Incidence trends and survival analysis of appendiceal tumors in the United States: Primarily changes in appendiceal neuroendocrine tumors.

Background: Appendiceal tumors are considered to be a relatively rare tumor of the gastrointestinal tract and the prognosis is unclear. This study comprehensively investigated trends in the epidemiology and survival of appendiceal tumors in the United States over the past approximately 20 years.

Methods: Patients with pathologically confirmed appendiceal tumors from 2000 to 2017 were selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database.

KDM5 family of demethylases promotes CD44-mediated chemoresistance in pancreatic adenocarcinomas.

A growing body of evidence suggests that the histone demethylase-lysine demethylase 5 (KDM5) family is associated with drug resistance in cancer cells. However, it is still not clear whether KDM5 family members promote chemotherapy resistance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC). Comprehensive bioinformatics analysis was performed to investigate the prognostic value, and functional mechanisms of KDM5 family members in PDAC.

Cytoskeletal and Cytoskeleton-Associated Proteins: Key Regulators of Cancer Stem Cell Properties.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a subpopulation of cancer cells possessing stemness characteristics that are closely associated with tumor proliferation, recurrence and resistance to therapy. Recent studies have shown that different cytoskeletal components and remodeling processes have a profound impact on the behavior of CSCs. In this review, we outline the different cytoskeletal components regulating the properties of CSCs and discuss current and ongoing therapeutic strategies targeting the cytoskeleton.

Prognosis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma patients stratified by age: A research relied on SEER database.

Objective: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma may affect patients of any age. To date, there are only a limited number of large data studies on renal clear cell carcinoma in different age groups. This study assessed CCRCC risk factors in different age groups using the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database.

Prognostic factors and individualized nomograms predicting overall survival in stage IV rectal cancer patients with different metastatic status: a SEER-based study.

Background: The prognosis of rectal cancer patients with different metastatic status was significantly different. Our aim was to identify prognostic factors for metastatic rectal cancer (mRC) patients with different metastatic status and to construct specific nomograms to predict overall survival (OS).

Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed mRC patients from 2010 to 2016 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program database.

The Extracellular Matrix: A Key Accomplice of Cancer Stem Cell Migration, Metastasis Formation, and Drug Resistance in PDAC.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is rich in dense fibrotic stroma that are composed of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. A disruption of the balance between ECM synthesis and secretion and the altered expression of matrix remodeling enzymes lead to abnormal ECM dynamics in PDAC. This pathological ECM promotes cancer growth, survival, invasion, and alters the behavior of fibroblasts and immune cells leading to metastasis formation and chemotherapy resistance, which contribute to the high lethality of PDAC.

The new 'coN' staging system combining lymph node metastasis and tumour deposit provides a more accurate prognosis for TNM stage III colon cancer.

Objective: Despite controversy over its origin and definition, the significance of tumour deposit (TD) has been underestimated in the tumour node metastasis (TNM) staging system for colon cancer, especially in stage III patients. We aimed to further confirm the prognostic value of TD in stage III colon cancer and to establish a more accurate 'coN' staging system combining TD and lymph node metastasis (LNM).

Methods: Information on stage III colon cancer patients with a definite TD status was retrospectively collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database between 2010 and 2017.

Survival effects of primary and metastatic surgical treatment in metastatic small intestinal tumors: A propensity score-matching study.

Objective: To analyze the effects of primary tumor resection and metastatic lesion resection on the survival of metastatic small intestinal tumors.

Methods: The research subjects were patients with metastatic small bowel tumors identified from 2004 to 2016 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Propensity score matching and Kaplan-Meier analyses were performed to analyze the effect of surgery on the prognosis.

The Survival Effect of Radiotherapy on Stage IIB/III Pancreatic Cancer Undergone Surgery in Different Age and Tumor Site Groups: A Propensity Scores Matching Analysis Based on SEER Database.

Background: It remains controversial whether radiotherapy (RT) improves survival in patients with stage IIB/III PDAC. A growing number of studies have found that patients' age at diagnosis and tumor site not only affect prognosis, but also may lead to different treatment responses. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to verify whether the survival effect of radiotherapy in patients with stage IIB/III PDAC varies across age and tumor site groups.

Extracellular Matrix Stiffness: New Areas Affecting Cell Metabolism.

In recent years, in-depth studies have shown that extracellular matrix stiffness plays an important role in cell growth, proliferation, migration, immunity, malignant transformation, and apoptosis. Most of these processes entail metabolic reprogramming of cells. However, the exact mechanism through which extracellular matrix stiffness leads to metabolic reprogramming remains unclear.

Development and validation of prognostic nomograms for early-onset locally advanced colon cancer.

Background: The incidence of colorectal cancer in patients younger than 50 years has been increasing in recent years.

Objective: Develop and validate prognostic nomograms predicting overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) for early-onset locally advanced colon cancer (EOLACC) based on the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.

Results: The entire cohort comprised 13,755 patients with EOLACC.

Sequence-dependent base-stacking stabilities guide tRNA folding energy landscapes.

The folding of bacterial tRNAs with disparate sequences has been observed to proceed in distinct folding mechanisms despite their structural similarity. To explore the folding landscapes of tRNA, we performed ion concentration-dependent coarse-grained TIS model MD simulations of several E. coli tRNAs to compare their thermodynamic melting profiles to the classical absorbance spectra of Crothers and co-workers.