First-in-Human: Simultaneous Hyperpolarized 1- 13 C-Pyruvate Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and 18 F-FDG PET (hyperPET) Imaging of a Patient With Lymphoma.

Hyperpolarized 1- 13 C-pyruvate magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and MRS imaging (MRSI) offer noninvasive and real-time direct assessment of the altered metabolism of cancer cells known as the Warburg effect-a key hallmark of cancer. When combined with simultaneously acquired 18 F-FDG PET in a PET/MR scanner, coined hyperPET by us, this dual-modality may unveil cancer-type specific glucose metabolic phenotypes with potential implications for patient prognostication, treatment-response assessment, and prediction. We here present the first human data of simultaneously acquired hyperpolarized MRS/MRSI and PET performed in a PET/MR scanner-and the first human hyperpolarized MRS/MRSI data from a patient with lymphoma.

Glucagon Resistance in Individuals With Obesity and Hepatic Steatosis Can Be Measured Using the GLUSENTIC Test and Index.

Increased plasma levels of glucagon (hyperglucagonemia) promote diabetes development but are also observed in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). This may reflect hepatic glucagon resistance toward amino acid catabolism. A clinical test for measuring glucagon resistance has not been validated.

Performing [F]MFBG Long-Axial-Field-of-View PET/CT Without Sedation or General Anesthesia for Imaging of Children with Neuroblastoma.

Meta-[I]iodobenzylguanidine ([I]MIBG) scintigraphy with SPECT/CT is the standard of care for diagnosing and monitoring neuroblastoma. Replacing [I]MIBG with the new PET tracer meta-[F]fluorobenzylguanidine ([F]MFBG) and further improving sensitivity and reducing noise in a new long-axial-field-of-view (LAFOV) PET/CT scanner enable increased image quality and a faster acquisition time, allowing examinations to be performed without sedation or general anesthesia (GA). Focusing on feasibility, we present our first experience with [F]MFBG LAFOV PET/CT and compare it with [I]MIBG scintigraphy plus SPECT/CT for imaging in neuroblastoma in children.

Imaging surveillance in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1: Ten years of experience with somatostatin receptor positron emission tomography.

Guidelines for multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) recommend intensive imaging surveillance without specifying a superior regimen, including the role of somatostatin receptor imaging (SRI) with positron emission tomography (PET). The primary outcomes were to: (1) Assess change in treatment of duodenal-pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (DP-NENs), bronchopulmonary NENs, and thymic tumors attributed to use of SRI PET/computed tomography (CT) and (2) estimate radiation from imaging and risk of cancer death attributed to imaging radiation. This was a retrospective single center study, including all MEN1 patients, who had had at least one SRI PET/CT.

Tumor volume definitions in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma - Comparing PET/MRI and histopathology.

Background And Purpose: In cancer treatment precise definition of the tumor volume is essential, but despite development in imaging modalities, this remains a challenge. Here, pathological tumor volumes from the surgical specimens were obtained and compared to tumor volumes defined from modern PET/MRI hybrid imaging. The purpose is to evaluate mismatch between the volumes defined from imaging and pathology was estimated and potential clinical impact.

Screening for Cardiac Amyloidosis 5 to 15 Years After Surgery for Bilateral Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.

Background: Bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a common extracardiac manifestation of amyloidosis and usually predates overt cardiac amyloidosis (CA) by several years. Screening studies on patients undergoing CTS surgery have shown a low yield of CA (2.0%), but high prevalence of amyloid in the carpal ligament.

Four weeks treatment with the GLP-1 receptor analogue liraglutide lowers liver fat and concomitantly circulating glucagon in individuals with overweight.

We investigated the effect of pharmacologically induced weight loss on markers of glucagon resistance in individuals with overweight during treatment with the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist liraglutide. We performed an open-label study in 14 men with overweight (age 38 ± 11 years, BMI 32 ± 4 kg/m) without simultaneously diabetes. Subjects were treated with liraglutide, initiated and titrated with 0.

