Prenatal stress induces sex- and tissue-specific alterations in insulin pathway of Wistar rats offspring.

Background And Aims: Prenatal stress may lead to tissue and sex-specific cardiometabolic disorders in the offspring through imbalances in the insulin signaling pathway. Therefore, we aimed to determine the sex-specific adaptations of prenatal stress on the insulin signaling pathway of cardiac and hepatic tissue of adult offspring Wistar rats.

Methods: Wistar pregnant rats were divided into control and stress groups.

Molecular mechanisms underlying fructose-induced cardiovascular disease: exercise, metabolic pathways and microRNAs.

New Findings: What is the central question of this study? What are the mechanisms underlying the cardiac protective effect of aerobic training in the progression of a high fructose-induced cardiometabolic disease in Wistar rats? What is the main finding and its importance? At the onset of cardiovascular disease, aerobic training activates the p-p70S6K, ERK and IRβ-PI3K-AKT pathways, without changing the miR-126 and miR-195 levels, thereby providing evidence that aerobic training modulates the insulin signalling pathway. These data contribute to the understanding of the molecular cardiac changes that are associated with physiological left ventricular hypertrophy during the development of a cardiovascular disease.

Abstract: During the onset of cardiovascular disease (CVD), disturbances in myocardial vascularization, cell proliferation and protein expression are observed.

Oscillatory shear stress induces hemostatic imbalance in healthy men.

Introduction: In vitro and animal model studies have demonstrated that oscillatory shear can trigger vascular hemostasis and remodeling. However, the roles of hemodynamic forces in vascular human biology are not well understood. This study aimed to determine the effects of increasing oscillatory shear stress (OSS) on coagulation/fibrinolysis factors and matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity in healthy subjects.

Sex Differences in High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein in Subjects with Risk Factors of Metabolic Syndrome.

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) is a prototypic marker of inflammation usually increased in MetS. Women with MetS-related diseases present higher hsCRP levels than men with MetS-related diseases, suggesting sex differences in inflammatory markers.