Microplastics (MPs) have been widely detected in the soil environment. The Weishan Irrigation District is the largest irrigation area in the lower reaches of the Yellow River. However, little is known about MP pollution levels in the soils of this area.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFApplying amendments to contaminated soil has been considered a successful strategy to control lead (Pb) pollution. In this study, four different types of amendment (calcium hydrogen phosphate, CHP; hydroxyapatite, HA; ordinary Portland cement, OPC; lime, LI) at two treatment levels were used to immobilize Pb in three contaminated soils. The effectiveness of Pb immobilization was assessed by coupling a sequential extraction procedure (fraction) with in vivo mouse model (Pb relative bioavailability, Pb RBA) and in vitro gastrointestinal assays (bioaccessibility).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Comprehensive and in-depth research on the immunophenotype of septic patients remains limited, and effective biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of sepsis are urgently needed in clinical practice.
Methods: Blood samples from 31 septic patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), 25 non-septic ICU patients, and 18 healthy controls were analyzed using flow cytometry for deep immunophenotyping. Metagenomic sequencing was performed in 41 fecal samples, including 13 septic patients, 10 non-septic ICU patients, and 18 healthy controls.
The interaction between nanoscale copper oxides (nano-CuOs) and soil matrix significantly affects their fate and transport in soils. This study investigates the retention of nano-CuOs and Cu ions in ten typical agricultural soils by employing the Freundlich adsorption model. Retention of nano-CuOs and Cu in soils was well fitted by the Freundlich model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: The immune system defends the body from infection and plays a vital role in a wide range of health conditions. Metabolism affects a series of physiological processes, including those linked to the function of human immune system. Cellular metabolism modulates immune cell activation and cytokine production.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe increasing use of copper oxide nano particles (nCuO) as nano-fertilizers and pesticides have raised concerns over their impact on soil environment and agricultural products. In this study, two nCuO with different shapes, namely spherical nCuO (CuO NPs) and tubular nCuO (CuO NTs), were selected to investigate their bioavailability and toxicity to pakchoi in two soils with different properties. At the meantime, CuO bulk particles (CuO BPs) and Cu(NO) were used for comparison.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Sci Pollut Res Int
September 2023
The toxicity of Cr to plants depends on Cr form and soil properties. Currently, the phytotoxicity differences of Cr(VI) and Cr(III) in different soils are not clear. In this study, the toxicity of Cr(VI) and Cr(III) to root growth and root morphology of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: Immunophenotyping is proving crucial to understanding the role of the immune system in health and disease. High-throughput flow cytometry has been used extensively to reveal changes in immune cell composition and function at the single-cell level. Here, we describe six optimized 11-color flow cytometry panels for deep immunophenotyping of human whole blood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe chemistry of cyclic sulfinic acid derivatives (sultines and cyclic sulfinamides) was underdeveloped for a long time due to their inaccessibility. Considering the importance of cyclic sulfinate esters and amides in the fields of chemistry, pharmaceutical science, and material science, synthesis strategies involving cyclic sulfinic acid derivatives have been paid more attention in recent years, and have been widely used in the synthesis of sulfur-containing compounds such as sulfoxides, sulfones, sulfinates and thioethers. Despite the impressive improvements that have been made in last twenty years with the new strategies, to date, no reviews have been published, to the best of our knowledge, dealing with the preparation of cyclic sulfinic acid derivatives.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDespite the significance of sultines in synthesis, medicine, and materials science, the chemistry of sultines has remained unexplored due to their inaccessibility. Herein, we demonstrate the development of a photoredox-catalyzed multifluoromethyl radical addition/SO incorporation/polar cyclization cascade approach to multifluoromethylated γ-sultines. The reactions proceed by single electron transfer induced multifluoromethyl radical addition to an alkene followed by SO incorporation, and single-electron reduction for polar 5-exo-tet cyclization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Sci Pollut Res Int
June 2022
Nano copper oxide (CuO NP) was added to eight soils to study the effect of aging time of copper on the concentration of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA)-extracted copper (DTPA-Cu), with bulk copper oxide (CuO BP) and copper nitrate [Cu(NO)] used for comparison. Moreover, the effect of soil properties on the dissolution of CuO NP was studied. A dissolution model was used to quantitatively describe the dissolution kinetics of CuO NPs in different soils.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTo understand how Cd in different fractions contributes to Cd bioaccessibility by in vitro assays, Cd bioaccessibility in 12 contaminated soils was determined by four assays (UBM, SBRC, IVG, and PBET) and correlated with different Cd fractions based on a sequential extraction scheme. The Cd bioaccessibility in the gastric phase (GP) was high (35-107%, averaging at 77%), implicating high risk to human health, while it decreased to 19-88% averaging at 47% in the intestinal phased (IP). From the GP to IP, the reduction of extractable Cd (0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntegr Environ Assess Manag
June 2022
Trace elements like copper and zinc are supplemented in swine feeds to suppress bacteria and/or promote growth. Due to low absorption rates, trace elements are highly concentrated in swine feces, posing a risk to soil and human health if applied to agricultural fields. In the present study, the concentrations of six trace elements (Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Pb, and Cr) in pig feed and feces were evaluated by sample analysis and data from the literature.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBull Environ Contam Toxicol
