Prevalence and prognostic significance of depressive symptoms in a geriatric post-hip fracture assessment.

Objectives: To investigate the prevalence and prognostic significance of post-hip fracture depressive symptoms.

Methods: A naturalistic clinical cohort study. Data were collected on admission to hospital, geriatric assessment 4-6 months post-fracture and by telephone interview one-year post fracture.

In-Hospital Delirium as a Prognostic Factor for New Cognitive Disorder in a 1-Year Post-Hip Fracture Follow-Up.

Background: Older hip fracture patients are at high risk of delirium during acute hospital care. Pre-fracture dementia is known to increase the risk of in-hospital delirium. Data on the development of new cognitive disorders in patients with delirium are scarce.

Hepatic Ultrasonography Compared With Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging at Diagnosis of Metastatic Uveal Melanoma.

Purpose: To evaluate the consistency of hepatic ultrasonography (US) with staging computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), to analyze why US was inconsistent with CT/MRI, and to compare CT/MRI.

Design: Reliability analysis.

Methods: Two hundred fifteen patients whose primary uveal melanoma was managed in the Helsinki University Hospital and who were diagnosed with hepatic metastases by US within 60 days of staging CT/MRI from January 1999 to December 2016 were included.

Effect of pre-operative oral carbohydrate loading on recovery after day-case cholecystectomy: A randomised controlled trial.

Background: Pre-operative carbohydrate loading has been shown to reduce pre-operative discomfort and postoperative nausea and vomiting in general surgical patients. Few studies have considered day-case surgery.

Objective: The aim of this prospective randomised study was to determine whether pre-operative carbohydrate loading enhanced recovery after day-case cholecystectomy.

Detection of Pancreatic Cancer by Urine Volatile Organic Compound Analysis.

Background/aim: Most pancreatic cancer patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage, since the diagnosis is demanding. Field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS) is a sensitive technique used for the detection of volatile organic compounds (VOC). We evaluated the ability of FAIMS to discriminate between pancreatic cancer and healthy controls from a urine sample.

Predictive value of the mini-nutritional assessment short form (MNA-SF) and nutritional risk screening (NRS2002) in hip fracture.

Background/objectives: To examine Mini-Nutritional Assessment short form (MNA-SF) and Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS2002) as prognostic indicators of postoperative complications, length of hospital stay (LOS), readmissions, mobility, living arrangements and mortality after hip fracture.

Subjects/methods: Population-based prospective data were collected on 265 consecutive hip fracture patients aged 65 and over. Nutritional status according to MNA-SF and NRS2002 was assessed on admission.

Composition, structure and tensile biomechanical properties of equine articular cartilage during growth and maturation.

Articular cartilage undergoes structural and biochemical changes during maturation, but the knowledge on how these changes relate to articular cartilage function at different stages of maturation is lacking. Equine articular cartilage samples of four different maturation levels (newborn, 5-month-old, 11-month-old and adult) were collected (N = 25). Biomechanical tensile testing, Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy (FTIR-MS) and polarized light microscopy were used to study the tensile, biochemical and structural properties of articular cartilage, respectively.

Comparison of the Mini-Nutritional Assessment short and long form and serum albumin as prognostic indicators of hip fracture outcomes.

Introduction: Malnutrition is common among older hip fracture patients and associated with adverse outcomes. We examined Mini Nutritional Assessment short (MNA-SF) and long form (MNA-LF) and serum albumin as prognostic indicators of mobility, living arrangements and mortality after hip fracture.

Methods: Population-based prospective data were collected on 594 hip fracture patients aged 65 and over.

Can Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Prevent Recurrent Idiopathic Acute Pancreatitis?: A Prospective Randomized Multicenter Trial.

Objective: The aim of the present trial was to ascertain whether laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LCC) can prevent recurrent attacks of idiopathic acute pancreatitis (IAP).

Summary: Up to 50% to 75% of IAP may be due to microlithiasis, which is undetectable by conventional imaging methods.

Methods: This randomized, prospective trial included 85 patients (39 in the LCC and 46 in the control group) in 8 hospitals in Finland.

Short-term exercise-induced improvements in bone properties are for the most part not maintained during aging in hamsters.

Physical exercise during growth affects composition, structure and mechanical properties of bone. In this study we investigated whether the beneficial effects of exercise during the early growth phase have long-lasting effects or not. Female Syrian golden hamsters (total n=152) were used in this study.

Infrared spectroscopic analysis of human and bovine articular cartilage proteoglycans using carbohydrate peak or its second derivative.

Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy has been used to estimate the spatial proteoglycan (PG) and collagen contents in articular cartilage (AC). However, it is not clear whether the results of FTIR analyses are consistent between different species. Our aim was to clarify how three different FTIR PG parameters in use, i.

Application of second derivative spectroscopy for increasing molecular specificity of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic imaging of articular cartilage.

Objective: Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopic imaging is a promising method that enables the analysis of spatial distribution of biochemical components within histological sections. However, analysis of FT-IR spectroscopic data is complicated since absorption peaks often overlap with each other. Second derivative spectroscopy is a technique which enhances the separation of overlapping peaks.

Age-related changes in organization and content of the collagen matrix in rabbit cortical bone.

The organization and composition of the collagen matrix of cortical bone changes as the bone matures due to growth and mechanical loading. We aimed to investigate the composition and organization of the collagen matrix in rabbit cortical bone during maturation using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy and polarized light microscopy (PLM). FTIR and PLM findings were compared to biochemical analysis from an earlier study.

