Comparison between ruptured anterior choroidal artery aneurysms and ruptured intracranial aneurysms in other locations in relation to aneurysm dimensions at rupture.

Purpose: It was noticed that anterior choroidal artery (AChoA) aneurysms appear to rupture at relatively smaller sizes compared with aneurysms in other intracranial locations, based on anecdotal clinical experience. We therefore aimed to compare ruptured AChoA aneurysms with other ruptured aneurysms in other intracranial locations, pertaining to aneurysm dimensions. This may help in finding out if the rupture risk stratification, based on the amalgamation of aneurysms of multiple locations in one group, precisely estimates aneurysm rupture risk.

Stroke endovascular thrombectomy related subarachnoid hyperdensity: incidence, predictive factors, and a proposed sub-classification.

Background: Subarachnoid hyperdensity (SAH) after endovascular thrombectomy is a well-known phenomenon. Nevertheless, the clinical significance and natural history of this phenomenon is not well described. In addition, we test previously postulated hypotheses of distal occlusions sites and antithrombotic use to SAH prevalence and extent.

Bleomycin sclerotherapy for venous vascular malformations of the tongue.

Background: Venous vascular malformations (VVMs) are congenital vascular anomalies, often impacting quality of life due to discomfort, swelling, and functional impairments. This study evaluates the efficacy of bleomycin sclerotherapy as a treatment for symptomatic VVMs of the tongue.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of all patients treated with this method in our institution between 2004 and 2024.

Assessing and enhancing the circularity and sustainability of emergency hospital shelters.

Leading humanitarian organisations strive to enhance the sustainability of their aid to avoid negative impacts on the environment, economy, and society, particularly in low-resource areas. This study explores how the circularity and sustainability of emergency hospital shelters can be assessed using literature, expert interviews, co-creation and design sessions, and pilot testing. The approach combines a qualitative circularity checklist with a quantitative environmental impact assessment, providing valuable input for informed decision-making during procurement and design.

Genotes - a 'just-in-time' genomics education resource co-designed with clinicians.

Background: Powerful new genomic technologies are transforming the way healthcare is delivered, shaping medical practice across all specialties. In this rapidly changing landscape, there is an urgent need to equip the clinical workforce with knowledge and skills to navigate the new healthcare terrain. Co-design of healthcare resources with end users is increasingly gaining traction as a method of ensuring that educational content and delivery are tailored to users' needs, increasing likelihood of use and resulting in better outcomes for patients.

Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas: Baseline Cognitive Changes and Changes following Treatment: A Prospective Longitudinal Study.

Background And Purpose: Dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) exhibit varied clinical manifestations, and high-grade cases are associated with both a risk of hemorrhage and (in certain cases) dementia. Less known, however, is the association between DAVF and more subtle cognitive changes, which might not be clinically apparent without formal neurocognitive testing. This study prospectively assesses baseline cognitive changes in patients with unruptured DAVFs and looks at the effects of treatment on any such changes.

The Impact of Revascularization Surgery on Headaches in Association with Cerebrovascular Reactivity in Patients with Moyamoya Angiopathy.

Background/objectives: Headaches in Moyamoya angiopathy are common but poorly understood. We aimed to investigate if headaches in Moyamoya angiopathy improve after revascularization surgery and whether this is associated with improvement in cerebrovascular reactivity on MRI (CVR-MRI).

Methods: We included consecutive adult patients with Moyamoya angiopathy who had chart data on headaches, CVR-MRI, and underwent extracranial-intracranial bypass surgery between January 2010 and September 2022 at a tertiary neurovascular referral center.

Social Gaming to Decrease Loneliness in Older Adults: Recruitment Challenges and Attrition Analysis in a Digital Mixed Methods Feasibility Study.

Background: Digital mental health interventions could sustainably and scalably prevent and reduce loneliness in older adults. We designed an app containing 29 text-based games and a questionnaire-administering chatbot to stimulate intergenerational contact.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of a social gaming app in reducing loneliness among older adults by evaluating recruitment strategies, data collection procedures, and gameplay activity.

Recognition of dural to pial supply in high-grade dural arteriovenous fistula: A technical note.

High-grade dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) are known to demonstrate classical dural supply and can demonstrate pre-existing dural supply and 'pure' arterial supply from pial branches. The latter two are examples of congenital versus acquired pial to dural shunting, respectively. We describe the recognition of dural to pial supply during combined transarterial and transvenous embolization of a high-grade DAVF with holocephalic venous reflux, stressing the importance of careful assessment of this condition with micro catheter injections.

Clinical and Anatomical Characteristics of Perforator Aneurysms of the Posterior Cerebral Artery: A Single-Center Experience.

Introduction: Posterior cerebral artery (PCA) aneurysms represent up to 1% of all cerebral aneurysms. P1-P2 perforator aneurysms are thought to be even less prevalent and often require complex treatment strategies due to their anatomical and morphological characteristics, with risk of a perforator infarct. We studied the treatment of P1-P2 perforator aneurysms in a single-center cohort from a high-volume tertiary center, reporting clinical and anatomical characteristics, treatment strategies, and outcomes.

Perfecting the pour: A novel co-axial technique with sequential injections for optimising cement delivery during sacroplasty.

Background: Percutaneous sacroplasty is an effective treatment for painful sacral fractures and tumours, however there is no accepted optimal technique for performing this procedure. This study investigated a novel approach to sacroplasty combining co-axial sacral access, sequential cement injections and hypothermic cement manipulation to improve cement delivery.

Methods: This retrospective study analysed 11 patients who underwent co-axial sacroplasty between April 2023 and March 2024 for treatment of painful insufficiency fractures ( = 5) or malignant sacral tumours ( = 6).

