Seasonal variation in cuckoldry rates in the socially monogamous cichlid fish .

Unlabelled: Mating patterns in animal populations can respond to environmental conditions and consequently vary across time. To examine this variation in nature, studies must include temporal replicates from the same population. Here, we report temporal variation in genetic parentage in the socially monogamous cichlid from Lake Tanganyika, using samples of broods and their brood-tending parents that were collected across five field trips from the same study population.

The Crystal Structure of Mouse Ces2c, a Potential Ortholog of Human CES2, Shows Structural Similarities in Substrate Regulation and Product Release to Human CES1.

Members of the carboxylesterase 2 (Ces2/CES2) family have been studied intensively with respect to their hydrolytic function on (pro)drugs, whereas their physiological role in lipid and energy metabolism has been realized only within the last few years. Humans have one CES2 gene which is highly expressed in liver, intestine, and kidney. Interestingly, eight homologous Ces2 (Ces2a to Ces2h) genes exist in mice and the individual roles of the corresponding proteins are incompletely understood.

Carboxylesterase 2 proteins are efficient diglyceride and monoglyceride lipases possibly implicated in metabolic disease.

Carboxylesterase 2 (CES2/Ces2) proteins exert established roles in (pro)drug metabolism. Recently, human and murine CES2/Ces2c have been discovered as triglyceride (TG) hydrolases implicated in the development of obesity and fatty liver disease. The murine Ces2 family consists of seven homologous genes as opposed to a single CES2 gene in humans.