Morphological alterations in gastrointestinal organs of western-diet obese rats submitted to vertical sleeve gastrectomy or Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.

To assess the effect of vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) on the esophageal and intestinal morphology of western diet (WD)-obese rats and to characterize the stomach histopathology of WD rats submitted to VSG. Male Wistar rats received WD from 2-4 months of age, to induce obesity, before randomly submitting them to pseudo (WD-SHAM), VSG (WD-VSG) or RYGB (WD-RYGB) surgeries. Gastrointestinal histomorphometry was performed at 3-months post-surgery.

A combined injectable contraceptive improves plasma redox status and does not induce vascular changes in female rats.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of the combined injectable contraceptive (CIC) containing estradiol valerate (EV) and norethisterone enanthate (NET-EN) on aorta function and morphology, as well as on redox status, of female Wistar rats. Female rats (9-10 weeks of age) received intramuscular injections of CIC (0.1 mg EV plus 1 mg NET-EN) or castor oil (control group, CTL) for 8 weeks, once a week.