Altered brown fat thermoregulation and enhanced cold-induced thermogenesis in young, healthy, winter-swimming men.

The Scandinavian winter-swimming culture combines brief dips in cold water with hot sauna sessions, with conceivable effects on body temperature. We study thermogenic brown adipose tissue (BAT) in experienced winter-swimming men performing this activity 2-3 times per week. Our data suggest a lower thermal comfort state in the winter swimmers compared with controls, with a lower core temperature and absence of BAT activity.

[Ga]Ga-NODAGA-E[(cRGDyK)] Angiogenesis PET/MR in a Porcine Model of Chronic Myocardial Infarction.

Angiogenesis is crucial in tissue repair and prevents scar tissue formation following an ischemic event such as myocardial infarction. The ischemia induces formation of new capillaries, which have high expression of integrin αβ. [Ga]Ga-NODAGA-E[(cRGDyK)] ([Ga]Ga-RGD) is a promising PET-radiotracer reflecting angiogenesis by binding to integrin αβ.

Eosinophilic Cystitis Presenting as Possible Pediatric Rhabdomyosarcoma in Conventional Imaging Including F-FDG-PET/CT/MRI-A Rare Case.

Eosinophilic cystitis (EC) is a relatively rare, but benign inflammatory bladder disease compared to that of the malignant pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), in which it can be mimicking on initial suspicion. The origin, symptoms and findings of both EC and RMS are still discussed and hence, lead to the challenge in distinguishing them by cystoscopy and several image modalities. We present a case in which cross-sectional imaging modalities including fluorine-18-fluro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (F-FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET) / computed tomography (CT) / magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (F-FDG-PET/CT/MRI (The imaging modality F-FDG-PET/CT/MRI referring to two continuous scans scanned on the same F-FDG-tracer dose for both the whole-body F-FDG-PET/CT and the regional F-FDG-PET/MRI of the pelvis.

Intratumor heterogeneity is biomarker specific and challenges the association with heterogeneity in multimodal functional imaging in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Rationale: Tumor biopsy cannot detect heterogeneity and an association between heterogeneity in functional imaging and molecular biology will have an impact on both diagnostics and treatment possibilities.

Purpose: Multiparametric imaging can provide 3D information on functional aspects of a tumor and may be suitable for predicting intratumor heterogeneity. Here, we investigate the correlation between intratumor heterogeneity assessed with multiparametric imaging and multiple-biopsy immunohistochemistry.

Initial Experience with Cu-DOTATATE Digital PET of Patients with Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: Comparison with Analog PET.

The recent introduction of solid-state detectors in clinical positron emission tomography (PET) scanners has significantly improved image quality and spatial resolution and shortened acquisition time compared to conventional analog PET scanners. In an initial evaluation of the performance of our newly acquired Siemens Biograph Vision 600 PET/CT (digital PET/CT) scanner for Cu-DOTATATE imaging, we compared PET/CT acquisitions from patients with neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) grades 1 and 2 and stable disease on CT who were scanned on both our Siemens Biograph 128 mCT PET/CT (analog PET/CT) and digital PET/CT within 6 months as part of their routine clinical management. Five patients fulfilled the criteria and were included in the analysis.

Cetuximab plus irinotecan administered biweekly with reduced infusion time to heavily pretreated patients with metastatic colorectal cancer and related RAS and BRAF mutation status.

Metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is treated with cetuximab 250 mg/m administered weekly over 1 hour or biweekly (q2w) over 3.5 hours when combined with irinotecan. This prospective study investigated cetuximab 500 mg/m plus irinotecan 180 mg/m administered q2w over 1.

F-FLT PET/CT Adds Value to F-FDG PET/CT for Diagnosing Relapse After Definitive Radiotherapy in Patients with Lung Cancer: Results of a Prospective Clinical Trial.

