Pre- and Postnatal Development of the Eye: A Species Comparison.

In this review paper, literature data on pre- and postnatal eye development are compared between humans and nonclinical species that are commonly used for human safety assessment, namely, mouse, rat, rabbit, dog, minipig, and nonhuman primates. Some new data on rat and minipig ocular development are also included. This compiled information can be helpful for species selection in juvenile toxicity studies or assist in the interpretation of (non)clinical data during pediatric drug development.

Histomorphology and vascular lesions in dorsal rat skin used as injection sites for a subcutaneous toxicity study.

Subcutaneous injection of pharmaceutical compounds into the dorsal skin of rats is common in preclinical and nonclinical studies. However, no detailed histologic description of this anatomic location has been published to date. Following the observation of vascular lesions in the dorsum of rats in a thirteen-week toxicity study, a complementary study was performed on untreated Sprague-Dawley rats to evaluate the normal histology of the skin and subcutis, the potential effect of chronic subcutaneous injection on the morphology of the skin and its vasculature, and the spontaneous vascular pathology in the areas used as injection sites in the principal study.

Intimal hyperplasia in rats after subcutaneous injection of a somatostatin analog.

The somatostatin analog octreotide was administered to male and female Sprague-Dawley rats by subcutaneous injection for thirteen weeks at 0 (saline control), 0 (placebo control [mannitol and lactic acid; pH 4.2]), 1.25 mg/kg/day and 2.