Background: Malnutrition is a global problem that affects schoolchildren and can increase the risk of diseases in adulthood. Adult members of the Yaqui Indigenous group have been shown to have serious health problems, and Yaqui schoolchildren could therefore find themselves in a similar situation.
Objective: To evaluate the nutritional status, lipid profile and associated factors in a sample of Yaqui schoolchildren.
Introduction: Currently, there is only scarce evidence of a causal association between risk of malnutrition (RM) by the mini-nutritional assessment (MNA) and the incidence of sarcopenia. This study was designed to assess such an association at 4.2 years of follow-up in community-dwelling subjects over 60 years old.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Aims: Only one cohort study exists on the incidence of the risk of malnutrition (RM) in older adults, though numerous cross-sectional reports, identified several risk factors associated with the prevalence and incidence of this condition. However, alterations in body composition and impaired physical performance as exposition variables of RM have not been explored. This study assessed the incidence of RM and determined its association with excess fat mass, low total lean tissue, gait speed, and handgrip strength as exposition variables for RM in community-dwelling older adults.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObesity is highly prevalent in breast cancer (BC) survivors. Adipose tissue promotes inflammation, affecting recurrence, morbidity, and quality of life. This study aimed to determine the relationship of body composition parameters with the levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in female BC survivors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThere is considerably greater variation in metabolic rates between men than between women, in terms of basal, activity and total (daily) energy expenditure (EE). One possible explanation is that EE is associated with male sexual characteristics (which are known to vary more than other traits) such as musculature and athletic capacity. Such traits might be predicted to be most prominent during periods of adolescence and young adulthood, when sexual behaviour develops and peaks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m is the universally accepted cut-off point for defining obesity; however, its accuracy in classifying obesity in older adults is poorly understood.
Objectives: To assess the performance of the BMI cut-off point ≥30 kg/m in classifying obesity in older adults, using the fat mass index (FMI) and fat mass percentage (FM%) as reference criteria; and to establish region- and sex-specific BMI-based cut-off points to classify obesity in older adults.
Methods: The present study is a secondary analysis derived from a cross-sectional project that included a sample of 1463 older adults from ten Latin American and Caribbean countries.
To evaluate the effectiveness of the healthy lifestyle promotion program for Yaquis (PREVISY) on insulin resistance in the short- and medium-term periods in adults who are overweight/obese and have an increased risk for diabetes. Using a translational research design, an intervention program was implemented in a sample of 93 Yaqui adult subjects. The effectiveness of PREVISY was evaluated by comparing the levels of Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) and the Triglycerides-Glucose Index (TyG index) at 6 and 12 months using a paired -test.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Nutr
August 2022
There are several equations based on bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) to estimate with high precision appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM). However, most of the external validation studies have reported that these equations are inaccurate or biased when applied to different populations. Furthermore, none of the published studies has derived correction factors (CFs) in samples of community-dwelling older adults, and none of the published studies have assessed the influence of the dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) model on the validation process.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Predictive equations are the best option for assessing fat mass in clinical practice due to their low cost and practicality. However, several factors, such as age, excess adiposity, and ethnicity can compromise the accuracy of the equations reported to date in the literature.
Objective: To develop and validate two predictive equations for estimating fat mass: one based exclusively on anthropometric variables, the other combining anthropometric and bioelectrical impedance variables using the 4C model as the reference method.
BMC Public Health
February 2022
Background: The Yaquis are an Indigenous group who inhabit in the state of Sonora in northwestern Mexico. This group has experienced changes in their lifestyle, moving from a traditional lifestyle to a more modern one, resulting in an increase of obesity and its comorbidities. However, few studies have been done in this group.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe densitometry method estimates body composition based on cadaver reference values, mainly the fat-free mass density value of 1.100 g/cm. However, several changes in fat-free mass components by aging, ethnicity, and excess adiposity could influence their density and affect body composition estimations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFor community-living older people, the ability to estimate total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) with validated predictive equations based on anthropometry is limited. To our knowledge no studies exist for non-Caucasian populations OBJECTIVE: To design and validate an anthropometry-based equation to estimate TDEE using doubly-labelled water (DLW) as the criterion measure, and to assess the performance of three other published equations in community-living older people from rural and urban areas of Brazil, Chile, Guatemala, Senegal, Cuba, and Mexico METHODS: This cross-sectional study measured anthropometry and TDEE using DLW in 69 men and 43 women aged 60-89 years. TDEE was also estimated with an anthropometry-based equation derived from the sub-sample of Mexico (n = 38) and with three other published equations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Nutr
June 2021
Background & Aims: Breast cancer patients (BCP) during treatment often experience an increase in body weight and fat mass, and a decrease in muscle mass known as sarcopenic obesity, affecting their prognosis and quality of life. We aimed to evaluate the effect of a 6-month individualized food-based nutrition intervention program in nonmetastatic BCP body composition during treatment.
