Influence of age-related bone density changes on primary stability in stemless shoulder arthroplasty: a multi-implant finite element study.

Background: Stemless implants were introduced to prevent some of the stem-related complications associated with the total shoulder arthroplasty. Although general requirements for receiving these implants include good bone quality conditions, little knowledge exists about how bone quality affects implant performance. The goal of this study was to evaluate the influence of age-induced changes in bone density, as a metric of bone quality, in the primary stability of five anatomic stemless shoulder implants using three-dimensional finite element (FE) models.