Post-acute day and night non-invasive respiratory intervention use and outcome: A brief report.

Objective: This study aimed to describe daytime and nighttime use and outcome of non-invasive respiratory intervention (NIRI) for infants born prematurely and for children with medical complexity (CMC) during a post-acute care hospital (PACH) admission.

Methods: Thirty-eight initial PACH admissions (October 2018 through September 2020) for premature infants (< 1 year; n = 19) and CMC (> 1 year; n = 19) requiring NIRI during the day and/or at night were retrospectively examined. Measures included: 1) daytime and nighttime NIRI use by type (supplemental oxygen therapy via low-flow nasal cannula or positive airway pressure [PAP] via high-flow nasal cannula, continuous positive airway pressure, or biphasic positive airway pressure at admission and discharge) and 2) daytime and nighttime NIRI outcome-reduction, increase, or no change from admission to discharge.

Inter- and Intra-rater Reliability of the Head Control Scale: Brief Report.

Purpose: To examine inter-rater and intra-rater reliability of the Head Control Scale (HCS).

Methods: Introduction of the HCS to eight physical therapists in a pediatric post-acute hospital was followed by use in a repeated-measures design across two trials to establish reliability of the raters. Therapists scored the HCS twice within 4 weeks, using videos of infants at both 2 and 6 months of age, one infant described as typically developing and one with atypical development.

Children dependent on respiratory support: A 10-year review from one pediatric postacute care hospital.

Objective: Pediatric postacute care hospitals (PACH) provide long-term care for children with medical complexity including children dependent on respiratory support. Descriptions of PACH respiratory care populations and outcomes, however, remain under-reported. Our aim was to describe demographics, respiratory outcome, and longitudinal trend of children with respiratory support admitted to a single PACH in the United States.

Scoping Review of Judgment-Based Measures of Ambulation with Assistive Devices for Children and Youth.

Aim: To identify available judgment-based measures of ambulation with assistive devices for the purpose of examining item content and responses to aid in the expansion of the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory Computer Adaptive Test (PEDI-CAT) Mobility Domain.

Methods: PubMed and CINAHL databases were used to identify measures meeting the following criteria: 1) applicable for children/youth; 2) self-report, proxy-report, or interview administration; and 3) assistive device (walker, cane, crutches, gait trainer) use specified or considered with responses. Population, administration, respondent(s), items, and responses were compiled.

A content validity evaluation of the PEDI-CAT Speedy Mobility domain.

: To evaluate the content validity of the PEDI-CAT Speedy Mobility domain through analysis of item and content area exposure, score range and scoring precision.: Retrospective analysis of 3,364 items from assessments (n = 301) completed from 2013 to 2017. Content validity was appraised through analysis of item and content area exposure (item, content area, response frequency), score range (floor and ceiling effect) and scoring precision (person fit, score reliability, item information function).

Development and Validation of Equations to Link Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI) Functional Skills Scores to PEDI-Computer Adaptive Test Scores for Youth with Cerebral Palsy.

The Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI) was revised to the PEDI-Computer Adaptive Test (PEDI-CAT). The PEDI has been used for over two decades to track function in youth, so it is important that follow-up data are not lost with this transition. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate equations for linking PEDI scores to PEDI-CAT scores.

A Tablet-Based Interactive Movement Tool for Pediatric Rehabilitation: Development and Preliminary Usability Evaluation.

Background: Motivating interactive tools may increase adherence to repetitive practice for children with disabilities, but many virtual reality and active video gaming systems are too challenging for children with significant needs.

Objective: The objective of this study was to develop and conduct a usability evaluation of the Fun, Interactive Therapy Board (FITBoard), a movement toy bridging digital and physical interactions for children with disabilities.

Methods: The FITBoard is a tablet app involving games controlled by hand, head, or foot touch of configurable, wired surfaces.

Admissions to Acute Care Within 30 and 90 Days of Discharge Home From a Pediatric Post-acute Care Hospital.

Objectives: Of all hospitalized children, those with medical complexity have the highest likelihood of hospital readmission. Post-acute hospital care could potentially help stabilize the health of these children. We examined the frequency of acute care hospital admissions after discharge home from a post-acute care hospital (PACH).