Methods: This is a pre-post study in recently diagnosed women with invasive ductal/lobular breast carcinoma (clinical stage I-III).
Background/objectives: Densitometry (Siri's and Brožek's equations), hydrometry (by the deuterium dilution technique), and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) are three methods for estimating body composition. However, because they are all based on certain assumptions, they may not be applicable to aged and obese subjects due to changes in their body composition. Hence, the validity of these "laboratory methods" could be affected in obese older people.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Diabetes Res
August 2021
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a public health problem worldwide, and the main risk factor for its development is obesity. The Yaqui ethnic group of Sonora has serious obesity problems, resulting in an increased risk of T2D in its inhabitants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a health promotion program on obesity parameters and cardiovascular risk factors in short- (6 months) and medium-term periods (12 months) in indigenous Yaquis of Sonora.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Variation in the prevalence of sarcopenia is related to the skeletal muscle index cutoff points applied. The objective of this pilot study was to examine the recruitment process for testing different sarcopenia definitions (ASMI cutoffs) in older Mexican adults. It explored whether the prevalence of sarcopenia decreased by applying ethnic- and gender-specific, DXA-derived appendicular skeletal muscle index (ASMI)-cutoff points in the definitions, as well as some associated factors in a sample of community-dwelling older Mexican people.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAge- and obesity-related body composition changes could influence the hydration factor (HF) and, as a result, body composition estimates derived from hydrometry. The aim of the present study was to compare the HF in older Hispanic-American adults to some published values. This cross-sectional study included a sample of 412 subjects, men and women, aged ≥60 years from northern Mexico.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomed Res Int
January 2019
Background: Mexico is a country that is rich in ethnicity and cultural diversity, divided into three well-defined socioeconomic, ecological, and epidemiological areas. However, we do not know the influence that these factors may have on body composition. Therefore, this study was designed to assess body composition and compare appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) in older people from two areas of the country.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is high in older people, and several factors have been explored as main determinants. However, few data exist for older people from low- and middle-income countries. Therefore, our objective was to estimate the prevalence of MetS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Impaired physical performance (IPP) and physical disability (PD) are two serious public health problems in older adult populations worldwide. While studies show that changes in body composition are important risk factors for developing these conditions, there is little evidence that the fat-free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM) indices (FFMI and FMI, respectively) are associated with IPP in older men and women. This study assessed the association among FFMI, FMI, and IPP using Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) in Mexican men and women aged over 60 years.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe objective of this work was to evaluate the quality of a bologna-type meat product designed for the elderly. Treatments were: control, without addition of cranberries (C), prunes (P), pecan nuts (N) or flaxseed (F); NP, with 5% N+5% P; FC, with 5% F+5% C; NC, with 5% N+5% C; FP, with 5% F+5% P. These formulations resulted in a product with high protein, low SFA and high antioxidant activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: aging and obesity cause changes in water exchange rate, which could affect the equilibrium time of deuterium oxide (2H2O).
Objective: to assess the effect of overweight and obesity on the equilibrium time of the stable isotope deuterium in saliva samples of older adults.
Methods: a sample of 18 women over 63 years with a body mass index (BMI) of 20.
Objective: To design and validate a predictive BIA equation to estimate ASM in a sample of non-Caucasian older people and to explore the accuracy of two previous single-frequency BIA published equations.
Method: This is a cross-sectional study in 213 physically-independent and apparently healthy older men and women subjects from a central region of Mexico. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, anthropometry, resistance, reactance, and other independent predictive variables were assessed.
Background & Aims: Homeostasis model assessment as a marker of insulin resistance has been associated with the pronounced loss of appendicular skeletal muscle mass in older adults. In the present study, we hypothesized that hyperinsulinemia as an early predictor of insulin resistance may be associated with the loss of appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM).
Methods: This is a cohort study that included 147 well-functioning older men and women subjects who were followed for a period of 4.
Clin Interv Aging
April 2015
Background: At present, it is unknown whether the use of nutrient-rich dairy proteins improves the markers of sarcopenia syndrome. Therefore, our proposal was to investigate whether adding 210 g of ricotta cheese daily would improve skeletal muscle mass, handgrip strength, and physical performance in non-sarcopenic older subjects.
Subjects And Methods: This was a single-blind randomized clinical trial that included two homogeneous, randomized groups of men and women over 60 years of age.