Transformations in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Surgical Practices: A Longitudinal Study of Trends and Predictions.

Introduction: The workload for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) surgery is expected to rise with an increase in life expectancy and a growing population. Surgical modalities for BPH have evolved, shifting toward minimally invasive transurethral procedures. This study aimed to investigate the trends in BPH surgical procedures across medical centers in Israel.

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Orthopaedic surgical infections, in Denmark, are managed heterogeneously, both within the orthopaedic surgical and the clinical microbiological specialty. More uniform guidelines for sampling and clinical microbiological diagnostics for suspected orthopedic surgical infections would be appropriate. The purpose of this review is therefore to initiate a process aiming for consensus on sampling methods of tissue materials and fluids and clinical microbiological sample handling.

Prospective Assessment of Fluorine-18-Fluorodeoxyglucose-Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (FDG-PET/CT) for Early Identification of Checkpoint-Inhibitor-Induced Pseudoprogression.

The activity of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in patients with metastatic melanoma is often monitored using fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) scans. However, distinguishing disease progression (PD) from pseudoprogression (PsPD), where increased FDG uptake might reflect immune cell activity rather than tumor growth, remains a challenge. This prospective study compared the efficacy of dual-time point (DTP) FDG-PET/CT with modified response criteria (PERCIMT) in differentiating PsPD from PD.

Stage-Specific Risk of Recurrence and Death From Melanoma in Denmark, 2008-2021: A National Observational Cohort Study of 25 720 Patients With Stage IA to IV Melanoma.

Importance: To ensure optimal treatment and surveillance of patients with melanoma, knowledge of the clinical stage-specific risk of recurrence, mortality, and recurrence patterns across the American Joint Committee on Cancer Eighth Edition (AJCC8) substages is needed.

Objective: To estimate stage-specific recurrence and melanoma-specific mortality rates, assess absolute stage-specific risks of recurrence and mortality, and describe stage-specific recurrence patterns, including conditional rates.

Design: Retrospective cohort study of prospectively collected nationwide population-based registry data.

Pediatric Age-Related Distribution of Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate and Calcium Oxalate Dihydrate in Urinary Tract Stones: Metabolic, Gender, and Ethnic Correlates.

Previous studies of pediatric urolithiasis have suggested possible associations between the relative proportions of calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD) and calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) stones with age, gender, and ethnicity. This study aimed to investigate the composition and distribution of calcium oxalate (CaOx) stones according to these clinical factors and the metabolic correlates of the different subtypes in pediatric stone formers (PSFs). We retrospectively reviewed the database of all first-time stone formers between 2014 and 2019.

Earlier Recurrence Detection Using Routine FDG PET-CT Scans in Surveillance of Stage IIB to IIID Melanoma: A National Cohort Study of 1480 Patients.

Background: The effect of routine imaging in melanoma surveillance is unknown. In 2016, Denmark was the first country in the world to implement routine imaging with positron emission tomography-computed tomography with fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG PET-CT) in a nationwide, population-based surveillance program. This study aimed to determine the impact of surveillance with routine FDG PET-CT on hazard, cumulative incidence, and absolute risk of overall, locoregional, and distant recurrence detection in patients with stage IIB to IIID cutaneous melanoma.

Randomised phase II trial of stereotactic body radiotherapy in combination with point inhibitors in metastatic castration-resistant state cancer (CheckPRO): a study protocol.

Introduction: Immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) has revolutionised cancer treatment but has no convincing effect in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). It has been suggested that a combination of CPI and hypofractionated stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) may work synergistically, and recent trials have supported this. We hypothesise that adding SBRT to CPI treatment can improve response rates in patients with mCRPC.

Fine needle and core needle ultrasound guided biopsies for assessing suspected melanoma metastasis in lymph nodes and subcutaneous tissue.

Background And Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and core needle biopsy (CNB) in different clinical scenarios for melanoma patients with lesions suspected of metastasis.

Methods: We included all patients at our department attending follow-up after surgery for cutaneous melanoma, who had undergone either FNAC or CNB between December 2016 and June 2019. Biopsy results were classified into one of four categories and verified with follow-up including imaging, re-biopsy or histology upon excision.

