Evolution of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, nasal flow and systolic pressure of the pulmonary artery in children with indication for adenoidectomy and/or tonsillectomy over 18 months.

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in childhood has aroused great interest due to its cardiovascular repercussions and its adverse effects on the quality of life of the affected individuals. However, fundamental aspects of the syndrome remain unknown.

Objective: Herein we prospectively assessed pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) and nasal flow in children with obstructive oral breathing with an indication for adenoidectomy and/or tonsillectomy and their relationship to the obstructive apnea and hypopnea index (OAHI).

Is the growth pattern in mouth breathers comparable with the counterclockwise mandibular rotation of nasal breathers?

Introduction: The aim of this longitudinal study was to investigate mandibular rotation and angular remodeling in mouth-breathing children compared with nasal-breathing children.

Methods: The sample included 55 severely obstructed mouth-breathing children (mean age, 6.1 years) and 55 nasal-breathing children (mean age, 7.