The influence of NSAIDs on experimental intestinal anastomoses.

Limiting degradation of collagen during the initial phase of wound healing is expected to improve postoperative intestinal strength and thereby decrease chances for anastomotic dehiscence. We studied the influence of four nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs on the healing of intestinal anastomoses in rats, with special regard to changes of collagen levels around the anastomoses. Four experimental groups of 20 rats each received daily oral doses of piroxicam, ibuprofen, aspirin, or indomethacin and were compared with a control group.

Intestinal anastomotic healing in the absence of suture material: an experimental study in rats.

In order to investigate the influence of sutures on intestinal anastomotic healing, 48 rats underwent both ileal and colonic resection. In 24 rats all intestinal sutures were removed 30 min after anastomotic construction (group 1), while in the remaining animals (group 2) the sutures were left in place. Bursting pressures and collagen (hydroxyproline) levels in anastomotic segments were measured 1, 3, and 7 days after operation.

Influence of methylprednisolone on the healing of intestinal anastomoses in rats.

Although steroids are generally thought to impair intestinal anastomotic healing, this effect has never been proven unequivocally in either clinical or experimental studies. We have investigated the influence of methylprednisolone (2.5 or 10.

Healing of experimental intestinal anastomoses. Parameters for repair.

Anastomotic dehiscence remains a major complication in surgery of the large bowel, and studies on the healing sequence of experimental anastomoses are necessary to define underlying mechanisms and find ways to improve surgical outcome, particularly in high-risk situations. For the quantitative description of anastomotic repair, both mechanical and biochemical parameters are employed, each with their own limitations. Mechanical parameters, either bursting pressure or breaking strength, only reflect growing anastomotic strength as long as disruption occurs within the anastomotic area, which is less than one week after surgery for the bursting pressure and probably up to two weeks for the breaking strength.

Antigenic relationships between petunia peroxidase a and specific peroxidase isoenzymes in other Solanaceae.

A highly specific rabbit antiserum raised against peroxidase (PRXa) from petunia (Petunia hybrida) was used to investigate the antigenic relatedness of peroxidases in the Solanaceae. After SDS-PAGE of crude leaf extracts from a large number of species of this family, immunoblotting revealed that cross-reacting protein bands were present in all species tested. In order to determine whether these protein bands represent peroxidases, the peroxidase isoenzymes in thorn apple (Datura stramonium L.

Correlation between collagenolytic activity and grade of histological differentiation in colorectal tumors.

Collagenolytic activity, extracted from 55 tumor and healthy corresponding intestinal control samples, was determined by 3 different assays using soluble type I and fibrillar type I and III collagen, respectively, as substrate. The enzyme extracted from tumor-digested collagen type I reconstituted fibrils and yielded the three-quarter segments characteristic for the action of one of the matrix metalloproteinases: MMP-I or mammalian collagenase. Metal-chelating agents such as EDTA and O-phenanthrolin indeed inhibited this activity.

The effects of lathyrogens on intestinal anastomoses in the rat.

Submucosal collagen provides strength to the intestinal wall. In order to assess the importance of collagen fibers for the developing strength of intestinal anastomoses we have sought to prevent postoperative collagen crosslinking by administration of lathyrogens. Rats, receiving both an ileal and a colonic anastomosis, were treated with either D-penicillamine or beta-aminopropionitrile from 1 day before operation.

Spectrophotometric correction for bile pigments in the thiobarbituric acid test for malondialdehyde-like substances in plasma.

A simple method is proposed to improve specificity when estimating malondialdehyde-like components of plasma thiobarbituric acid-reactivity, especially with regard to the considerable contribution of bilirubin. The spectrophotometric method comprises measurement of A485, A532 and A560 instead of only A532. A correction formula is then applied to calculate the portion of the A532 which originates from malondialdehyde-like substances.

Collagen synthesis in explants from rat intestine.

Collagen is the major structural component of the intestinal wall and its metabolism is of special interest for intestinal strength. We describe collagen synthesis in short-term (3 h) incubations of rat intestinal tissue, as measured in terms of incorporation of [3H]proline in collagenase-digestible protein and percentage relative collagen synthesis. In this time span, incorporation of [3H]proline in collagen increases linearly with time and tissue weight.

Collagen changes around intestinal anastomoses in germ-free rats.

The changes in collagen, measured as hydroxyproline, concentration around both ileal and colonic anastomoses in germ-free and control rats have been investigated and compared with each other. The germ-free rats were raised, operated on and maintained under completely pyrogen-free conditions. Animals were killed 2, 3 or 7 days after operation.

Collagenolytic activity extracted from intestinal anastomoses of the rat.

The post-operative degradation of collagen has been postulated to play an important role in the development of anastomotic leakage in the intestine. However, collagenolytic activity in intestinal anastomoses has hardly been studied so far. We have measured collagenolytic activity, after extraction in an urea-containing medium, in both ileal and colonic anastomoses in the rat, from 12 hours to 31 days after operation.

Piroxicam affects collagen changes around experimental intestinal anastomoses.

The effects of piroxicam on postoperative changes of collagen--measured as hydroxyproline--concentrations were measured around intestinal anastomoses in rats. Piroxicam, in a dose of 2 mg/kg/day, significantly reduced the decrease of hydroxyproline concentrations around colonic anastomoses during the first 3 days after the operation but also reduced the increase of hydroxyproline concentrations observed at day 7 around ileal anastomoses in the control group. 10 mg piroxicam/kg/day resulted in a 100% lethal peritonitis after the 5th postoperative day.