Observer experience and accuracy of 18F-sodium-fluoride PET/CT for the diagnosis of bone metastases in prostate cancer.

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of observers with different levels of experience in reading 18F-sodium fluoride (NaF) PET/CT images for the diagnosis of bone metastases in prostate cancer (PCa) patients.

Methods: Nine observers with varying NaF PET/CT experience, ranging from no experience to 2000+ examinations, evaluated 211 NaF PET/CT scans from PCa patients participating in one of four prospective trials. Each observer evaluated each NaF PET/CT on a patient level using a trichotomous scale: M0 (no bone metastases), Me (equivocal for bone metastases) and M1 (bone metastases).

Clinical value of routine [18F]2-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose positron emission tomography scans as a decision tool for early immunotherapy discontinuation in advanced melanoma.

Routine [18F]2-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) may help predict clinical outcomes after response to immunotherapy. With a European Medicines Agency-recommended treatment length until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity, the optimal duration of immunotherapy remains to be defined. In a retrospective study, we retrieved from the Danish Metastatic Melanoma Database (DAMMED), all patients that were annotated as a partial or complete response based on the computed tomography (CT) of serial FDG-PET-CT scans.

A phase 1/2 trial of an immune-modulatory vaccine against IDO/PD-L1 in combination with nivolumab in metastatic melanoma.

Anti-programmed death (PD)-1 (aPD1) therapy is an effective treatment for metastatic melanoma (MM); however, over 50% of patients progress due to resistance. We tested a first-in-class immune-modulatory vaccine (IO102/IO103) against indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and PD ligand 1 (PD-L1), targeting immunosuppressive cells and tumor cells expressing IDO and/or PD-L1 (IDO/PD-L1), combined with nivolumab. Thirty aPD1 therapy-naive patients with MM were treated in a phase 1/2 study ( https://clinicaltrials.

Adrenal ganglioneuroma resected for suspicious malignancy: multicenter review of 25 cases and review of the literature.

Purpose: We reviewed the experience with adrenal ganglioneuroma (AGN) pathologically confirmed following adrenalectomy in medium- to high-volume medical centers.

Methods: The medical records of all adrenalectomy cases in 4 medical centers between 2006 and 2020 were retrospectively reviewed for demographics, clinical, radiological and laboratory findings, surgical treatment, pathology results, and outcomes.

Results: Twenty-five out of 875 adrenalectomy cases (2.

Clinical efficacy of T-cell therapy after short-term BRAF-inhibitor priming in patients with checkpoint inhibitor-resistant metastatic melanoma.

Purpose: Despite impressive response rates following adoptive transfer of autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in patients with metastatic melanoma, improvement is needed to increase the efficacy and broaden the applicability of this treatment. We evaluated the use of vemurafenib, a small-molecule BRAF inhibitor with immunomodulatory properties, as priming before TIL harvest and adoptive T cell therapy in a phase I/II clinical trial.

Methods: 12 patients were treated with vemurafenib for 7 days before tumor excision and during the following weeks until TIL infusion.

Routine PET-CT scans provide early and accurate recurrence detection in asymptomatic stage IIB-III melanoma patients.

Introduction: The use of routine imaging with 18F-FDG PET-CT (PET-CT) in melanoma surveillance is debated and evidence of its diagnostic value and yield in asymptomatic patients is limited. Denmark introduced nationwide routine surveillance with PET-CT in high-risk patients in 2016. The aim of this study was to examine the sensitivity, specificity, negative and positive predictive values, numbers-needed-to-scan and clinical impact of routine PET-CT in the surveillance of asymptomatic stage IIB-III melanoma patients.

Factors associated with melanoma-related limb lymphoedema.

Background: Melanoma-related limb lymphoedema is a well-known late effect following sentinel node biopsy (SNB), and lymph node dissection (LND) in patients treated of melanoma. However, data on associated risk factors are sparse. This study aimed to investigate factors associated with melanoma-related limb lymphoedema.

