Oral ketone esters acutely improve myocardial contractility in post-hospitalized COVID-19 patients: A randomized placebo-controlled double-blind crossover study.

Background: COVID-19 is associated with subclinical myocardial injury. Exogenous ketone esters acutely improve left myocardial function in healthy participants and patients with heart failure, but the effects have not been investigated in participants previously hospitalized for COVID-19.

Methods: This is a randomized placebo-controlled double-blind crossover study comparing a single oral ketone ester dose of 395 mg/kg with placebo.

Weight-loss induced by carbohydrate restriction does not negatively affect health-related quality of life and cognition in people with type 2 diabetes: A randomised controlled trial.

Background & Aims: We evaluated the effect of weight loss induced by dietary carbohydrate restriction on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and cognition in type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: In this randomised parallel trial, 72 adults with T2D and overweight/obesity (mean ± SD, HbA: 57 ± 8 mmol/mol and BMI: 33 ± 5 kg/m) were randomly assigned to a carbohydrate-reduced high-protein diet (CRHP: C30E%-P30E%-F40E%) or conventional diabetes diet (CD: C50E%-P17E%-F33E%) for 6 weeks, targeting a 6% weight loss. HRQoL was assessed from the short form 36 (SF-36) questionnaire, including physical and mental component summary (PCS and MCS) scores; global cognition, verbal memory, attention and psychomotor speed, and executive function were assessed from a neuropsychological test battery.

Effects of Ketone Bodies on Brain Metabolism and Function in Neurodegenerative Diseases.

Under normal physiological conditions the brain primarily utilizes glucose for ATP generation. However, in situations where glucose is sparse, e.g.

[The effect of hyper- and hypoglycaemia on cognition and development of dementia for patients with diabetes mellitus Type 2].

Diabetes mellitus Type 2 is associated with cognitive decline and a risk for developing dementia. The reason for this correlation is poorly understood, but evidence suggests insulin resistance, hyperglycaemia and glucose variability as likely culprits, whereas hypoglycaemia is a marker for cognitive decline rather than the cause. Inflammation and microvascular damage are possible common pathologies.