[Revascularization? Only as the last resort!].

Revascularization has been suggested for treatment of necrotic immature permanent teeth. The desirable outcome of the treatment is continuous growth of the root, maturation of the dentin walls underneath the cervical seal and apical closure. Despite of increasing numbers of case reports, a uniform treatment protocol has not been set.

The effect of using an alternative irrigant between sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine to prevent the formation of para-chloroaniline within the root canal system.

Aim: To determine if the formation of para-chloroaniline (PCA) can be avoided by using an alternative irrigant following sodium hypochlorite but before chlorhexidine.

Methodology: Fifty-five single-rooted teeth were decoronated, instrumented to size 40, .06 taper whilst being irrigated with 14% ethylene-diamine-tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) and 6% NaOCl.

Cytotoxic chemotherapy-induced odontalgia: a differential diagnosis for dental pain.

Introduction: Peripheral neurotoxicity and neuropathic pain are well-known complications of several anti-cancer chemotherapeutic agents. Such pain might cause an impairment of the patient's quality of life and is a common limiting factor of anti-cancer chemotherapy. Neurotoxicity in orofacial structures has been previously described as diffuse jaw pain or numbness.

Odontogenic sinus tracts: a cohort study.

Objective: To determine the prevalence,location, and distribution of sinus tracts in patients referred for endodontic consultation.

Method And Materials: This cohort study included 1,119 subjects referred for endodontic consultation, 108 of whom presented with sinus tracts. Following clinical and radiographic examination, the diameter of the rarifying osteitis lesion on the radiograph was measured and the path and origin of the sinus tracts determined.

Rapidly progressive internal root resorption: a case report.

The etiology of internal root resorption is not fully understandable, trauma and chronic pulpitis are considered the main risk factors. Usually the process is asymptomatic and diagnosed upon routine radiographic examination. This case report presents a rapid progression of internal resorption related directly to traumatic injury.

Healing of a fibrous dysplastic lesion in a permanent molar after endodontic therapy.

Fibrous dysplasia presents in two forms: monostotic and polyostotic. Both forms are more widespread among children and juveniles and may result in facial asymmetry. Neoplastic bone lesions, localized over the root apices and mimicking periapical pathosis, have been observed.

Dental complications following gastric restrictive bariatric surgery.

Background: Morbid obesity is a scourge of the 21st century. The effective therapeutic measure is bariatric surgery. The medical literature has inadequately reported the potential deleterious effects of such surgery on dental health.

The fate of a mid-root fracture: a case report.

The present report describes a case of a mid-root fracture in a maxillary central incisor of a 19-year-old patient. The fractured tooth was splinted with composite that was removed only 3 years later, as the patient did not appear for follow-up examinations. At this time, the radiographs revealed a normal periodontal ligament, rounding of the borders of the fragments and pulp obliteration of both fragments.

Effect of sodium hypochlorite on dentin microhardness.

This study was designed to evaluate the effect on root dentin microhardness of 2.5% and 6% sodium hypochlorite solutions for various irrigation periods. Forty-two bovine roots were divided into seven groups.

Emergency orthodontic treatment after the traumatic intrusive luxation of maxillary incisors.

Treatment of traumatically intruded teeth is based largely on empirical clinical experience rather than on scientific data. The aim of this qualitative meta-analysis was to provide an evidence base to evaluate the orthodontic repositioning approach. In a MEDLINE search of the literature in English, 14 reported patients involving 22 teeth were found to have been treated by this modality.

Endodontic failure caused by inadequate restorative procedures: review and treatment recommendations.

A review of the literature was performed to determine whether prompt placement of coronal restorations, including sealing and placement of posts and cores, can positively influence the long-term prognosis of teeth after root canal therapy. Both hand and MEDLINE searches were employed to identify peer-reviewed articles on radicular apical integrity after coronal restorations, especially where root canal space was used for post and core fabrication. A total of 41 articles published between 1969 and 1999 (the majority from the 1990s) were reviewed.

The effect of instrumentation with two different file types, each with 2.5% NaOCl irrigation on the microhardness of root dentin.

The aim of this study was to measure root-dentin microhardness after instrumentation with two types of files and using irrigation with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite. Thirty roots were instrumented with irrigation: 10 roots had the pulp extirpated only; 10 roots were instrumented with stainless steel files, and 10 roots were instrumented with rotary nickel-titanium (NiTi) files.

Bactericidal and cytotoxic effects of sodium hypochlorite and sodium dichloroisocyanurate solutions in vitro.