Collagen in colorectal cancer in relation to clinicopathologic stage and histologic grade.

Interstitial collagen is a major constituent of the tumor matrix. The quantity of this protein may influence the prognosis. The collagen content of 54 colorectal tumors, measured as the hydroxyproline concentration in relation to clinicopathologic stage and histologic grade, was investigated and no support for either a negative or positive influence on the prognosis.

Enterostomy as an adjunct to treatment of intra-abdominal sepsis.

In 60 patients a small bowel enterostomy was constructed as part of the treatment of various intra-abdominal infectious and obstructive conditions. Eleven patients (18 per cent) died in the immediate postoperative period from continuing sepsis. In one patient closure of the stoma was not considered because of disseminated malignancy.

On the fluorometric assay of circulating lipoperoxides.

The methodology for the measurement of circulating thiobarbituric acid (TBA)-reactive products of lipid peroxidation in human plasma by means of fluorometry has been reinvestigated. The lipid precipitation of plasma with phosphotungstic acid, which step is laid down in the standard assay method, strongly increases the apparent TBA-reactivity. However, subsequent washing of the precipitate may reduce the apparent levels of lipoperoxide to values close to those obtained by using untreated plasma.

Effects of partial ileal bypass on the progression of atherosclerotic lesions in WHHL rabbits.

At age of 40 weeks, 9 WHHL rabbits were necropsied as a baseline control group for evaluating aortic and coronary atherosclerosis. An additional 18 WHHL rabbits of the same age underwent either a partial ileal bypass (PIB) or a sham operation. Serum cholesterol concentrations were significantly lower in PIB rabbits than in sham-operated rabbits, mean postsurgical values being 7.

Healing of experimental colonic anastomoses: effect of antineoplastic agents.

The effect of a combination of antineoplastic agents (bleomycin (2 mg/kg/d), 5-fluorouracil (10 mg/kg/d) and cisdiamminedichloroplatinum (0.35 mg/kg/d)), given intravenously, on the healing of colonic anastomoses was investigated in rats. Ninety-six male Wistar rats were divided into four groups.

Transport and processing of endocytosed lysosomal alpha-glucosidase in cultured human skin fibroblasts.

In the present study we have characterised the molecular products that arise from processing of a precursor form of alpha-glucosidase isolated from urine after endocytosis at 37 degrees C by cultured human skin fibroblasts. The urinary precursor (Mr 110 000) was processed to forms with Mr of 100 000, 80 000 and 74 000. These forms were approximately 4000 Da larger than the corresponding forms of endogenously synthesized alpha-glucosidase.

The effect of antineoplastic agents on the healing of small intestinal anastomoses in the rat.

The influence of an intravenous 5-day combined chemotherapy with bleomycin (2 mg/kg/d), 5-fluorouracil (10 mg/kg/d) and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (0.35 mg/kg/d) on the healing of ileal anastomoses was investigated in rats. Ninety-six male Wistar rats were used, divided into four groups.

A spectrophotometric microassay for sulfated glycosaminoglycans using a laser densitometer.

The absorption spectrum of the dye 1,9-dimethylmethylene blue shifts if complexed with sulfated glycosaminoglycans. The present method uses the decrease in A633 rather than the increase in A535, described in a recent method, to measure the sulfated glycosaminoglycan content of biological samples. A conventional spectrophotometer was used to estimate the levels of sulfated glycosaminoglycan in papain extracts from intestinal wall tissue, by measuring both the A535 and the A633 and comparing them with a chondroitin sulfate standard: a highly significant correlation (r = 0.

Anastomotic insufficiency in small bowel surgery--incidence and treatment.

In the period 1977-1981 234 small bowel anastomoses were constructed in 143 patients. Eight anastomoses showed leakage (3.4%) and from nine anastomoses a fistula developed (3.

Histological features of wound repair: a comparison between experimental ileal and colonic anastomoses.

Various histological parameters of wound repair have been studied in intestinal anastomoses in the rabbit in order to compare the healing processes in ileum and colon. The sequentional appearance of granulocytes, macrophages and fibroblasts has been studied from 3 h to 7 days after operation. Also, degree of necrosis, formation of capillaries and mucosal repair were analysed semi-quantitatively.

Solubility of tissue hydroxyproline in experimental intestinal anastomoses.

Salt and acid solubility of collagen are thought to reflect its degree of crosslinking. In order to examine postoperative changes in crosslinking of intestinal collagen, which are of importance to the stability of the intestinal wall, we have investigated the solubility of hydroxyproline in rabbit ileum and colon, both in unwounded intestine and after construction of an anastomosis. Solubility in salt and dilute acid was increased by a sonication procedure.

Genetics of the peroxidase isoenzymes in Petunia : 11. Several loci involved in peroxidase synthesis.

The structural gene prxE, coding for a slow cathodic peroxidase in Petunia, has been located to chromosome II, linked to F1. The presence of two mobility alleles in Petunia hybrida can be ascribed to its hybrid descent. Some properties of peroxidase e are mentioned.

Loss of collagen from experimental intestinal anastomoses: early events.

Collagen lysis, which always occurs to some extent in the wound area, is thought to be the underlying cause for breakdown of intestinal anastomoses. Therefore, we have studied the loss of collagen around ileal and colonic anastomoses in New Zealand White rabbits during the first 48 hr after operation. In the ileum, significant lysis of collagen in the anastomotic area, as represented by a decreased level of hydroxyproline, occurs from 12 hr postoperatively onward.