Mental Health Morbidities and their Correlates among the Adolescents in Kamrup (Metro), Assam: A School-Based Study.

Background: India has the largest adolescent population worldwide, and among this group, mental health issues account for 16% of the total global burden of disease and injury. Disturbingly, approximately half of these health conditions manifest before the age of 14 years. To assess the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress along with its correlates among the adolescents in the schools of Kamrup (Metro) district, Assam.

Effect of age, sex and physiological stages on hematological indices of Banni buffalo (Bubalus bubalis).

Aim: To determine the physiological baseline values for hematological indices of Banni buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) as well as to assess their alteration due to age, sex and physiological stages.

Materials And Methods: A total of 42 clinically healthy Banni buffaloes were categorized into seven groups (n=6): Group I (male calves ≤1 year), Group II (bulls >1 year), Group III (female calves ≤1 year), Group IV (pregnant lactating buffaloes), Group V (non-pregnant lactating buffaloes), Group VI (pregnant dry buffaloes), and Group VII (non-pregnant dry buffaloes). Blood samples collected aseptically from all the experimental groups were analyzed employing automated hematology analyzer.

Lingual antimicrobial peptide expresses in buffalo mammary gland.

Mammalian beta-defensins are innate host defense peptides with potential as a therapeutic agent. Present study reports expression of beta-defensin mRNA transcript in teat mucosal layer of Bubalus bubalis, which is homologous to lingual antimicrobial peptide (LAP) of cattle. The PCR-amplified and cloned full-length cDNA encodes for a putative peptide of 64 residues ( approximately 7 kDa) with pI of 11.

Beta-defensin antibiotic peptides in the innate immunity of the buffalo: in vivo and in vitro studies.

Beta-defensin antimicrobial peptides are multifunctional biomolecules, which are a major component of the oxygen-independent microbicidal system of buffalo polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells. They have great potential for use as proteomic biomarkers of host cell responses in the presence of microbial agents. On purifying these peptides by RP-HPLC, four defensin peptides were revealed.

Molecular characterization of cDNA encoding B. taurus cathelicidin-7 like antibiotic peptide from bone marrow cells of Bubalus bubalis.

Cathelicidins represent a diverse family of endogenous cationic antibiotic peptide present in all mammalian species. In the present study, a novel cathelicidin cDNA was identified and characterized from bone marrow cells of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) using RT-PCR based approach. The cDNA encodes a propeptide of 1.

In vitro effects of certain membrane-acting agents on superoxide and hydrogen peroxide production, protein synthesis and membrane ATPase activity in buffalo PMN cells.

Polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells play a key role in innate immunity, due to their ability to produce reactive oxidants such as superoxide (O(2-)) and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), and to release antimicrobial proteins and peptides stored in their lysosomal granules. In the present study, the effects of the activation of buffalo PMN cells with various membrane-acting agents were evaluated in terms of O(2-) and H(2)O(2) production, the activities of membrane ATPases, and protein synthesis. Studies involving the incorporation of (35)S-methionine revealed significant protein-synthesising ability in resting PMN cells and in cells treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), as well as with opsonised zymosan (OZ).

Cloning and characterization of novel cathelicidin cDNA sequence of Bubalus bubalis homologous to Bos taurus cathelicidin-4.

Cathelicidin synthesized by bone marrow cells plays an important role in neutralizing invading pathogens. In the present study, the myeloid cathelicidin cDNA from Bubalus bubalis has been cloned and characterized. RNA from bone marrow of buffalo ribs was extracted, reverse transcribed and amplified using specific pair of primer designed from published cathelicidin-4 cDNA sequences of Bos taurus popularly known as indolicidin.