Comparison between infrared and Raman spectroscopic analysis of maturing rabbit cortical bone.

The molecular composition of the organic and inorganic matrices of bone undergoes alterations during maturation. The aim of this study was to compare Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and near-infrared (NIR) Raman microspectroscopy techniques for characterization of the composition of growing and developing bone from young to skeletally mature rabbits. Moreover, the specificity and differences of the techniques for determining bone composition were clarified.

Early bone growth on the surface of titanium implants in rat femur is enhanced by an amorphous diamond coating.

Background And Purpose: Amorphous diamond (AD) is a durable and compatible biomaterial for joint prostheses. Knowledge regarding bone growth on AD-coated implants and their early-stage osseointegration is poor. We investigated bone growth on AD-coated cementless intramedullary implants implanted in rats.

Minor influence of lifelong voluntary exercise on composition, structure, and incidence of osteoarthritis in tibial articular cartilage of mice compared with major effects caused by growth, maturation, and aging.

We investigated the effects of lifelong voluntary exercise on articular cartilage of mice. At the age of 4 weeks C57BL mice (n = 152) were divided into two groups, with one group serving as a sedentary control whereas the other was allowed free access to a running wheel from the age of 1 month onward. Mice were euthanized at four different time points (1, 2, 6, and 18 months of age).

Infrared spectroscopy reveals both qualitative and quantitative differences in equine subchondral bone during maturation.

The collagen phase in bone is known to undergo major changes during growth and maturation. The objective of this study is to clarify whether Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy, coupled with cluster analysis, can detect quantitative and qualitative changes in the collagen matrix of subchondral bone in horses during maturation and growth. Equine subchondral bone samples (n = 29) from the proximal joint surface of the first phalanx are prepared from two sites subjected to different loading conditions.

Rabbit cortical bone tissue increases its elastic stiffness but becomes less viscoelastic with age.

Bone is dynamic tissue undergoing changes in its composition, structure and functional properties during growth. It has been proposed that especially changes in the collagen phase of bone are responsible for making the bone more fragile, and potentially less viscoelastic with age. Hence, robust methods to measure viscoelasticitiy are needed.

Quantitative analysis of collagen network structure and fibril dimensions in cartilage repair with autologous chondrocyte transplantation.

Objective: The aim of this study was to undertake a stereological analysis to quantify the dimensions of the collagen network in the repair tissue of porcine joints after they had been subjected to autologous chondrocyte transplantation (ACT).

Method: ACT was used to repair cartilage lesions in knee joints of pigs. Electron-microscopic stereology, immunostaining for type II collagen, and quantitative polarized-light microscopy were utilized to study the collagen fibrils in the repair tissue 3 and 12 months after the operation.

Effects of growth and exercise on composition, structural maturation and appearance of osteoarthritis in articular cartilage of hamsters.

Articular cartilage composition and structure are maintained and remodeled by chondrocytes under the influence of loading. Exercise-induced changes in the composition, structure, mechanical properties and tissue integrity of growing and aging hamster articular cartilage were investigated. Articular cartilage samples (n = 191) were harvested from the proximal tibiae of hamsters aged 1, 3, 6, 12 and 15 months.

Collagen and mineral deposition in rabbit cortical bone during maturation and growth: effects on tissue properties.

We characterized the composition and mechanical properties of cortical bone during maturation and growth and in adult life in the rabbit. We hypothesized that the collagen network develops earlier than the mineralized matrix. Growth was monitored, and the rabbits were euthanized at birth (newborn), and at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 18 months of age.

Maturation of collagen fibril network structure in tibial and femoral cartilage of rabbits.

Objective: The structure and composition of articular cartilage change during development and growth, as well as in response to varying loading conditions. These changes modulate the functional properties of cartilage. We studied maturation-related changes in the collagen network organization of cartilage as a function of tissue depth.

Quantitative analysis of spatial proteoglycan content in articular cartilage with Fourier transform infrared imaging spectroscopy: Critical evaluation of analysis methods and specificity of the parameters.

Objective: To evaluate the specificity of the current Fourier transform infrared imaging spectroscopy (FT-IRIS) methods for the determination of depthwise proteoglycan (PG) content in articular cartilage (AC). In addition, curve fitting was applied to study whether the specificity of FT-IRIS parameters for PG determination could be improved.

Methods: Two sample groups from the steer AC were prepared for the study (n = 8 samples/group).

Influence of intensity and changes of physical activity on bone mineral density of immature equine subchondral bone.

Reasons For Performing Study: Subchondral bone provides structural support to overlying articular cartilage and plays an important biomechanical role in osteochondral diseases. Mechanical features of bone correlate strongly with bone mineral density, which is directed by the loading conditions to which the tissue is subjected.

Objective: To investigate the influence of physical activity levels on subchondral bone mineral density (sBMD) in foals during early development.

Influence of exercise and joint topography on depth-related spatial distribution of proteoglycan and collagen content in immature equine articular cartilage.

Reasons For Performing Study: There is ample evidence on topographical heterogeneity of the principal biochemical components of articular cartilage over the surface of the joint and the influence of loading thereon, but no information on depth-related zonal variation in horses.

Objectives: To study depth-related zonal variation in proteoglycan (PG) and collagen content in equine articular cartilage.

Methods: Two techniques (safranin-O densitometry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) were applied to sections of articular cartilage from the proximal phalangeal bone of the metacarpophalangeal joint of 18-month-old Thoroughbreds that had been raised at pasture from age 0-18 months without (PASTEX) and with (CONDEX) additional exercise.