Characterization of QTL and eQTL controlling early Fusarium graminearum infection and deoxynivalenol levels in a Wuhan 1 x Nyubai doubled haploid wheat population.

Background: Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a major disease of cereal crops, caused by the fungal pathogen Fusarium graminearum and related species. Breeding wheat for FHB resistance contributes to increase yields and grain quality and to reduce the use of fungicides. The identification of genes and markers for FHB resistance in different wheat genotypes has nevertheless proven challenging.

Genome Editing of a Deoxynivalenol-Induced Transcription Factor Confers Resistance to in Wheat.

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a mycotoxin virulence factor that promotes growth of the fungus in wheat floral tissues. To further our understanding of the effects of DON exposure on plant cell function, we characterized DON-induced transcriptional changes in wheat spikelets. Four hundred wheat genes were differentially expressed during infection with wild-type as compared with a mutant strain that is unable to produce DON.

Correction to: Identification and mapping of expressed genes associated with the 2DL QTL for fusarium head blight resistance in the wheat line Wuhan 1.

Following publication of the original article [1], we have been notified that some important information was omitted by the authors in the Copyright note. The Copyright note should read as below.

Identification and mapping of expressed genes associated with the 2DL QTL for fusarium head blight resistance in the wheat line Wuhan 1.

Background: Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a problem of great concern in small grain cereals, especially wheat. A quantitative trait locus (QTL) for FHB resistance (FHB_SFI) located on the long arm of chromosome 2D in the spring wheat genotype Wuhan 1 is a resistance locus which has potential to improve the FHB resistance of bread wheat since it confers effective resistance to wheat breeding lines. Recently, differentially expressed genes (DEG) have been identified by comparing near isogenic lines (NIL) carrying the susceptible and resistant alleles for the 2DL QTL, using RNA-Seq.

Degradation of salicylic acid by Fusarium graminearum.

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a major cereal crop disease, caused most frequently by the fungus Fusarium graminearum. We have previously demonstrated that F. graminearum can utilize SA as sole source of carbon to grow.

Transcriptome dynamics associated with resistance and susceptibility against fusarium head blight in four wheat genotypes.

Background: Fusarium head blight (FHB) of wheat in North America is caused mostly by the fungal pathogen Fusarium graminearum (Fg). Upon exposure to Fg, wheat initiates a series of cellular responses involving massive transcriptional reprogramming. In this study, we analyzed transcriptomics data of four wheat genotypes (Nyubai, Wuhan 1, HC374, and Shaw), at 2 and 4 days post inoculation (dpi) with Fg, using RNA-seq technology.

Indole-3-acetic acid in Fusarium graminearum: Identification of biosynthetic pathways and characterization of physiological effects.

Fusarium graminearum is a devastating pathogenic fungus causing fusarium head blight (FHB) of wheat. This fungus can produce indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and a very large amount of IAA accumulates in wheat head tissues during the first few days of infection by F. graminearum.

Infection Efficiency of Four Phytophthora infestans Clonal Lineages and DNA-Based Quantification of Sporangia.

The presence and abundance of pathogen inoculum is with host resistance and environmental conditions a key factor in epidemic development. Therefore, several spore-sampling devices have been proposed to monitor pathogen inoculum above fields. However, to make spore sampling more reliable as a management tool and to facilitate its adoption, information on infection efficiency and molecular tools for estimating airborne sporangia concentration are needed.

Leucine metabolism regulates TRI6 expression and affects deoxynivalenol production and virulence in Fusarium graminearum.

TRI6 is a positive regulator of the trichothecene gene cluster and the production of trichothecene mycotoxins [deoxynivalenol (DON)] and acetylated forms such as 15-Acetyl-DON) in the cereal pathogen Fusarium graminearum. As a global transcriptional regulator, TRI6 expression is modulated by nitrogen-limiting conditions, sources of nitrogen and carbon, pH and light. However, the mechanism by which these diverse environmental factors affect TRI6 expression remains underexplored.

Components of priming-induced resistance to Fusarium head blight in wheat revealed by two distinct mutants of Fusarium graminearum.

Two mutants (tri6Δ and noxABΔ) of the fungal pathogen Fusarium graminearum were assessed for their ability to prime immune responses in wheat (cv. Roblin) against challenge with pathogenic F. graminearum.

Phylogeny of the genus Synchytrium and the development of TaqMan PCR assay for sensitive detection of Synchytrium endobioticum in soil.

Potato wart, caused by the fungal pathogen Synchytrium endobioticum, is a serious disease with the potential to cause significant economic damage. The small subunit (SSU) and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) ribosomal DNA (rDNA) were sequenced for several Synchytrium spp., showing a high rate of variability for both of these markers among the different species and monophyly of the genus within phylum Chytridiomycota.

Effect of salicylic acid on Fusarium graminearum, the major causal agent of fusarium head blight in wheat.

Salicylic acid (SA) is one of the key signal molecules in regulating plant resistance to diverse pathogens. In Arabidopsis thaliana, it is predominantly associated with resistance against biotrophic and hemibiotrophic pathogens, and triggering systemic acquired resistance. In contrast, the effect of SA on the defence efficiency of wheat against fusarium head blight (FHB) and its causal agent, Fusarium graminearum, is still poorly understood.

High-dose supplemental selenite to male Syrian hamsters fed hypercholesterolaemic diets alters Ldlr, Abcg8 and Npc1l1 mRNA expression and lowers plasma cholesterol concentrations.

The aim of the present study was to elucidate possible cholesterol-lowering mechanism(s) of high-dose supplemental Se in the form of selenite, a known hypocholesterolaemic agent. Male Syrian hamsters (four groups, ten per group) were fed semi-purified diets for 4 weeks containing 0.1 % cholesterol and 15 % saturated fat with selenite corresponding to varying levels of Se: (1) Se 0.

Antioxidant Supplements Improve Profiles of Hepatic Oxysterols and Plasma Lipids in Butter-fed Hamsters.

Hypercholesterolemic diets are associated with oxidative stress that may contribute to hypercholesterolemia by adversely affecting enzymatically-generated oxysterols involved in cholesterol homeostasis. An experiment was conducted to examine whether the cholesterol-lowering effects of the antioxidants selenium and α-tocopherol were related to hepatic oxysterol concentrations. Four groups of male Syrian hamsters (n = 7-8) were fed high cholesterol and saturated fat (0.