Hermetia illucens larvae oil as an alternative lipid source: Effects on immune function, antioxidant activity, and inflammatory response in gilthead seabream juveniles.

Hermetia illucens larvae oil (HIO) is a promising new ingredient that can potentially be an alternative lipid source in aquafeeds. To assess its viability in gilthead seabream juvenile diets, a 10-week feeding trial was performed, and the effects on antioxidant, immune, and inflammatory responses were evaluated. Four diets were formulated to include HIO at increasing levels: 0, 4, 7.

Growth, Hepatic Enzymatic Activity, and Quality of European Seabass Fed on and Poultry By-Product Meal in a Commercial Farm.

Protein meals from insects in combination with poultry by-product meal appear to be promising ingredients for replacing conventional proteins in the diets of carnivorous fish. The present study explored the effects on growth performance, hepatic enzymatic activity, and fillet physical and nutritional characteristics during a 66-day feeding trial performed on European seabass. A total of 3000 fish were distributed into three tanks, where the control group was fed with a commercial diet (CG) and a second group was fed in duplicate with the experimental diet (SSH) containing 10% larva meal, 30% poultry by-product meal, and <5.

The Effects of Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Gut Immune and Oxidative Responses of European Sea Bass (): An Ex Vivo Approach.

This study aimed to evaluate the intestinal interactions between three short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), namely, acetate, propionate, and butyrate, and pathogenic bacteria () in intestinal explants of European sea bass () juveniles. The anterior intestine of 12 fish with an average weight of 100 g (killed by excess anesthesia with 2-phenoxyethanol) were sampled and placed in 24-well plates. The experimental treatments consisted of a control medium and a control plus 1 mM or 10 mM of sodium acetate (SA), sodium butyrate (SB), and sodium propionate (SP).

Black soldier fly larvae meal as a potential modulator of immune, inflammatory, and antioxidant status in gilthead seabream juveniles.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of fish meal (FM) replacement with defatted Hermetia illucens larvae meal (HM) on the hematological profile, immune parameters, intestinal inflammatory status, and antioxidant response in gilthead seabream juveniles. Four diets were formulated, replacing FM with HM at 0%, 22%, 60%, and 100% levels, corresponding to an inclusion level of 15 (diet HM15), 30 (diet HM30), and 45% (diet HM45), respectively. Over 67 days, fish were fed these diets until apparent visual satiation.

Oleic acid as modulator of oxidative stress in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) juveniles fed high dietary lipid levels.

Although the benefits of oleic acid (OA) have been established in mammals, its effects on fish remain understudied. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant potential of OA in the liver, intestine, and muscle of European sea bass juveniles fed diets containing different lipid levels. For that purpose, six diets with 16 or 22% lipids and 0, 1, and 2% OA were formulated and triplicate groups of European sea bass juveniles (21.

Dietary ARA, DHA, and Carbohydrate Ratios Affect the Immune Status of Gilthead Sea Bream Juveniles upon Bacterial Challenge.

This study aims to assess the effects of different dietary n-6/n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios and CHO content in the immune response of gilthead seabream. For that purpose, gilthead sea bream juveniles (initial body weight = 47.5 g) were fed for 84 days with four isoproteic (47% crude protein) and isolipidic (18% crude lipids) diets with high (20%) or low (5%) level of gelatinized starch (HS or LS diets, respectively) and included approximately 2.

Enrichment of a Plant Feedstuff Mixture's Nutritional Value through Solid-State Fermentation.

Plant feedstuffs are the main ingredients of animal feed. Owing to food-feed competition, increasing the utilization efficiency of these feedstuffs is important for animal nutrition. This can be achieved via solid-state fermentation (SSF).

Solid-State Fermentation as Green Technology to Improve the Use of Plant Feedstuffs as Ingredients in Diets for European Sea Bass () Juveniles.

This study aimed to evaluate the utilization by juvenile European sea bass of a SSFed PF mixture with CECT 2088. A 22-day digestibility and a 50-day growth trial were performed testing four diets, including 20 or 40% of an unfermented or SSFed PF mixture (rapeseed, soybean, rice bran, and sunflower seed meals, 25% each). SSF of the PF added cellulase and β-glucosidase activity to the diets.

Feeding Yellow Worms to Meagre: Effects on Whole-Body Fatty Acid Profile and Hepatic and Intestine Oxidative Status.

This study aimed to determine the effects of dietary inclusion of larvae (yellow worms) meal (TM) on meagre fish () whole-body fatty acids (FA) profile and hepatic and intestine oxidative status. For that purpose, fish were fed for 9 weeks a fishmeal-based diet (control) or diets including 10%, 20%, or 30% TM. With the increase in dietary TM level, whole-body oleic acid, linoleic acid, monounsaturated FA, and n-6 polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) increased while saturated FA (SFA), n-3 PUFA, n-3 long chain-PUFA, SFA:PUFA ratio, n3:n6 ratio, and FA retention decreased.

Hepatic, Muscle and Intestinal Oxidative Status and Plasmatic Parameters of Greater Amberjack (, Risso, 1810) Fed Diets with Fish Oil Replacement and Probiotic Addition.

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary fish oil replacement with a mixture of vegetable oils and probiotic supplementation on plasma biochemical parameters, oxidative stress, and antioxidant ability of . Specimens with an initial weight of 175 g were used. Four feeds were formulated with 0% (FO-100), 75% (FO-25), and 100% (FO-0 and FO-0+ with the addition of probiotics) substitution of fish oil with a mixture of linseed, sunflower, and palm oils.