November 2021
In this study, soils spiked with copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) or Cu(NO) and aged as long as 90 days were utilized to investigate effect of soil properties and aging on oral and inhalation bioaccessibility of CuO NPs. Results showed that oral bioaccessibility of CuO NPs in gastric phase (GP) ranged from 70% to 84%, it significantly decreased to 50%-70% in intestinal phase (IP). The inhalation bioaccessibility of CuO NPs in artificial lysosomal fluid (ALF) ranged from 66% to 85%, and much higher than that in Gamble's solution (GS, 3.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDissolution is the primary process affecting the bioavailability and toxicity of nanoscale copper oxide (nano-CuO) to plants and soil organisms. In this study, particle morphology, organic acid, and soil properties were considered to understand the dissolution characteristics of nano-CuO in soil solutions. The results showed that the copper ions (Cu) released from spherical nano-CuO (CuO NPs), tubular nano-CuO (CuO NTs), and spherical microsized CuO (CuO MPs) in the ten soil solutions were 26.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe human pathogenic bacteria (HPB) in animal feces may disseminate to agricultural soils with their land application as organic fertilizer. However, the knowledge about the impacts of different sources and rates of animal manures on the temporal changes of soil HPB remains limited, which hamper our ability to estimate the potential risks of their land application. Here, we constructed an HPB database including 565 bacterial strains.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Sci Pollut Res Int
December 2020
Swine farms are one of the important sources of antibiotics in the environment. In this study, 42 samples of compound feed and feces of swine collected at different growth stages from intensive farms were evaluated for the occurrence and concentrations of three tetracyclines (TCs, namely oxytetracycline, chlortetracycline, and doxycycline) and three sulfonamides (SAs, namely sulfadiazine, sulfadimidine, and sulfamethoxazole). To check for other additional sources of antibiotic administration, ratios (R) of the measured and the predicted levels of each antibiotic excreted via feces were also estimated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCopper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) in soil have received considerable attention because of their potential impact on the environment. In the present study, the stability of CuO NPs (50 nm and 80 nm) in eight soil solutions as well as the major influencing factors was investigated. The results showed that hetero-aggregation between natural colloids and NPs dominated the first stage of aggregation, afterwards the two different sized CuO NPs exhibited different aggregation behaviors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTwo commonly used dispersants, octyl phenol ethoxylate (Triton X-100) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), were employed to explore the effects of single or mixed surfactants on the dispersion, sedimentation and aggregation of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). Non-ionic surfactant TX100 showed much superior capability to anionic surfactant SDS in dispersing MWCNTs due to the benzene ring structure in its tail group. The addition of SDS reduced the adsorption of TX100 on the surface of MWCNTs and the consequent suspension of MWCNTs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Sci Pollut Res Int
July 2019
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) extracted from wheat straw (SDOM) and cow manure (MDOM) were used to investigate their effects on the solubilization, uptake, and translocation of 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47). Partition coefficients (K) of BDE 47 between water and the two types of DOM were measured by the solubility enhancement method. The uptake and translocation of BDE 47 by wheat plants were explored by hydroponic exposure experiments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Environ Res Public Health
February 2019
There is increasing concern regarding soils contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) In the present study, the remediation of soil spiked with PAHs was explored by the combination of soil washing with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and subsequent oxidation through persulfate (PS) activated by Fe, nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI), and SiO₂-coated nZVI (SiO₂/nZVI). Results demonstrated that the removal of phenanthrene (PHE), fluoranthene (FLU), and pyrene (PYR) by SDS is an efficient means for soil decontamination. At SDS concentration of 20 g/L, the removal efficiencies of PHE, PYR, and FLU were 37%, 40%, and 44%, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlthough the agricultural use of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) has been banned for decades in many countries around the world, the detection of DDT and its metabolites in soils is very common due to their persistence. DDTs (sum of DDT and its metabolites) in farmland soils can be absorbed by crops at different levels and accumulate in the edible parts of agricultural products, posing threats to the health of human being. However, no information on the species sensitivity distribution (SSD) of crops with regard to DDTs has been reported due to the lack of enough bioavailability data and models to normalize the bioavailability data from different sources.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFField experiments were conducted to explore the uptake and translocation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by wheat plants following sewage sludge application. Two types of application methods (single or annual application) and four application rates (5, 10, 20, and 40t/ha/year) were investigated. The contents of 16 PAHs in soils, wheat roots and straws increased as the rate of sewage sludge application increased and were in the range of 20.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDissolved organic matters (DOMs) extracted from wheat straw (SDOM) and cow manure (MDOM) were used to investigate their effects on the suspension stability and aggregation of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). Two types of DOM can effectively disperse and stabilize the MWCNTs. At initial MWCNT concentration of 500 mg/L, suspended MWCNT concentration ranged from 8.
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