SHINE study: Developing an intervention for safe hospital insulin use for older or frail adults with diabetes undergoing surgical hospital admission: Study protocol.

Aims: To present a study protocol for the development of an intervention to enhance safe insulin use for older or frail adults undergoing a surgical admission to hospital.

Design: Following the United Kingdom's Medical Research Council and National Institute for Health and Care Research Frameworks for development and evaluation of complex interventions; this qualitative study will use a co-design approach using design thinking, to develop a theoretical model for the intervention.

Methods: Non-participatory observations, interviews and co-design workshops will be conducted with older or frail individuals with diabetes, their caregivers and healthcare staff responsible for their care during surgical admissions at a single National Health Service hospital in England.

The Relation of Diabetes Complications to a New Interpretation of Glycaemic Variability from Continuous Glucose Monitoring in People with Type 1 Diabetes.

Introduction: Microvascular and macrovascular complications in type 1 diabetes (T1D) may be linked to endothelial stress due to glycaemic variability. Continuous glucose monitoring systems (CGMs) provide new opportunities to quantify this variability, utilising the amplitude of glucose change summated over time. The aim of this study was to examine whether this determination of glucose variability (GV) is associated with microvascular clinical sequelae.

Organisational initiatives to improve care in the prevention and management of cardiometabolic conditions: A scoping review.

Aim: Cardiometabolic conditions such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and chronic kidney disease contribute to multimorbidity, posing a global health challenge. However, existing healthcare frameworks often struggle to adequately address the intricate needs of individuals living with these conditions. The review aims to map existing research on cardiometabolic care initiatives for the primary and secondary prevention of metabolic conditions.

Closing the policy gap in diabetes care for individuals with advanced CKD.

Aim: The co-existence of diabetes and CKD poses significant challenges to healthcare systems, current frameworks often inadequately address the complex needs of individuals with both conditions. Recognising these gaps, we introduced a new diabetes care model for people with advanced CKD in renal satellite units.This paper aims to evaluate this new diabetes model care.

Burden of impaired awareness of hypoglycemia in people with diabetes undergoing hemodialysis.

Introduction: Impaired awareness of hypoglycemia (IAH) refers to a diminished capacity to detect hypoglycemia. IAH can result in severe and even life-threatening outcomes for individuals with diabetes, especially those in advanced stages of the disease. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of IAH in people with diabetes on hemodialysis.

Glycaemic variability and progression of chronic kidney disease in people with diabetes and comorbid kidney disease: Retrospective cohort study.

Aim: To investigate the association between glycaemic variability and the development of End-Stage-Kidney-Disease (ESKD) among individuals with diabetes and chronic kidney disease.

Methods: A cohort study using UK electronic primary care health records from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink. Glycaemic variability was assessed using a variability score and intra-individual coefficient of variation (CV) of HbA1c.