Melanoma With Cardiac Metastasis.

Melanoma is considered a masquerader of many diseases owing to its potential to metastasize to many organs. Several malignancies can metastasize to the heart including malignant melanoma. Historically, antemortem diagnosis of cardiac involvement of melanoma is not common, but with significant improvement in imaging modalities, the diagnosis can now be made early and accurately, aiding in treatment and improved survival.

Right atrial mass-multimodality imaging-Massive lipomatous hypertrophy of the atrial septum.

Asymptomatic cardiac masses are often diagnosed incidentally. Massive lipomatous hypertrophy can be confused for other cardiac masses and need careful evaluation including multimodality imaging to manage appropriately.

Early morphological changes in cardiac mitochondria after subcutaneous administration of trastuzumab in rabbits: possible prevention with oral selenium supplementation.

Trastuzumab-mediated cardiotoxicity poses a significant challenge in the treatment of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer. To understand the underlying mechanisms, we conducted experiments to determine ultrastructural changes of rabbit cardiac tissue under different experimental conditions, including differing doses of trastuzumab and supplementation with oral sodium selenite, an antioxidant. Histopathology revealed lymphocyte and macrophage infiltration in myocardium of rabbits receiving four doses of trastuzumab.

Metformin and Angiogenesis in Cancer - Revisited.

Several clinical studies demonstrated that diabetic patients treated with metformin were less likely to develop vascular complications, independent of glycemic control. It was also demonstrated that the large variety of metformin's vascular actions can be seen in nondiabetic conditions. Metformin has an interesting potential to treat vascular dysfunction and tumor angiogenesis in conditions beyond diabetes.

Antipsychotic Therapy-Induced New Onset Diabetic Ketoacidosis.

Atypical antipsychotics are very widely used for various psychiatric ailments because of their less extrapyramidal side effects. Various reports of disturbances in glucose metabolism in the form of new onset diabetes mellitus, exacerbation of preexisting diabetes mellitus, diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperosmolar nonketotic coma, acute pancreatitis, and increased adiposity have been reported. We present a case of new onset diabetic ketoacidosis in a patient without a history of glucose intolerance who was being treated with olanzapine for bipolar disorder.

A different type of dominoes in the stomach.

Ingestion of foreign bodies is one of the common causes of emergency department visits. History, physical examination, and noninvasive imaging such as plain radiography and computer tomography scan can guide us regarding the type and location of the ingested foreign body. Most of the patients can be managed conservatively but few may need endoscopic evaluation and treatment.

Engraftment syndrome after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation predicts poor outcomes.

Engraftment syndrome (ES), characterized by fever, rash, pulmonary edema, weight gain, liver and renal dysfunction, and/or encephalopathy, occurs at the time of neutrophil recovery after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). In this study, we evaluated the incidence, clinical features, risk factors, and outcomes of ES in children and adults undergoing first-time allogeneic HCT. Among 927 patients, 119 (13%) developed ES at a median of 10 days (interquartile range 9 to 12) after HCT.

HER2 status in elderly women with breast cancer.

Objectives: HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) is an important biomarker in breast cancer, but its prevalence in elderly women is not well established. Previous studies reported HER2 status based on either immunohistochemistry (IHC) or fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) interchangeably. However, the tests may give discordant results.

An unusual cause of altered mental status in elderly-acute cerebellitis: a case report and review.

Acute cerebellitis is a rare diagnosis found mostly in the pediatric population. The etiology, in most instances, is unknown. We describe the case of a 61-year-old woman who presented with acute mental status changes, signs of cerebellar dysfunction, and MRI findings of acute cerebellitis.

Gastric sarcoidosis: a rare clinical presentation.

Gastrointestinal (GI) sarcoidosis is a very rare disease, which clinically presents along with systemic disease or as an isolated finding. Gastric sarcoidosis is the most common form of GI sarcoidosis. Symptomatic gastric sarcoidosis is rare and only few case reports have been described in the literature with well-documented histological evidence of noncaseating granulomas.

New onset hypertension-rare intimal variant fibromuscular dysplasia.

Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) involving the renal arteries commonly presents as hypertension secondary to renal artery stenosis. Atypical patterns involving intima are rare and contribute to less than 10% cases of FMD. We present a relatively uncommon case of new onset hypertension in a 30-year-old woman resulting from intimal variant FMD involving the left renal artery.

Sudden cause of cardiac death-be aware of me: a case report and short review on brugada syndrome.

Introduction. Brugada syndrome accounts for about 4% of sudden cardiac deaths (SCD). It is characterized by an ST-segment elevation in the right precordial electrocardiogram (EKG) leads.

Lambl's excrescences: a rare cause of stroke.

Cardiogenic cerebral embolism is believed to be responsible over 25% of all ischemic strokes. Since 1856, Lambl's description of small excrescences on the aortic valves has attracted widespread attention and controversy. With the increasing use of transesophageal echocardiography, ever-increasing valvular strands are being detected.

Left ventricular noncompaction and myocardial fibrosis: a case report.

Background: Left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) is a rare congenital abnormality. It is currently classified as a genetic cardiomyopathy and results from early arrest of endomyocardial morphogenesis. The pathophysiology of left ventricular dysfunction, which becomes apparent beyond the 4th decade of life, is unclear.