Virtual implantations to transition from porcine to bovine animal models for a total artificial heart.

Realheart total artificial heart (TAH) is a novel, pulsatile, four-chamber total artificial heart which had been successfully tested acutely in a porcine animal model. However, the bovine model is better suited for long-term testing and thus an evaluation of how the design would fit the bovine anatomy was required. Virtual implantation is a method that enables a computer simulated implantation based on anatomical 3D-models created from computer tomography images.

Meal size, satiety and cholecystokinin in gastrectomized humans.

A wealth of data supports the idea that the stomach and cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8) normally play important roles in meal size and satiety. We studied long-term gastrectomized humans to further evaluate this possibility. Ten humans, who were gastrectomized 8 (3-12) years earlier, and eight controls ate a meal from a plate placed on a scale connected to a computer and estimated their satiety every minute using a computerized rating scale.

A pilot study of long-term effects of a novel obesity treatment: omentectomy in connection with adjustable gastric banding.

Aim: To determine whether visceral fat reduction in connection with bariatric surgery could improve weight loss and metabolic profile of obese subjects.

Patients And Methods: In a one-center, randomized and controlled pilot trial we assigned 50 subjects with severe obesity (body mass index >35 kg/m(2)) to either adjustable gastric banding (AGB) alone (11 men and 14 women), or AGB plus surgical removal of the total greater omentum (11 men and 14 women). The patients were followed at regular intervals for 2 y and examined at 0 and 24 months with respect to body composition and metabolic profile.

Recurrence after colectomy in Crohn's colitis.

Purpose: Previous studies on recurrence and reoperation after colectomy in Crohn's colitis have been based on heterogeneous groups of patients, and divergent findings may be explained by referral biases and small numbers of patients. The aim of this study was to account for recurrence rates, present risk factors for recurrence after primary colectomy, and account for the ultimate risk of having a stoma after colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis in patients with Crohn's colitis.

Methods: Data on the primary resection, postoperative recurrence, influence of concomitant risk factors, frequency of stoma operations and proctectomy were evaluated retrospectively using multivariate analysis in a population-based cohort of 833 patients with Crohn's colitis.

Risk factors for surgery and recurrence in 907 patients with primary ileocaecal Crohn's disease.

Background: Previous studies on risk factors for resection and postoperative recurrence in Crohn's disease have given inconclusive results. The aim of this study was to assess the risk for resection and postoperative recurrence in the treatment of ileocaecal Crohn's disease and to define factors affecting the course of the disease.

Methods: A population-based cohort of 907 patients with primary ileocaecal Crohn's disease was reviewed retrospectively.

Risk factors for surgery and postoperative recurrence in Crohn's disease.

Objective: To assess the impact of possible risk factors on intestinal resection and postoperative recurrence in Crohn's disease (CD) and to evaluate the disease course.

Summary Background Data: The results of previous studies on possible risk factors for surgery and recurrence in Crohn's disease have been inconsistent. Varying findings may be explained by referral biases and small numbers of patients in some studies.

Increased risk of cancer in ulcerative colitis: a population-based cohort study.

Objective: There is an increased risk of colorectal cancer among patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). However, the overall and site specific cancer risks in these patients have been investigated to a limited extent. To study the association between UC and cancer, a population-based study of 1547 patients with UC in Stockholm diagnosed between 1955 and 1984 was carried out.

Complications following Swedish adjustable gastric banding: a long-term follow-up.

Background: The Swedish adjustable gastric band (SAGB) has been in use since 1985. The aim of this study was to analyze short and long-term complications linked to the SAGB.

Materials And Methods: Between August 1990 and December 1996, we operated on a series of 326 patients (78 men and 248 women) at the Huddinge University Hospital and the Norra Alvsborg County Hospital.

Oral budesonide for prevention of postsurgical recurrence in Crohn's disease. The IOIBD Budesonide Study Group.

Background & Aims: Prevention of postoperative recurrence after resection for Crohn's disease (CD) would be of great clinical benefit. The efficacy of oral budesonide for prevention of endoscopic recurrence was evaluated in patients undergoing resection for ileal or ileocecal CD.

Methods: Sixty-three patients received budesonide and 66 received placebo in a double-blind, randomized trial with parallel groups.

Clinical course of colorectal Crohn's disease: a 35-year follow-up study of 507 patients.

Background & Aims: Crohn's disease (CD) confined to the colon and rectum is an increasing clinical entity. The aim of this study was to assess the features and clinical course of colorectal CD.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of 507 patients in whom colonic or rectal CD had been diagnosed between 1955 and 1989.

Incidence of Crohn's disease in Stockholm County 1955-1989.

Aim: To evaluate the incidence of Crohn's disease in Stockholm County between 1955 and 1989.

Methods: A cohort of 1936 patients with Crohn's disease was retrospectively assembled. Incidence rates and changes in disease distribution were assessed.

The Swedish Adjustable Gastric Banding (SAGB) for morbid obesity: 9 year experience and a 4-year follow-up of patients operated with a new adjustable band.

