Hydroxychloroquine in children with proliferative lupus nephritis: a randomized clinical trial.

Unlabelled: Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is an antimalarial agent used to treat mucocutaneous, musculoskeletal, constitutional manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This study assessed the efficacy and side effects of HCQ in children with proliferative lupus nephritis (LN). This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial study was conducted on 60 children with proliferative LN classes III and IV treated with steroids and a mycophenolate (MMF) regimen.

Juvenile lupus and serum vitamin D levels: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE) is usually associated with vitamin D deficiency and low bone mineral density.

Objectives: To evaluate serum levels of 25-OH vitamin D in JSLE patients and to correlate these findings with disease activity and bone density.

Methods: This study was conducted on 100 patients with JSLE and 100 healthy children as controls.

Serum-soluble CXCL16 in juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus: a promising predictor of disease severity and lupus nephritis.

Juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (jSLE) is a multisystem autoimmune disease of unpredicted course and prognosis. Rates of organ involvement in SLE are higher in children, and overt lupus nephropathy is more often a presenting manifestation of SLE in children than adults. Inflammatory soluble chemokine CXC motif-ligand 16 (sCXCL16) is an important pathogenic mediator in inflammatory diseases as SLE.