Antimicrobial potential of a biosurfactant gel for the prevention of mixed biofilms formed by fluconazole-resistant and methicillin-resistant in catheters.

Dual-species biofilms formed by and have high virulence and drug resistance. In this context, biosurfactants produced by have been widely studied, of which a new derivative (RLmix_Arg) stands out for possible application in formulations. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antibiofilm activity of RLmix_Arg, both alone and incorporated in a gel prepared with Pluronic F-127, against dual-species biofilms of fluconazole-resistant (FRCA) and methicillin-resistant (MRSA) in impregnated catheters.

Etomidate is devoid of genotoxicty and mutagenicity in human lymphocytes and in the Salmonella typhimurium/microsomal activation test.

No carcinogenesis or mutagenesis studies have been carried out with etomidate. The current study showed that etomidate has weak cytotoxic potential after 48 h exposure in human lymphocytes and has no hemolytic activity. The weak cytotoxicity seems to be related with redox imbalance of etomidate (40.

Pentoxifylline Neuroprotective Effects Are Possibly Related to Its Anti-Inflammatory and TNF-Alpha Inhibitory Properties, in the 6-OHDA Model of Parkinson's Disease.

Pentoxifylline (PTX) is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor with anti-TNF-alpha activity, associated with its anti-inflammatory action. Considering Parkinson's disease (PD) as a neuroinflammatory disorder, the objectives were to evaluate PTX neuroprotective properties, in a model of PD. Male Wistar rats, divided into sham-operated (SO), untreated 6-OHDA, and 6-OHDA treated with PTX (10, 25, and 50 mg/kg) groups, received a unilateral 6-OHDA injection, except the SO group administered with saline.

Effects of doxycycline on depressive-like behavior in mice after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration.

Current evidences support inflammation, oxidative and nitrogen stress, as well as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling mechanisms as important in depression pathophysiology. Tetracycline antibiotics have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Preliminary evidence indicates that minocycline has antidepressant properties.

Caffeine and CSC, adenosine A2A antagonists, offer neuroprotection against 6-OHDA-induced neurotoxicity in rat mesencephalic cells.

In this study, the cytoprotective effects of caffeine (CAF) and 8-(3-chlorostyryl)-caffeine (CSC), A(2A) receptor antagonists, were tested against 6-OHDA-induced cytotoxicity, in rat mesencephalic cells. Both drugs significantly increased the number of viable cells, after their exposure to 6-OHDA, as measured by the MTT assay. While nitrite levels in the cells were drastically increased by 6-OHDA, their concentrations were brought toward normality after CAF or CSC, indicating that both drugs block 6-OHDA-induced oxidative stress which leads to free radicals generation.

Neuroprotective effects of caffeine in the model of 6-hydroxydopamine lesion in rats.

The work shows the effects of caffeine after the intrastriatal injection of 6-OHDA in rats, considered as a model of Parkinson disease (PD). Two weeks after the 6-OHDA lesion, rats exhibit a characteristic rotation behavior as a response to the apomorphine challenge. Our results showed significant increases in the number of apomorphine-induced rotations in 6-OHDA-lesioned rats, as compared to sham-operated animals.