Background: We have developed an adjustable gastric band in which the stoma diameter can be adjusted from the outside. A standardized technique was employed and the application of our band in terms of weight loss and complication rate was evaluated

Methods: Between August 1990 and November 1991, 50 patients (15 men and 35 women) were operated on by laparotomy. Their mean age at surgery was 41 (19-60) years.

Variation in adrenergic regulation of lipolysis between omental and subcutaneous adipocytes from obese and non-obese men.

Regional variations in adipocyte lipolysis between subcutaneous and visceral fat may be important for obesity complications. In the present study, we compared adrenergic regulation of lipolysis in omental and subcutaneous adipocytes from obese (n = 15) and non-obese (n = 14) male subjects. Waist-to-hip ratio, blood pressure, plasma insulin, and plasma triglycerides were increased in obesity.

Validation of Pouch Size Measurement Following the Swedish Adjustable Gastric Banding Using Endoscopy, MRI and Barium Swallow.

BACKGROUND: Pouch volume appears to be of major importance for subsequent weight loss following any gastric restriction type of surgery for morbid obesity. In order to be able to evaluate pouch volume following Swedish Adjustable Gastric Banding (SAGB), an endoscopic pouch volume classification system was designed in which pouch volume is classified in five categories. The aim of this study was to validate the endoscopic classification system using MRI and barium swallow as reference methods for pouch volume measurement.

Pouchitis following pelvic pouch operation for ulcerative colitis. Incidence, cumulative risk, and risk factors.

Aim: This study was undertaken to assess the risk for pouchitis in patients with ulcerative colitis who underwent surgery with colectomy, restorative pelvic pouch, and ileoanal anastomosis and to evaluate possible factors predictive for pouchitis development.

Patients And Methods: All patients receiving a pelvic pouch because of ulcerative colitis at Huddinge University Hospital between 1980 and 1993 (n = 149; 89 men) were prospectively evaluated for symptoms suggestive of pouchitis. Diagnosis of pouchitis was based on occurrence of certain symptoms in combination with endoscopic findings.

Survival and cause-specific mortality in inflammatory bowel disease: a population-based cohort study.

Background & Aims: A population-based cohort study of 1251 subjects with Crohn's disease and 1547 subjects with ulcerative colitis, diagnosed in Stockholm between 1955 and 1984, was performed to examine the survival, changes in survival over time, and cause-specific mortality.

Methods: The cohort of patients was followed up in the National Cause-of-Death register until 1990. National mortality rates were used for comparisons.

Crohn's disease and cancer: a population-based cohort study.

Background/aims: To study the association between Crohn's disease and cancer, we performed a population-based study of 1251 subjects with Crohn's disease diagnosed in Stockholm from 1955 to 1984 and followed in both the National Cancer Register and the National Cause-of-Death Register until 1989.

Methods: For comparisons, regional cancer incidence rates in Stockholm County were used together with individually computed person-years at risk in the Crohn's disease cohort.

Results: Overall, 69 malignancies occurred among 67 individuals as compared with 59.

Liver disease in ulcerative colitis: an epidemiological and follow up study in the county of Stockholm.

In an epidemiological study of the incidence of ulcerative colitis (UC) in the county of Stockholm between 1955 and 1979, 1274 patients with UC were discovered. Almost all these patients had regularly been investigated with liver function tests; 142 (11%) of them showed signs of hepatobiliary disease. A follow up study on all 142 patients with abnormal liver function and UC was made between 1989 and 1991 to evaluate the cause of the liver abnormality and to find out if the liver disease had affected the survival rates.

Use of oral moist snuff and inflammatory bowel disease.

We examined the association between oral moist snuff use and inflammatory bowel disease in a case-control study based on the population in Stockholm County. The relative risk (RR) associated with ever use of moist snuff was 2.1 (95% CI: 1.

Gastric Banding for Morbid Obesity: Initial Experience with a New Adjustable Band.

A new adjustable gastric band was developed, consisting of a silicone balloon connected to a subcutaneous port In a closed system. The stoma diameter can be regulated within an extensive range (0-40 mm). The diameter is adjusted individually for each patient and weight loss can therefore be controlled and optimized.

A Gastric Band with Adjustable Inner Diameter for Obesity Surgery: Preliminary Studies.

Gastric banding for morbid obesity is theoretically an attractive method, since it is easily reversible, does not require opening of the stomach or intestines, and is associated with a very low surgical risk. The disadvantage is the high rate of reoperation because of the difficulty to obtain an optimal stoma diameter. This led us to develop a new gastric balloon band in which it is possible to regulate the inner diameter between 0 and 40 mm.

Risk indicators for inflammatory bowel disease.

We investigated the association between different risk indicators and inflammatory bowel disease in a case-control study based on the population of Stockholm County during 1980-1984. Information on physical activity, oral contraceptives, some previous diseases and childhood characteristics was collected using a postal questionnaire for 152 cases of Crohn's disease, 145 cases of ulcerative colitis, and 305 controls. The relative risk (RR) of Crohn's disease was inversely related to regular physical activity and estimated at 0.