Curcumin Ameliorates Age-Induced Tight Junction Impaired in Porcine Sertoli Cells by Inactivating the NLRP3 Inflammasome through the AMPK/SIRT3/SOD2/mtROS Signaling Pathway.

Blood-testis barrier (BTB) made of concomitant junction apparatus between Sertoli cells (SCs) is crucial for spermatogenesis. The tight junction (TJ) function is impaired in SCs with age, exhibiting an intimate relationship to testicular dysfunction induced by age. In this study, compared with those in young boars, TJ proteins (i.

HPLC-QTRAP-MS-based metabolomics approach investigates the formation mechanisms of meat quality and flavor of Beijing You chicken.

Chicken meat quality and flavor are determined by abundant metabolites. In this study, HPLC-QTRAP-MS-based metabolomic analysis was used to evaluate the characteristic metabolites in the breast muscle of Beijing You chickens aged 56, 98, and 120 days. A total of 544 metabolites in 32 categories were identified, among which amino acids and organic acids were the most abundant.

Effects of dietary pretreated Chinese herbal medicine supplementation on production performance, egg quality, uterine histopathological changes, and antioxidant capacity in late-phase laying hens.

The study aimed to evaluate the effects of pretreated Chinese herbal medicine (PCHM) on egg quality, production performance, histopathological changes in the uterus, antiox idant capacity, and antioxidant gene expression in late-phase layers. Jinghong No.1 layers (n = 360, 68 weeks old) were assigned randomly to one of f our dietary interventions.

Natural Astaxanthin Improves Testosterone Synthesis and Sperm Mitochondrial Function in Aging Roosters.

Spermatogenesis, sperm motility, and apoptosis are dependent on the regulation of glandular hormones and mitochondria. Natural astaxanthin (ASTA) has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties. The present study evaluates the effects of ASTA on testosterone synthesis and mitochondrial function in aging roosters.

Dietary supplementation with selenomethionine enhances antioxidant capacity and selenoprotein gene expression in layer breeder roosters.

This study's objective was to investigate the effects of dietary Se (in the form of selenomethionine) on the antioxidant activity and selenoprotein gene expressions in layer breeder roosters. One hundred and eighty, 36-wk-old Jingfen layer breeder roosters were randomly allocated to one of 5 dietary treatments (0, 0.25, 0.

RhoA improves cryopreservation of rooster sperm through the Rho/RhoA-associated kinase/cofilin pathway.

Cryopreservation of rooster sperm leads to relatively low semen quality due to cytoskeletal damage during the freeze-thawing process. This study aimed to explore how the addition of RhoA recombinant protein affected the viability and subcellular structure of rooster sperm after freeze-thawing and elucidated the molecular mechanisms of sperm cryopreservation. Semen quality and acrosome integrity testing revealed that the addition of 0.

Specific activation of embryonic IFNAR1 and endometrial IFNAR2 induced by embryonic IFNτ directs normal uterine fate for bovine early implantation.

Interferon-tau (IFNτ), as an antiluteolytic factor secreted by trophoderm during the pregnancy of ruminants, actually functions by activating the IFNτ receptor 1 (IFNAR1) and IFNτ receptor 2 (IFNAR2). However, it has not been clearly understood how IFNτ-IFNAR cascade regulation processes between the embryo and uterine epithelial cells in ruminants. In this study, we found the expression and location of IFNτ in the bovine blastocysts from different production sources.

Heat stress and hypoxia inhibit the secretion of androgens and induce epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition associated with activated TGF-β/Smad signalling in canine cryptorchidism.

Cryptorchidism, as a common congenital disease of canine testes, is mainly caused by factors leading to endocrine abnormalities in testes and infertility in a heat stress and hypoxia microenvironment. Moreover, heat stress and hypoxia, as critical microenvironmental factors, promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which occurs during adult tissue remodelling responses including carcinogenesis and fibrosis and is the main cause of testicular tumours. In this study, we found by haematoxylin-eosin staining that the canine cryptorchid tissue produced a lot of collagen fibres.

