among postmenopausal women.

Objective: To assess the associations among several anthropometric measures, as well as BMI trajectories and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk in older women.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting: Forty clinical centres in the USA.

A Longitudinal Study of Sleep Habits and Leukemia Incidence Among Postmenopausal Women.

We sought to assess the relationship between sleep duration, sleep disturbance, and leukemia incidence among postmenopausal women. This study included 130,343 postmenopausal women aged 50-79 years who were enrolled in the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) during 1993-1998. Information on self-reported typical sleep duration and sleep disturbance was obtained by questionnaire at baseline, and sleep disturbance level was defined according to the Women's Health Initiative Insomnia Rating Scale (WHIIRS).

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and non-small cell lung cancer survival.

Background: Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a relatively new class of antidiabetic drugs with demonstrated renal and cardiovascular disease benefit. This study evaluates the role of SGLT2 inhibitors on the survival of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.

Methods: We used National Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER)-Medicare linked data.

Dietary selenium intake and thyroid cancer risk in postmenopausal women.

Objective: It has been suggested that higher selenium intake and consumption of supplements protect against several cancers. To our knowledge, epidemiologic evidence is rare and inconsistent on the association of selenium level and the risk for thyroid cancer. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the association between selenium intake and thyroid cancer risk in postmenopausal women using the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) database.

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor initiation and hepatocellular carcinoma prognosis.

Introduction: Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a relatively new class of antidiabetic drugs. Emerging findings from laboratory studies indicate that SGLT2 inhibitors can improve liver function and suppress the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that initiation of SGLT2 inhibitors improves HCC prognosis in a human population.

Gait speed, handgrip strength, and cognitive impairment among older women - A multistate analysis.

Background: Cognitive impairment imposes substantial psychological, emotional, and economic burdens on affected individuals, families and society. A better understanding of potentially modifiable risk factors that may be used in the prevention of cognitive impairment is therefore a high priority in aging research.

Methods: This study included 9268 community-dwelling women aged 65 years or older from the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures launched between 1986 and 1988 in the US.

Long-term changes of cognitive impairment among older breast cancer survivors.

Purpose: Cancer-related cognitive impairment is common during cancer treatment; however, it is unclear whether the impairment persists over time. Our study aimed to examine long-term cognitive impairment among older breast cancer survivors.

Methods: Participants included 2420 community-dwelling women aged 65 years or older at enrollment (1986-1988) (404 breast cancer cases and 1:5 matched cancer-free controls) from the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures.

Trajectories of objectively measured physical function among older breast cancer survivors in comparison with cancer-free controls.

Purpose: Aging associated with progressive declines in physical function is well-known; however, it is unclear how breast cancer diagnosis affects the trajectories of physical function over a long period of time. The current study examined the trajectories in objective measures of physical function over 20 years for women with breast cancer and matched controls.

Methods: 2712 community-dwelling women (452 breast cancer cases and 1:5 matched cancer-free controls) aged 65 years or older at baseline (1986-1988) within the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures were followed for 20 years.

Mortality disparities between Black and White Americans mediated by income and health behaviors.

Background: Race disparities in health outcomes including mortality risk are well known, but mediating mechanisms that link race to mortality risk have rarely been formally tested.

Methods: We analyzed public NHANES III data from 1988 to 1994 linked to mortality outcomes prospectively through 2015. Participants included 10,460 non-Hispanic Black (40.

Association between exposure to parabens and total mortality in US adults.

Background: Parabens are a group of endocrine disruptors that have been associated with health effects such as hypertension, diabetes, oxidative stress and obesity, which are associated with increased mortality risk over time. Women are exposed to higher paraben levels than men through use of consumer products. The current prospective study examines paraben exposure in association with mortality risk for women and men.

Mediation analysis of social isolation and mortality by health behaviors.

Social isolation associated with greater risk for mortality is well documented, however, it is unclear whether and the extent to which social isolation influences mortality through health behaviors. We therefore assessed the mediation between social isolation and mortality by health behaviors. 15,000 adults ages 18-89 years in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in the US (NHANES III) (1988-1994) were followed through 2015.