Physical Therapy Dosing: Frequency and Type of Intervention in Pediatric Postacute Hospital Care.

Purpose: To examine differences in physical therapy dosing frequency recommendations based on children's characteristics and to describe types of intervention recommended at postacute hospital admission.

Methods: Demographic and clinical information, recommended physical therapy intervention frequency, and intervention types were collected for all admissions from April 1, 2015, to March 1, 2016. Differences across 2 groups, children with recommendations for "less" (≤3x/wk) or "more" (≥4x/wk) frequent therapy, were examined.

Construct validity of the pediatric evaluation of disability inventory computer adaptive test (PEDI-CAT) in children with medical complexity.

Purpose: To assess construct (convergent and divergent) validity of the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory Computer Adaptive Test (PEDI-CAT) in a sample of children with complex medical conditions.

Method: Demographics, clinical information, PEDI-CAT normative score, and the Post-Acute Acuity Rating for Children (PAARC) level were collected for all post-acute hospital admissions (n = 110) from 1 April 2015 to 1 March 2016. Correlations between the PEDI-CAT Daily Activities, Mobility, and Social/Cognitive domain scores for the total sample and across three age groups (infant, preschool, and school-age) were calculated.

Responsiveness of the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory-Computer Adaptive Test in measuring functional outcomes for inpatient pediatric rehabilitation.

Purpose: Responsiveness of the PEDI-CAT Mobility, Daily Activities, and Social/Cognitive domains and Wheelchair subdomain was evaluated for youth admitted to a pediatric post-acute care hospital.

Methods: Inpatients ages 2-21 years, with a length of stay of ≥ 5 days and with both admission and discharge scores were included. The difference between mean admission and discharge PEDI-CAT scaled scores were analyzed using paired t-tests.

Child to nurse communication in paediatric post-acute hospital care: evaluation of the VerbalCare tablet application.

VerbalCare is a mobile software platform for hospital patients and nursing staff to communicate in real-time. The purposes of this study were to (1) identify and evaluate icons for the VerbalCare tablet application and (2) examine use and satisfaction with this tablet application in a paediatric post-acute hospital. Hospital nursing staff were surveyed to identify the most common reasons children use the "nursing call bell".

Development and Initial Psychometric Evaluation of the Post-Acute Acuity Rating for Children.

The Post-Acute Acuity Rating for Children (PAARC) is the first known acuity rating intended to reflect medical severity based on age, reason for admission, diagnoses, dependence in activities of daily living, and technology reliance for children admitted to post-acute care rehabilitation hospitals. Content validity was tested using an expert panel scoring the Content Validity Index (CVI). Concurrent validity was examined using clinician's opinion of acuity at admission, the Complexity Index, and All Patient Refined Diagnosis Related Group (APR-DRG) codes.

Neonatal abstinence outcomes in post-acute care: A brief report.

Purpose: To describe characteristics and care outcomes in a pediatric post-acute rehabilitation hospital for infants with Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS).

Methods: Demographic and clinical data were combined for 43 infants accounting for 46 admissions over a two-year period with a diagnosis of NAS and a goal of weaning from treatment medications.

Results: Mean age at admission for the total sample was 21 days.

Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory Computer Adaptive Test (PEDI-CAT) and Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS): Validity and Responsiveness.

Background: Although preliminary studies have established a good psychometric foundation for the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory Computer Adaptive Test (PEDI-CAT) for a broad population of youth with disabilities, additional validation is warranted for young children.

Objective: The study objective was to (1) examine concurrent validity, (2) evaluate the ability to identify motor delay, and (3) assess responsiveness of the PEDI-CAT Mobility domain and the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS).

Methods: Fifty-three infants and young children (<18 months of age) admitted to a pediatric postacute care hospital and referred for a physical therapist examination were included.

Unplanned readmissions to acute care from a pediatric postacute care hospital: incidence, clinical reasons, and predictive factors.

Objective: To identify the incidence, clinical reasons, and predictive factors for unplanned readmissions to acute care from a pediatric postacute care hospital.