International consensus statement on the diagnosis and management of phaeochromocytoma and paraganglioma in children and adolescents.

Phaeochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGL) are rare neuroendocrine tumours that arise not only in adulthood but also in childhood and adolescence. Up to 70-80% of childhood PPGL are hereditary, accounting for a higher incidence of metastatic and/or multifocal PPGL in paediatric patients than in adult patients. Key differences in the tumour biology and management, together with rare disease incidence and therapeutic challenges in paediatric compared with adult patients, mandate close expert cross-disciplinary teamwork.

Consensus Guidance for Monitoring Individuals With Islet Autoantibody-Positive Pre-Stage 3 Type 1 Diabetes.

Given the proven benefits of screening to reduce diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) likelihood at the time of stage 3 type 1 diabetes diagnosis, and emerging availability of therapy to delay disease progression, type 1 diabetes screening programs are being increasingly emphasized. Once broadly implemented, screening initiatives will identify significant numbers of islet autoantibody-positive (IAb+) children and adults who are at risk for (confirmed single IAb+) or living with (multiple IAb+) early-stage (stage 1 and stage 2) type 1 diabetes. These individuals will need monitoring for disease progression; much of this care will happen in nonspecialized settings.

Consensus guidance for monitoring individuals with islet autoantibody-positive pre-stage 3 type 1 diabetes.

Given the proven benefits of screening to reduce diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) likelihood at the time of stage 3 type 1 diabetes diagnosis, and emerging availability of therapy to delay disease progression, type 1 diabetes screening programmes are being increasingly emphasised. Once broadly implemented, screening initiatives will identify significant numbers of islet autoantibody-positive (IAb) children and adults who are at risk of (confirmed single IAb) or living with (multiple IAb) early-stage (stage 1 and stage 2) type 1 diabetes. These individuals will need monitoring for disease progression; much of this care will happen in non-specialised settings.

Embolization techniques of spontaneous direct carotid-cavernous fistulae: a single-center experience.

Purpose: Spontaneous direct carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF) are usually caused by a ruptured carotid cavernous aneurysm. We studied treatment of spontaneous direct CCFs in a single-center cohort of a high-volume tertiary referral center, reporting anatomical details, technical approaches of treatment, and outcomes.

Methods: Adult patients with a spontaneous direct CCF treated between 2010-2022 with follow-up MRI and/or DSA imaging available were retrospectively analyzed.

Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy in Locally Advanced Mismatch Repair-Deficient Colon Cancer.

Background: Mismatch repair-deficient (dMMR) tumors can be found in 10 to 15% of patients with nonmetastatic colon cancer. In these patients, the efficacy of chemotherapy is limited. The use of neoadjuvant immunotherapy has shown promising results, but data from studies of this approach are limited.

Visual and Pharmacotherapy Outcomes After Transverse Sinus Stenting for Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension.

Background: Transverse sinus stenting (TSS) is an increasingly common treatment for patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). However, detailed neuro-ophthalmic evidence on visual and pharmacotherapy outcomes after TSS is scarce and heterogeneous. This study aimed to describe the visual outcomes of patients undergoing TSS for IIH and to ascertain the proportion of patients who could be weaned off intracranial pressure (ICP)-lowering medication postoperatively.

Clinical uncertainty in large vessel occlusion ischemic stroke: does automated perfusion imaging make a difference? An intra-rater and inter-rater agreement study.

Background: Limited research exists regarding the impact of neuroimaging on endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) decisions for late-window cases of large vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke.

Objective: T0 assess whether perfusion CT imaging: (1) alters the proportion of recommendations for EVT, and (2) enhances the reliability of EVT decision-making compared with non-contrast CT and CT angiography.

Methods: We conducted a survey using 30 patients drawn from an institutional database of 3144 acute stroke cases.

Exercise-Induced Hypoalgesia in Patients with Chronic Whiplash-Associated Disorders: Differences between Subgroups Based on the Central Sensitization Inventory.

Background: Physical exercise is an important element in the rehabilitation of chronic whiplash-associated disorders, with the physiological process underlying pain reduction called exercise-induced hypoalgesia. In chronic whiplash-associated disorders, exercise-induced hypoalgesia appears impaired, and the research suggests a relationship with symptoms of dysfunctional nociceptive processing, such as central sensitization. This study improves our understanding of exercise-induced hypoalgesia in chronic whiplash-associated disorders by examining the differences between the extent of exercise-induced hypoalgesia in subgroups based on scores on the central sensitization inventory (CSI).

Transarterial Embolization of Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas: Conventional, Pressure Cooker, and Microballoon Catheter Embolization Techniques.

Background And Objectives: Dural fistulas are abnormal connections between dural arteries and intracranial veins treated mainly endovascularly in most settings. The aim was to examine a single-institution experience of microballoon catheter transarterial embolization (TAE) of dural arteriovenous fistulas (dAVFs) and compare it with other TAE techniques.

Methods: We retrospectively identified all dAVFs treated at our institution between 2017 and 2022 with microballoon, conventional, and pressure cooker TAE.

Fear avoidance beliefs, anxiety, and depression in healthy individuals and persons with vestibular disorders across cultures.

Background/introduction: In persons with vestibular disorders, disturbed vestibular input and accompanying dizziness can be associated with anxiety or depression. To avoid dizziness, persons with vestibular disorders can develop mal-adaptive fear avoidance behaviors which can negatively influence daily life functioning. The aims of this study were to (1) document different psychological factors in patients with vestibular disorders and healthy adults across cultures and (2) to assess the convergent validity of the 9-item Vestibular Activities Avoidance Instrument (VAAI), which quantifies fear avoidance beliefs.