Risk Patterns and Mortality in Postmenopausal Women Using Latent Class Analysis.

Introduction: Although risk factors often co-occur, previous studies examining lifestyle or psychosocial factors often treat these factors as individual predictors of health. This study aims to identify the underlying subgroups of women characterized by distinct lifestyle and psychosocial risk patterns and to investigate the prospective associations between risk patterns and mortality among postmenopausal women.

Methods: A total of 64,812 postmenopausal women aged 50-79 years without prevalent diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer at baseline (1993-1998) were followed until 2019 with a mean follow-up duration of 14.

Mediation analysis of racial disparities in triple-negative breast cancer incidence among postmenopausal women.

Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is disproportionately higher in Black women relative to White women. The objective of this study was to examine to what extent the association between race/ethnicity and risk of TNBC is mediated by potentially modifiable factors.

Methods: A total of 128,623 Black and White women aged 50-79 years from the Women's Health Initiative were followed for a mean of 15.

Health information source use and trust among a vulnerable rural disparities population.

Purpose: Because rural residents, particularly those near mining sites, are susceptible to numerous environmental health hazards, it is important to gain deeper insights into their use and trust of health information, which they may employ to help recognize symptoms, learn ways to reduce exposure, or find health care.

Methods: We surveyed residents (N = 101) of rural Kentucky, Virginia, and West Virginia to assess predictors of health information source use and trust. A project manager administered face-to-face paper and pencil questionnaires assessing demographics, health status, smoking behavior, and health information use and source trust.

BMI trajectory and subsequent risk of type 2 diabetes among middle-aged women.

Background And Aims: Little is known about how weight trajectories among women during menopausal transition and beyond may be related to risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The aim of this study was to examine associations between body mass index (BMI) trajectories over 20 years, age of obesity onset, cumulative obese-years and incidence of T2DM among middle-aged women.

Methods And Results: 12,302 women enrolled in the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health (ALSWH) were surveyed in 1996 (Survey 1, age 45-50), 1998 and then every three years to 2016.

Association between prediagnosis depression and mortality among postmenopausal women with colorectal cancer.

Background: There are no epidemiologic data on the relation of depression before colorectal cancer diagnosis to colorectal cancer mortality among women with colorectal cancer, especially those who are postmenopausal. Our aim was to fill this research gap.

Methods: We analyzed data from a large prospective cohort in the US, the Women's Health Initiative (WHI).

Hysterectomy, Oophorectomy, and Risk of Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Background: Female hormones may play roles during renal cell carcinoma (RCC) carcinogenesis. The aims of this study were to investigate associations between hysterectomy, oophorectomy, and risk of RCC and to assess whether the associations were modified by exogenous estrogen, commonly used among women who have undergone hysterectomy.

Methods: Postmenopausal women ( = 144,599) ages 50-79 years at enrollment (1993-1998) in the Women's Health Initiative were followed for a mean of 15.

Sleep Characteristics and Risk of Ovarian Cancer Among Postmenopausal Women.

Several studies have assessed the relationship between sleep duration and ovarian cancer risk, but the results are conflicting. Importantly, no studies addressed the relationship between sleep disturbance or sleep quality and ovarian cancer incidence. Moreover, few studies have examined the relationships between sleep measures and subtypes of ovarian cancer.

Metal mixtures and kidney function: An application of machine learning to NHANES data.

Background: Exposure to heavy metals may increase risk of kidney disease, but most studies have examined individual metals or two-way interactions. There is increasing recognition of the importance of studying exposure to metal mixtures and health outcomes.

Objectives: We used Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) to examine associations between a mixture of four heavy metals and indicators of kidney function.

COVID-19 prevalence and fatality rates in association with air pollution emission concentrations and emission sources.

The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is primarily respiratory in nature, and as such, there is interest in examining whether air pollution might contribute to disease susceptibility or outcome. We merged data on COVID-19 cumulative prevalence and fatality rates as of May 31, 2020 with 2014-2019 pollution data from the US Environmental Protection Agency Environmental Justice Screen (EJSCREEN), with control for state testing rates, population density, and population covariate data from the County Health Rankings. Pollution data included three types of air emission concentrations (particulate matter<2.