New nitrosyl ruthenium complexes with combined activities for multiple cardiovascular disorders.

Nitrosyl ruthenium complexes are promising platforms for nitric oxide (NO) and nitroxyl (HNO) release, which exert their therapeutic application. In this context, we developed two polypyridinic compounds with the general formula -[Ru(NO)(bpy)(L)], where L is an imidazole derivative. These species were characterized by spectroscopic and electrochemical techniques, including XANES/EXAFS experiments, and further supported by DFT calculations.

Effects of cilostazol, a Phosphodiesterase-3 inhibitor, on kidney function and redox imbalance in acute kidney injury caused by Bothrops alternatus venom.

Unlabelled: The mechanisms of pathogenesis of acute kidney injury (AKI) in snakebites is multifactorial and involves hemodynamic disturbances, with release of free radical causing cytotoxic effects. The phosphodiesterase-3 (PDE3) inhibitor, Cilostazol, has been reported to provide protection against renal oxidative stress.

Objective: We evaluated the protective effects of cilostazol against Bothrops alternatus snake venom (BaV)-induced nephrotoxicity.

The nitric oxide pathway is involved in the anti-inflammatory effect of the rutheniumcomplex [Ru(bpy)2(2-MIM)(NO)](PF6)3.

Metal coordination complexes are chemotherapeutic and anti-inflammatory agents. The ruthenium complex FOR811A ([Ru(bpy)(2-MIM)Cl](PF)) FOR811A was evaluated in mice models of acute inflammation and behavioral tests. Animals received FOR811A (3, 10 or 30 mg/kg; i.

Synthesis and potential vasorelaxant effect of a novel ruthenium-based nitro complex.

This study aimed to investigate the synthesis and potential vasodilator effect of a novel ruthenium complex, cis-[Ru(bpy)(2-MIM)(NO)]PF (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine and 2-MIM = 2-methylimidazole) (FOR711A), containing an imidazole derivative via an in silico molecular docking model using β1 H-NOX (Heme-nitric oxide/oxygen binding) domain proteins of reduced and oxidized soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC). In addition, pharmacokinetic properties in the human organism were predicted through computational simulations and the potential for acute irritation of FOR711A was also investigated in vitro using the hen's egg chorioallantoic membrane (HET-CAM). FOR711A interacted with sites of the β1 H-NOX domain of reduced and oxidized sGC, demonstrating shorter bond distances to several residues and negative values of total energy.

Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor sildenafil attenuates kidney injury induced by Bothrops alternatus snake venom.

Unlabelled: Acute kidney injury pathogenesis in envenoming by snakes is multifactorial and involves immunologic reactions, hemodynamic disturbances, and direct nephrotoxicity. Sildenafil (SFC), a phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor, has been reported to protect against pathological kidney changes.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of sildenafil against Bothrops alternatus snake venom (BaV)-induced nephrotoxicity.

Anti-asthmatic effect of nitric oxide metallo-donor FOR811A [cis-[Ru(bpy)2(2-MIM)(NO)](PF6)3] in the respiratory mechanics of Swiss mice.

We aimed at evaluating the anti-asthmatic effect of cis-[Ru(bpy)2(2-MIM)(NO)](PF6)3 (FOR811A), a nitrosyl-ruthenium compound, in a murine model of allergic asthma. The anti-asthmatic effects were analyzed by measuring the mechanical lung and morphometrical parameters in female Swiss mice allocated in the following groups: untreated control (Ctl+Sal) and control treated with FOR811A (Ctl+FOR), along asthmatic groups untreated (Ast+Sal) and treated with FOR811A (Ast+FOR). The drug-protein interaction was evaluated by in-silico assay using molecular docking.

Bothrops pauloensis snake venom-derived Asp-49 and Lys-49 phospholipases A2 mediates acute kidney injury by oxidative stress and release of inflammatory cytokines.