Methods: A retrospective cohort analysis of all discharges between October 1, 2011, and September 30, 2013 (n=298), in 1 pediatric postacute care hospital was conducted. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the incidence and assess the clinical reasons for all readmissions to an acute care hospital.

Pediatric post-acute care hospital transitions: an evaluation of current practice.

Objectives: After discharge from an acute care hospital, some children require ongoing care at a post-acute care hospital. Care transitions occur at both admission to the post-acute care hospital and again at discharge to the home/community. Our objective was to report the current practices used during the admission to and discharge from 7 pediatric post-acute care hospitals in the United States.

Cardiorespiratory response during physical therapist intervention for infants and young children with chronic respiratory insufficiency.

Purpose: To document physical therapist intervention activities and cardiorespiratory response for young children with chronic respiratory insufficiency.

Methods: Twelve children born prematurely, 6 to 30 months chronological age and admitted to inpatient pulmonary rehabilitation for oxygen and/or ventilation weaning, were included. During 3 intervention sessions, a second physical therapist recorded intervention activity and heart rate (HR), oxygen saturation (SaO2), and respiratory rate.

Hospital length of stay, discharge disposition, and reimbursement by clinical program group in pediatric post-acute rehabilitation.

Objective: To describe hospital length of stay (LOS), discharge disposition, and reimbursement by clinical group for children admitted to pediatric post-acute rehabilitation.

Methods: Demographic and financial information for all admissions (n=382) for calendar years 2010 and 2011 were combined. Clinical groups (Active Rehabilitation, Medically Complex, Ventilator Dependent, Neonates) were delineated and compared by LOS, discharge disposition, and per diem and per admission reimbursement, as well as by age, gender, admission number, and payer using descriptives, chi-square, or analysis of variance.

A preliminary evaluation of the PEDI-CAT Mobility item bank for children using walking aids and wheelchairs.

Objective: To examine the discriminant validity and scoring patterns of the PEDI-CAT Mobility item bank for children who use a walking aid or wheelchair.

Methods: Parents whose children use a walking aid (n=35) or a wheelchair (n=31) completed the full PEDI-CAT Mobility item bank (105 items including 13 walking aid and 14 wheelchair items) on-line. An independent sample t-test was used to examine mean scores between the groups.

Concurrent validity and reliability of the pediatric evaluation of disability inventory-computer adaptive test mobility domain.

Purpose: To examine concurrent validity, item-specific reliability, and score distributions of the new Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory-Computer Adaptive Test (PEDI-CAT) Mobility domain with the original PEDI Functional Skills (FS) Mobility Scale.

Methods: Thirty-five parents of children with neurodevelopmental disabilities completed the PEDI-CAT on a computer and the paper PEDI FS via interview.

Results: Strength of association between the PEDI-CAT Mobility domain and PEDI FS Mobility Scale scores was good to excellent (r = 0.

Accuracy and precision of the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory computer-adaptive tests (PEDI-CAT).

Aim: The aims of the study were to: (1) build new item banks for a revised version of the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI) with four content domains: daily activities, mobility, social/cognitive, and responsibility; and (2) use post-hoc simulations based on the combined normative and disability calibration samples to assess the accuracy and precision of the PEDI computer-adaptive tests (PEDI-CAT) compared with the administration of all items.

Method: Parents of typically developing children (n = 2205) and parents of children and adolescents with disabilities (n = 703) between the ages of 0 and 21 years, stratified by age and sex, participated by responding to PEDI-CAT surveys through an existing Internet opt-in survey panel in the USA and by computer tablets in clinical sites.

Results: Confirmatory factor analyses supported four unidimensional content domains.

Computer adaptive test performance in children with and without disabilities: prospective field study of the PEDI-CAT.

Purpose: To examine the discriminant validity, test-retest reliability, administration time and acceptability of the pediatric evaluation of disability inventory computer adaptive test (PEDI-CAT).

Methods: A sample of 102 parents of children 3 through 20 years of age with (n = 50) and without (n = 52) disabilities was recruited for this prospective field study. A sub-sample (n = 25) also completed the PEDI-CAT a second time within one month.