Diagnosing relapse after radiotherapy for lung cancer is challenging. The specificity of both CT and F-FDG PET/CT is low because of radiation-induced changes. 3'-deoxy-3'-F-fluorothymidine (F-FLT) PET has previously demonstrated higher specificity for malignancy than F-FDG PET.

Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator Receptor (uPAR) PET/MRI of Prostate Cancer for Noninvasive Evaluation of Aggressiveness: Comparison with Gleason Score in a Prospective Phase 2 Clinical Trial.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between uptake of the PET ligand Ga-NOTA-AE105, targeting the urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR), and Gleason score in patients undergoing prostate biopsy. Patients with clinical suspicion of prostate cancer (PCa) or previously diagnosed with PCa were prospectively enrolled in this phase 2 trial. A combination of uPAR PET and multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) was performed, and the SUV in the primary tumor, as delineated by mpMRI, was measured by 2 independent readers.

[Ga]Ga-NODAGA-E[(cRGDyK)] PET and hyperpolarized [1-C] pyruvate MRSI (hyperPET) in canine cancer patients: simultaneous imaging of angiogenesis and the Warburg effect.

Purpose: Cancer has a multitude of phenotypic expressions and identifying these are important for correct diagnosis and treatment selection. Clinical molecular imaging such as positron emission tomography can access several of these hallmarks of cancer non-invasively. Recently, hyperpolarized magnetic resonance spectroscopy with [1-C] pyruvate has shown great potential to probe metabolic pathways.

No effects of a 6-week intervention with a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist on pancreatic volume and oedema in obese men without diabetes.

Aim: To investigate the effect of a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA), liraglutide, on pancreatic volume, oedema, cellularity and DNA synthesis in humans.

Materials And Methods: We performed an open-label study in 14 obese men (age 38 ± 11 years, body mass index 32 ± 4 kg/m ) without diabetes. Subjects were examined at baseline, during titration (week 4) of liraglutide towards 3.

Does multiparametric imaging with F-FDG-PET/MRI capture spatial variation in immunohistochemical cancer biomarkers in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma?

Background: The purpose of this study is to test if functional multiparametric imaging with F-FDG-PET/MRI correlates spatially with immunohistochemical biomarker status within a lesion of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), and also whether a biopsy with the highest FDG uptake was more likely to have the highest PD-L1 expression or the highest percentage of vital tumour cells (VTC) compared with a random biopsy.

Methods: Thirty-one patients with HNSCC were scanned on an integrated PET/MRI scanner with FDG prior to surgery in this prospective study. Imaging was quantified with SUV, ADC and K.

Tattoo complications and magnetic resonance imaging: a comprehensive review of the literature.

Tattooed patients undergoing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can develop cutaneous complications during the procedure. Our aim was to review all published case reports on MRI-induced tattoo complications to identify a possible pattern. So far, 17 cases have been reported.

Quantifying the Financial Savings of Motion Correction in Brain MRI: A Model-Based Estimate of the Costs Arising From Patient Head Motion and Potential Savings From Implementation of Motion Correction.

Background: Patient head motion is a major concern in clinical brain MRI, as it reduces the diagnostic image quality and may increase examination time and cost.

Purpose: To investigate the prevalence of MR images with significant motion artifacts on a given clinical scanner and to estimate the potential financial cost savings of applying motion correction to clinical brain MRI examinations.

Study Type: Retrospective.

F-fluorothymidine (FLT)-PET and diffusion-weighted MRI for early response evaluation in patients with small cell lung cancer: a pilot study.

Background: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive cancer often presenting in an advanced stage and prognosis is poor. Early response evaluation may have impact on the treatment strategy.

Aim: We evaluated F-fluorothymidine-(FLT)-PET/diffusion-weighted-(DW)-MRI early after treatment start to describe biological changes during therapy, the potential of early response evaluation, and the added value of FLT-PET/DW-MRI.