Automated synthesis of Ga/ Lu-PSMA on the Trasis miniAllinOne.

Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-based radioligands for positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) studies represent the gold standard for detection of recurrent prostate cancer (PCa). [ Ga]PSMA-HBED-CC is a PET radiotracer suitable for detection of PCa, and its clinical use has become widespread over the last few years. In this contribution, we detail our GMP-compliant production of [ Ga]PSMA-HBED-CC using the Trasis miniAllinOne radiosynthesizer and report synthetic and clinical data for the first 100 productions of 2019.

Observer Agreement and Accuracy of F-Sodium Fluoride PET/CT in the Diagnosis of Bone Metastases in Prostate Cancer.

Our aim was to evaluate the interobserver agreement in F-sodium fluoride (NaF) PET/CT for the detection of bone metastases in patients with prostate cancer (PCa). F-NaF PET/CT scans were retrieved from all patients who participated in 4 recent prospective trials. Two experienced observers independently evaluated the F-NaF PET/CT scans on a patient level using a 3-category scale (no bone metastases [M0], equivocal for bone metastases, and bone metastases present [M1]) and on a dichotomous scale (M0/M1).

Rheumatoid arthritis and thyroid dysfunction: A cross-sectional study and a review of the literature.

Thyroid dysfunction appears to show increased prevalence in many autoimmune diseases; however, this comorbidity has not been properly investigated in patients with RA. This issue was addressed in this cross-sectional study. Using the database of the Clalit Health Services (CHS) in Israel, RA patients were paired with age- and sex-matched controls to compare the prevalence of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism.

No Added Value of F-Sodium Fluoride PET/CT for the Detection of Bone Metastases in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Prostate Cancer with Normal Bone Scintigraphy.

The aim of this study was to determine if additional F-sodium fluoride PET/CT (NaF PET/CT) improves the prognostic accuracy in the initial staging of prostate cancer patients with normal bone scintigraphy undergoing prostatectomy. A prospective cohort study examined NaF PET/CT in intermediate- or high-risk prostate cancer with negative bone scintigraphy who were scheduled for prostatectomy. Biochemical response: PSA levels < 0.

The DAHANCA 32 study: Electrochemotherapy for recurrent mucosal head and neck cancer.

Background: Electrochemotherapy is an established treatment for cutaneous tumors. This study aimed at determining efficacy of electrochemotherapy in recurrent head and neck cancer.

Methods: Phase II clinical trial in patients with recurrent head and neck carcinomas with no curative treatment options.

Adoptive cell therapy with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in patients with metastatic ovarian cancer: a pilot study.

:Ovarian cancer (OC) is often diagnosed at an advanced stage with two thirds of patients experiencing recurrent disease with a poor prognosis. Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) has shown curative potential in malignant melanoma, but has only been investigated scarcely in other cancers. In this pilot study, we tested TIL based ACT in patients with metastatic OC.

Ga-PSMA-PET/CT in comparison with F-fluoride-PET/CT and whole-body MRI for the detection of bone metastases in patients with prostate cancer: a prospective diagnostic accuracy study.

Objectives: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of gallium prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-based positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in comparison with F-fluoride-based PET/CT (NaF-PET/CT) and whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (WB-MRI) for the detection of bone metastases in patients with prostate cancer.

Methods: Sixty patients with prostate cancer were included in the period May 2016 to June 2017. The participants underwent three scans (index tests) within 30 days: a NaF-PET/CT, a WB-MRI and a PSMA-PET/CT.

T cells isolated from patients with checkpoint inhibitor-resistant melanoma are functional and can mediate tumor regression.

Background: Almost half of the patients with metastatic melanoma obtain only short-term or no benefit at all from checkpoint inhibitor (CPI) immunotherapy. In this study, we investigated whether the immune system of patients progressing following CPI treatment was able to generate functional tumor-specific immune responses.

Materials And Methods: Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) were isolated and expanded from metastatic melanoma lesions which progressed during or after anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD)-1 and anti-Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Antigen 4 (CTLA-4) treatment.