The envenomation caused by the Bothrops pauloensis snake leads to severe local and systemic effects including acute kidney injury. In this study, we investigated the renal effects by phospholipases A2 (PLA2s), divided into two main subgroups, Asp-49 and Lys-49, isolated from the Bothrops pauloensis snake venom (BpV) in isolated rat kidney system. Both PLA2s (3 μg/mL), added alone to the perfusion system and analyzed for 120 min, had significant effects on isolated rat kidney.

In silico study of azithromycin, chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine and their potential mechanisms of action against SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly transmissible viral infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Clinical trials have reported improved outcomes resulting from an effective reduction or absence of viral load when patients were treated with chloroquine (CQ) or hydroxychloroquine (HCQ). In addition, the effects of these drugs were improved by simultaneous administration of azithromycin (AZM).

Renal effects of venoms of Mexican coral snakes Micrurus browni and Micrurus laticollaris.

The Micrurus snake venoms mainly cause systemic complications, essentially neurotoxicity. Previous studies, however, have described that they are involved in the occurrence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in animal models. AKI pathogenesis in snakebites is multifactorial and involves immunological reactions, hemodynamic disturbances, and direct nephrotoxicity.

Diagnosis and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection in patients undergoing treatment with immunobiologic agents: a four-year experience in an endemic area.

Objective: To describe the incidence of active tuberculosis and the occurrence of adverse events after isoniazid treatment in patients with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) who also had chronic inflammatory diseases and were treated with immunobiologic agents in an endemic area in Brazil.

Methods: The diagnosis of LTBI was based on anamnesis, clinical examination, chest X-ray, and a tuberculin skin test (TST). Patients received prophylactic treatment (isoniazid for six months) in accordance with the Brazilian guidelines.

Plants and Phytocompounds Active Against Bothrops Venoms.

Snakebite envenomation is an important health problem in tropical countries, with severe human and social consequences. In Latin America, the Bothrops species constitute the main threat to humans, and the envenomation caused by these species quickly develops into severe local tissue damage, including swelling, hemorrhaging, myonecrosis, skin ulceration, and pain. The systemic effects of envenomation are usually neutralized by antivenom serum therapy, despite its intrinsic risks.

Nephrotoxicity induced by the venom of Hypnale hypnale from Sri Lanka: Studies on isolated perfused rat kidney and renal tubular cell lines.

The hump-nosed pit viper Hypnale hypnale is responsible for a high number of snakebite cases in southwestern India and Sri Lanka. Although most patients only develop local signs and symptoms of envenoming, there is a growing body of evidence indicating that these envenomings may be associated with systemic alterations, including acute kidney injury. In this study we evaluated the renal toxicity of H.

High Salt Intake Promotes Different Responses to Urodilatin and Uroguanylin in the Isolated Rat Kidney.

Urodilatin (UD) and uroguanylin (UGN) have been implicated in the regulation of salt and water homeostasis, particularly in the balance handling of salt intake. In this sense, the aim of the present work was to study the main effects of these peptides in kidneys from animals subjected to high NaCl (2%) intake, during 10 days in metabolic cages. The control group received only normal water, whereas the treated group drank 2% solution of NaCl (NaCl 2%).

Renal effects of Bunodosoma caissarum crude extract: Prostaglandin and endothelin involvement.

Sea anemones contain a variety of interesting biologically active compounds, including some potent toxins. PLA from Bunodosoma caissarum, a sea anemone endemic in the Brazilian southern coast, has shown renal alterations on isolated kidney. The aim of this study was to evaluate the renal and vascular effects of B.

Pulmonary mechanic and lung histology induced by Crotalus durissus cascavella snake venom.

This study have analyzed the pulmonary function in an experimental model of acute lung injury, induced by the Crotalus durissus cascavella venom (C. d. cascavella) (3.

Differences between renal effects of venom from two Bothrops jararaca populations from southeastern and southern Brazil.

Components from animal venoms may vary according to the snake's age, gender and region of origin. Recently, we performed a proteomic analysis of Bothrops jararaca venom from southern (BjSv) and southeastern (BjSEv) Brazil, showing differences in the venom composition, as well as its biological activity. To continue the study, we report in this short communication the different effects induced by the BjSEv and BjSv on isolated kidney and MDCK renal cells.