The antimicrobial and cytotoxic effects of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and sodium dichloroisocyanurate (NaDCC) were evaluated and compared in vitro. The minimal inhibitory concentration and minimal bactericidal concentration of NaOCl and NaDCC were tested for Streptococcus sobrinus, Streptococcus salivarius, Enterococcus faecalis, and Streptococcus mutans. The cytotoxic effect was assessed by using human fibroblast tissue culture.

The outcome of teeth with periapical periodontitis treated with nonsurgical endodontic treatment: a computerized morphometric study.

Objectives: This study investigated the prognosis for successful endodontic treatment and the correlation between the size of the periapical lesion, the quality of the root canal treatment, and the type of coronal restoration.

Method And Materials: Periapical radiographs of 319 teeth with periapical periodontitis were studied. The area of each lesion was measured before treatment and 1 to 12 years after completion of the endodontic treatment.

Is herpes simplex virus associated with pulp/periapical inflammation?

Objectives: This study focuses on the detection of herpes simplex virus (HSV) DNA in dental pulp and inflamed periapical tissue.

Study Design: Dental pulp tissue (vital and necrotic) and periapical tissue samples were collected under strictly sterile conditions and examined for the presence of HSV DNA. Saliva samples were also examined for the presence of the viral DNA.

Bone-like tissue growth in the root canal of immature permanent teeth after traumatic injuries.

Following a severe traumatic incident to permanent immature teeth, the growth of calcified tissue in the pulp space may occasionally occur. This calcified tissue may be diffuse or in intimate contact with the dentine. It has been suggested that a wide open apex, severe damage to the root sheath, and the absence of infection are only some of the predisposing factors leading to this metaplasia of pulp tissue into bone-like tissue.

Profile of an orthodontic patient at risk of dental trauma.

Increased overjet and inadequate lip coverage of the maxillary incisors are considered significant risk factors in many clinical studies. The purpose of the present study was to examine this issue of dental injury by actual cephalometric measurements in orthodontic patients. Pretreatment cephalograms (taken with lips in repose) of consecutive patients were used.

Effect of prefabricated metal post-head design on the retention of various core materials.

Retention of various post heads to core restorative materials is an important factor in the selection of prefabricated post systems and restorative materials for the restoration of endodontically treated teeth. This study examines the retention of a post-core prefabricated system in relation to core material and post-head design. A total of 60 samples were prepared using two different post systems (ParaPost Plus (PP) and ParaPost Unity (PU), with amalgam, composite or glass-ionomer as one of the core materials.

In vitro antibacterial effect of RC-Prep components on Streptococcus sobrinus.

The aim of this study was to examine the bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects of the components of RC-Prep: EDTA, urea peroxide and glycol. The minimal inhibitory concentration and the minimal bactericidic concentration of EDTA, urea peroxide and glycol were tested on the viability of Streptococcus sobrinus (S. sobrinus).

In vitro antimicrobial effect of RC-Prep within dentinal tubules.

The antimicrobial effect of RC-Prep and its components--10% urea peroxide, 15% EDTA, and glycol--were evaluated individually, in vitro, within dentinal tubules. Standardized bovine incisor root specimens that had been infected with either Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus peltzer were incubated with each agent for 10 and 45 min. After exposure to the agent, dentin samples were collected from within the lumina using ISO 23 to 31 burs.

The effect of periapical rarefying osteitis on cortical and cancellous bone. A study comparing conventional radiographs with computed tomography.

Objective: To determine whether erosion of the cortical plate is necessary for successful radiographic identification of periapical rarefying osteitis.

Methods: Forty-two periapical osteitic lesions were diagnosed from periapical radiographs of 26 patients who were subsequently examined by cross-sectional computed tomography (CT). The relation of the lesions to the buccal and lingual cortical plates was determined and their size measured.

Antibacterial synergistic effect of chlorhexidine and hydrogen peroxide against Streptococcus sobrinus, Streptococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus.

Chlorhexidine (CHX) and Hydrogen peroxide (HP) are potent antibacterial agents that are used in controlling dental plaque. However, both agents bear undesired side-effects. We have tested the hypothesis that an antibacterial synergistic effect can occur between the two agents against Streptococcus sobrinus, Streptococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus.

Antimicrobial effect of irrigant combinations within dentinal tubules.

The aim of this study was to investigate sodium hypochlorite (with and without EDTA), chlorhexidine, and hydrogen peroxide in varying concentrations when used in sequence or in combination as endodontic irrigants. Sterile saline served as the control. Six standardized bovine incisor root specimens, which had been infected with Enterococcus faecalis (CG 110), were exposed to each solution.