Solid-State Fermentation of Plant Feedstuff Mixture Affected the Physiological Responses of European Seabass () Reared at Different Temperatures and Subjected to Salinity Oscillation.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary inclusion of plant feedstuff mixture (PFM) pre-treated by solid-state fermentation (SSF) on the physiological responses of European seabass. For that purpose, two diets were formulated to contain: 20% inclusion level of non-fermented plant ingredients mixture (20Mix) and 20Mix fermented by in SSF conditions (20Mix-SSF). Seabass juveniles (initial body weight: 20.

Fatty acid-sensing mechanisms in the hypothalamus of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax): The potential role of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids.

This study aimed to evaluate the hypothalamus fatty acid (FA)-sensing mechanisms response to different FA in European sea bass. For that purpose, fish (body weight of 90 g) were intraperitoneally (IP) injected (time 0 h) with five long-chain unsaturated fatty acids, namely, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; C22:5n3); eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; C20:4n3); α-linolenic (ALA; C18:3n3); linoleic acid (LA; C18:2n6) and oleic acid (OA; C18:1n9) at a dose of 300 μg kg, or with 0.9% saline solution (control).

Bone and joint tuberculosis in paediatrics: a 13-year retrospective study.

Bone and joint tuberculosis (BJTB) is rare in developed countries, particularly in the paediatric population. The clinical features and sequelae of paediatric BJTB in Europe are not well characterized and should be assessed to achieve a better approach. To assess the management and outcomes of paediatric BJTB.

Shelf-Life Performance of Fish Feed Supplemented with Bioactive Extracts from Fermented Olive Mill and Winery By-Products.

Fortifying fish feeds with bioactive compounds, such as enzymes and antioxidants, has been an adopted strategy to improve feed nutritional quality and sustainability. However, feed additives can lose activity/effectiveness during pelleting and storage processes. This work aimed to monitor functional activity stability in feeds supplemented with a bioactive extract, including cellulases, xylanases, and antioxidants.

The Interplay between Central and Peripheral Systems in Feed Intake Regulation in European Seabass () Juveniles.

The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of feeding or feed deprivation on the orexigenic and anorexigenic responses at the central (whole brain) and peripheral (anterior and posterior intestine, stomach, and liver) system levels in European seabass. For this purpose, a group of fish (208 g) was fed a single meal daily for 8 days (fed group) and another group was feed-deprived for 8 days (unfed group). Compared to the fed group, in the whole brain, feed deprivation did not induce changes in , , and expression, but increased and expression.

Potential of Red, Green and Brown Seaweeds as Substrates for Solid State Fermentation to Increase Their Nutritional Value and to Produce Enzymes.

Seaweeds are valuable feedstocks with the potential to be used as ingredients in aquafeeds. However, their use are still limited, given their recalcitrant polysaccharide structure. To break this structure, a biotechnological approach such as solid-state fermentation (SSF) by filamentous fungi can be used, which simultaneously increases the nutritional value of the biomass.

Valorization of Brewer's Spent Grain Using Biological Treatments and its Application in Feeds for European Seabass ().

Brewer's spent grain (BSG) is the main brewery industry by-product, with potential applications in the feed and food industries due to its carbohydrate composition. In addition, the lignocellulosic nature of BSG makes it an adequate substrate for carbohydrases production. In this work, solid-state fermentation (SSF) of BSG was performed with a non-mycotoxin producer fungus with a high capacity to hydrolyze the lignocellulosic matrix of the agro-industrial by-products.

In vitro modulation of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) leukocytes by Bacillus spp. extracellular molecules upon bacterial challenge.

Stimulation of the fish immune system using immunostimulants is an environmentally friendly strategy to minimize bacterial outbreaks in aquaculture. Different biological and synthetic immunostimulants can enhance non-specific innate immune responses by directly activating immune cells. An example are Bacillus spp.

Solid-state fermented brewer's spent grain enzymatic extract increases in vitro and in vivo feed digestibility in European seabass.

Brewer's spent grain (BSG) is the largest by-product originated from the brewery industry with a high potential for producing carbohydrases by solid-state fermentation. This work aimed to test the efficacy of a carbohydrases-rich extract produced from solid-state fermentation of BSG, to enhance the digestibility of a plant-based diet for European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax). First, BSG was fermented with A.

Current Evidence in Migraine Surgery: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Migraine headache is a widespread neurovascular disorder with an enormous social and economic impact. A subgroup of patients cannot be managed with pharmacological therapy. Although surgical decompression of extracranial sensory nerves has been proposed as a valid alternative treatment option, the medical community remains reluctant to accept it.

Dietary tryptophan supplementation does not affect growth but increases brain serotonin level and modulates the expression of some liver genes in zebrafish (Danio rerio).

This study aimed at assessing the effects of the dietary tryptophan (Trp) supplementation on growth and feed utilization, brain serotonin content, and expression of selected liver genes (involved in the liver serotonin pathway, protein synthesis degradation, and antioxidant activity) in zebrafish. A growth trial was conducted with zebrafish juveniles fed five experimental isoproteic (40%DM) and isolipidic (8%DM) fishmeal-based diets containing graded levels of Trp: a Trp-non-supplemented diet (diet Trp0, with 0.22% Trp) and four Trp-supplemented diets containing 2-16 times higher Trp content (diets Trp2, Trp4, Trp8, and Trp16 with 0.

Dissection Technique for Abdominoplasty With Scarpa Fascia Preservation: Comparative Study on Avulsion Technique Versus Diathermocoagulation.

Background: Many strategies have been developed to lower the high complication rate associated with a full abdominoplasty. The dissection technique may have a role to achieve this goal.

Objectives: The present study compared 2 different dissection techniques to perform a full abdominoplasty with Scarpa fascia preservation: avulsion technique and electrodissection.