Bothrops erythromelas () venom induces apoptosis on renal tubular epithelial cells.

Bothrops erythromelas is responsible for a large number of snakebite incidents in Northeastern Brazil. Previously, we showed the effects of whole B. erythromelas venom in an isolated kidney model.

Antinociceptive and Anti-inflammatory Activities of the Lectin from Marine Red Alga Solieria filiformis.

Lectins are proteins that bind to specific mono- or oligosaccharides. This study aimed to evaluate the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of the lectin from the red marine alga Solieria filiformis. The animals (n = 6) were pretreated with S.

Study of the safety of methylphenidate: Focus on nephrotoxicity aspects.

Aims: Methylphenidate (MPD) is increasingly prescribed for the treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and there are concerns about its appropriate use. Furthermore, little is known about the potential nephrotoxicity in patients using MPD. This study aimed to investigate the safety of MPD, with focus on the possible effects of this drug on renal function.

l-amino acid oxidase from Bothrops marajoensis causes nephrotoxicity in isolated perfused kidney and cytotoxicity in MDCK renal cells.

Renal alterations caused by Bothrops venom and its compounds are studied to understand these effects and provide the best treatment. Previously, we studied the renal effect of the whole venom of Bothrops marajoensis and its phospholipase A2 (PLA2), but these effects could not to be attributed to PLA2. To continue the study, we report in this short communication the effects of l-amino acid oxidase from B.

The renal effects and initial characterization of venom from Steindachner, 1870.

The venom of the snake is a mixture of proteins and toxic peptides with several important local and systemic actions, which are similar to those occurring in snake bites. The mechanisms involved in the local and systemic actions of this venom are unknown. The aims of the work were to initial characterization of venom and investigate the effects of the poison in the renal perfusion system and in cultured renal tubular cells of the type MDCK (Madin-Darby canine kidney).

Sulfated polysaccharides isolated from the green seaweed Caulerpa racemosa plays antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities in a way dependent on HO-1 pathway activation.

Objective: Marine algae are abundant sources of sulfated polysaccharides with various biological activities. Consequently, their biomolecules are of great of commercial interest. In this study, we investigated the potential antinociceptive activity of a sulfated polysaccharide obtained from the green seaweed Caulerpa racemosa (CrII) and the involvement of the hemoxigenase-1 (HO-1) pathway in its anti-inflammatory effect.

Bothrops leucurus venom induces nephrotoxicity in the isolated perfused kidney and cultured renal tubular epithelia.

Bites from snake (Bothrops genus) cause local tissue damage and systemic complications, which include alterations such as hemostatic system and acute renal failure (ARF). Recent studies suggest that ARF pathogenesis in snakebite envenomation is multifactorial and involves hemodynamic disturbances, immunologic reactions and direct nephrotoxicity. The aim of the work was to investigate the effects of the Bothrops leucurus venom (BlV) in the renal perfusion system and in cultured renal tubular cells of the type MDCK (Madin-Darby Canine kidney).

Antiophidic solanidane steroidal alkaloids from Solanum campaniforme.

Three new solanidane alkaloids bearing a 22,23-epoxy ring (1-3) and four known compounds were isolated from leaves of Solanum campaniforme. The structures were determined using spectroscopic techniques, including 1D and 2D NMR, and HRESIMS experiments. The antiophidic activity of the alkaloids was tested against Bothrops pauloensis venom.

Diagnosis and treatment of latent tuberculosis in patients with chronic inflammatory diseases: use of TNF-alpha-targeting biological products.

Objective: To determine the clinical and epidemiological profile of patients who are candidates for TNF-α inhibitor use and are classified as having latent tuberculosis (LTB), as well as to evaluate the outcomes of prophylactic treatment with isoniazid.

Methods: A prospective descriptive analysis followed by an analytical, observational, cross-sectional study of the outcomes of prophylactic treatment in a group of 45 candidates for TNF-α inhibitor use. We evaluated the patients through anamnesis, clinical examination, chest X-ray, and tuberculin skin test (TST) using the Mantoux method.