Cathepsin L involved in the freezing resistance of murine normal hatching embryos and dormant embryos.

The cryopreservation of mammalian embryos is an important technology in embryo engineering. The discovery and application of the embryo's own high freezing resistance factors are the main methods to improve the utilization of mammalian embryos in cryopreservation. Cathepsin L gene expression in the frozen and thawed dormant embryos displayed a significant difference from those normal hatched ones.

Dihydrotestosterone through blockade of TGF-β/Smad signaling mediates the anti-fibrosis effect under hypoxia in canine Sertoli cells.

The hypoxic microenvironment of cryptorchidism is an important factor to induce the impairment of the structure and function of Sertoli cells and thus lead to spermatogenesis loss or tumorigenesis. Dihydrotestosterone (DHT), as a potent nonaromatizable 5α-reduced androgen, has both positive and negative effect on pathological fibrosis process. However, it is still unknown whether DHT can regulate hypoxia-induced fibrosis of Sertoli cells.

Epididymal mRNA and miRNA transcriptome analyses reveal important genes and miRNAs related to sperm motility in roosters.

Sperm motility is a crucial trait in chicken production, and the epididymis is an essential organ in the reproductive system. Currently, the molecular mechanisms underlying sperm motility in the epididymis are unclear. In this study, 8 cDNA libraries and eight miRNA libraries were constructed from roosters (4 chickens per group) with diverse sperm motility.

Evolutionary epigenomic analyses in mammalian early embryos reveal species-specific innovations and conserved principles of imprinting.

While mouse remains the most popular model, the conservation of parental-to-embryonic epigenetic transition across mammals is poorly defined. Through analysis of oocytes and early embryos in human, bovine, porcine, rat, and mouse, we revealed remarkable species-specific innovations as no single animal model fully recapitulates the human epigenetic transition. In rodent oocytes, transcription-dependent DNA methylation allows methylation of maternal imprints but not intergenic paternal imprints.

Natural astaxanthin enhanced antioxidant capacity and improved semen quality through the MAPK/Nrf2 pathway in aging layer breeder roosters.

Background: Natural astaxanthin (ASTA) has strong antioxidant properties and has been widely used as a health product to improve human health. However, the effects of ASTA on the reproductive performance of aging roosters have been poorly studied. We aimed to investigate the effects of dietary ASTA on semen quality and antioxidant capacity in aging roosters and to explore the potential mechanism of semen quality change via anti-oxidation defense system.

Exosomes derived from placental trophoblast cells regulate endometrial epithelial receptivity in dairy cows during pregnancy.

Inadequate fetomaternal interactions could directly lead to pregnancy failure in dairy cows. Exosomes are widely involved in endometrial matrix remodeling, immune function changes, placental development, and other processes of embryo implantation and pregnancy in dairy cows. However, the role of exosomes derived from placental trophoblast cells in regulating the receptivity of endometrial cells and facilitating fetomaternal interaction remains unclear.

GPER mediates the IL6/JAK2/STAT3 pathway involved in VEGF expression in swine ovary GCs.

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a pivotal role in angiogenesis in ovaries, particularly during follicular development and ovulation. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is one of the major pro-inflammatory factors that are involved in the angiogenesis process physiologically and pathologically. Previous studies have shown that 17β-estradiol (E2) stimulates VEGF expression by upregulating hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) in many cell types, and the high level of E2 causes an inflammatory-like microenvironment before ovulation.

Dihydrotestosterone regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 expression in bovine endometrial epithelium cells by androgen receptor mediated EGFR/PI3K/Akt pathway.

