Move Your Body toward Healthy Aging: Potential Neuroprotective Mechanisms of Irisin in Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia in older adults, having a significant global burden and increasing prevalence. Current treatments for AD only provide symptomatic relief and do not cure the disease. Physical activity has been extensively studied as a potential preventive measure against cognitive decline and AD.

Dibutyl phthalate disrupts energy metabolism and morphology in the gills and induces hepatotoxicity in zebrafish.

This study investigated the acute effects of dibutyl phthalate (DBP) exposure on energy metabolism and gill histology in zebrafish (Danio rerio). The in vitro incubation of gill tissue with 10 μM DBP for 60 min altered tissue energy supply, as shown by decreased lactate content and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity. Higher concentrations of DBP (100 μM and 1 mM) increased lactate content and LDH activity; however, they blocked glucose uptake, depleted the glycogen content in cellular stores, and induced injury to the gills, as measured by LDH release to the extracellular medium.

Calcium influx and spermatogenesis in the testis and liver enzyme activities in the zebrafish are rapidly modulated by the calcium content of the water.

This study investigated the effects of varying environmental Ca concentrations on the influx of Ca to the testis, testicular morphology, and liver enzymes in the zebrafish. Adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) were held in water containing low (0.02 mM), control (0.

In vivo and in vitro short-term bisphenol A exposures disrupt testicular energy metabolism and negatively impact spermatogenesis in zebrafish.

This study investigated the in vitro and short-term in vivo effects of Bisphenol A (BPA) on testicular energy metabolism and morphology in the zebrafish (Danio rerio). Testes were incubated in vitro for 1 h or fish were exposed in vivo to BPA in the tank water for 12 h. Testicular lactate, glycogen and cholesterol were measured and C-deoxy-d-glucose uptake and activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were determined.

Folic Acid Supplementation in the Gestational Phase of Female Rats Improves Age-Related Memory Impairment and Neuroinflammation in Their Adult and Aged Offspring.

Folic acid (FA) supplementation is important during pregnancy to avoid malformations in the offspring. However, it is unknown if it can affect the offspring throughout their lives. To evaluate the offspring, female mother rats (dams) were separated into 5 groups: Four groups received the AIN-93 diet, divided into control and FA (5, 10, and 50 mg/kg), and an additional group received a FA-deficient diet, and the diet was performed during pregnancy and lactation.

Dibutyl phthalate rapidly alters calcium homeostasis in the gills of Danio rerio.

This study investigates the impacts of exposure to an environment Ca challenge and the mechanism of action of dibutyl phthalate (DBP) on Ca influx in the gills of Danio rerio. In vitro profile of Ca influx in gills was verified through the basal time-course. Fish were exposed to low, normal and high Ca concentrations (0.

Role of bisphenol A on calcium influx and its potential toxicity on the testis of Danio rerio.

This study investigated the acute in vitro effect of low-concentration bisphenol A (BPA) on calcium (Ca) influx in zebrafish (Danio rerio) testis and examined whether intracellular Ca was involved in the effects of BPA on testicular toxicity. In vitro studies on Ca influx were performed in the testes after incubation with BPA for 30 min. Inhibitors were added 15 min before the addition of Ca and BPA to testes to study the mechanism of action of BPA.

Acute exposure to bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate disrupts calcium homeostasis, energy metabolism and induces oxidative stress in the testis of Danio rerio.

Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (BEHP) negatively affects testicular functions in different animal species, disturbing reproductive physiology and male fertility. The present study investigated the in vitro acute effect of BEHP on the mechanism of action of ionic calcium (Ca) homeostasis and energy metabolism. In addition, the effect of BEHP on oxidative stress was studied in vitro and in vivo in the testis of Danio rerio (D.

Fern-9(11)-ene-2α,3β-diol Action on Insulin Secretion under Hyperglycemic Conditions.

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect and the mechanism of action of fernenediol as an insulin secretagogue. Wistar rats were treated with 0.1, 1, and 10 mg/kg fernenediol before inducing hyperglycemia by oral glucose.

The oral administration of D-galactose induces abnormalities within the mitochondrial respiratory chain in the brain of rats.

D-Galactose (D-gal) chronic administration via intraperitoneal and subcutaneous routes has been used as a model of aging and Alzheimer disease in rodents. Intraperitoneal and subcutaneous administration of D-gal causes memory impairments, a reduction in the neurogenesis of adult mice, an increase in the levels of the amyloid precursor protein and oxidative damage; However, the effects of oral D-gal remain unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the oral administration of D-gal induces abnormalities within the mitochondrial respiratory chain of rats.