Uterine prostaglandins F2α (PGF2α) is essential for implantation, initiation of luteolysis and delivery. Previous studies have demonstrated that the expression of Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), an enzyme limiting PGF2α rate, is regulated by steroid hormones, and also dihydrotestosterone (DHT) may be involved in regulating COX-2 expression both positively and negatively. However, it remains unclear how whether DHT regulates COX-2 expression and consequent PGF2α release in bovine endometrial epithelial cells (EECs).

Dietary supplementation with natural astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis improves antioxidant enzyme activity, free radical scavenging ability, and gene expression of antioxidant enzymes in laying hens.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of natural astaxanthin (ASTA) from Haematococcus pluvialis on production performance, egg quality, antioxidant enzyme activity, free radical scavenging ability, and gene expression of antioxidant enzymes in laying hens. Nongda No. 3 laying hens (n = 450) were randomly allocated to 1 of 5 dietary treatments.

circHIPK3 regulates proliferation and differentiation of myoblast through the miR-7/TCF12 pathway.

Skeletal muscle development is a complex biological process involving multiple key genes, signaling pathways and noncoding RNAs, including microRNAs and circular RNAs (circRNAs). However, the regulatory relationship among them is so complicated that it has not yet been fully elucidated. In this study, we found that miR-7 inhibited C2C12 cell proliferation and differentiation by targeting transcription factor 12 (TCF12).

Effects of supplementing natural astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis to laying hens on egg quality during storage at 4°C and 25°C.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different levels of dietary natural astaxanthin (ASTA) (from the microalga Haematococcus pluvialis) and storage at 4°C and 25°C on the quality of eggs from laying hens. Nongda No. 3 laying hens (n = 450) were randomly allocated to 1 of 5 dietary treatments.

Exosomes from bovine endometrial epithelial cells ensure trophoblast cell development by miR-218 targeting secreted frizzled related protein 2.

Endometritis is a common disease affecting fertility in cows during the perinatal period, which disturbs the molecular milieu of the uterine environment and impairs embryo development and implantation. Exosomes are important extracellular components that transmit a variety of micro RNAs (miRNAs), which perform key regulatory functions. In this study, we investigated plasma exosomal miRNAs from cows with endometritis and from cultured endometrial epithelial cells (EECs) challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to explore the role of EEC-derived exosomes and their miRNAs in bovine endometritis.

Effects of dietary supplementation of natural astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis on antioxidant capacity, lipid metabolism, and accumulation in the egg yolk of laying hens.

The present study evaluated the effects of natural astaxanthin (ASTA) from Haematococcus pluvialis on the antioxidant capacity, lipid metabolism, and ASTA accumulation in the egg yolk of laying hens. Hy-Line Brown layers (n = 288, 50 wk old) were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 dietary treatment groups. Each group had 6 replicates of 12 hens each.

An integrated analysis of testis miRNA and mRNA transcriptome reveals important functional miRNA-targets in reproduction traits of roosters.

The reproductive efficiency of roosters is an important trait in poultry production; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying this trait are not clearly understood. Here, we compared the mRNA and microRNA (miRNA) transcriptomes of testis from roosters with divergent sperm motility. A total of 302 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 182 upregulated genes and 120 downregulated genes, were identified in high sperm motility groups compared with low sperm motility groups.

Comparative transcriptome analysis digs out genes related to antifreeze between fresh and frozen-thawed rooster sperm.

The objective of this study was to investigate differences in mRNA expression between fresh and frozen-thawed sperm in roosters. In trial 1, gene expression profiles were measured using microarray with Affymetrix GeneChip Chicken Genome Arrays. The results showed that 2,115 genes were differentially expressed between the 2 groups.

Identification of Differentially Expressed MicroRNAs and Their Potential Target Genes in Adipose Tissue from Pigs with Highly Divergent Backfat Thickness.

Fatty traits are very important in pig production. However, the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in fat deposition is not clearly understood. In this study, we compared adipose miRNAs from three full-sibling pairs of female Landrace pigs, with high and low backfat thickness, to investigate the associated regulatory network.