Parents' Use of Nonpharmacologic Methods to Manage Procedural Pain in Infants.

Objective: To describe parents' use of nonpharmacologic methods to manage infant procedural pain in the NICU and determine the demographic factors related to such use.

Design: A cross-sectional and descriptive study design.

Setting: Level III and Level II NICUs (seven units) of four University Hospitals in Finland.

Nurses' perceptions of pain assessment and management practices in neonates: a cross-sectional survey.

Aims: This study aimed to describe pain assessment and management practices for neonates based on nurses' perceptions in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs).

Design: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted in Finland.

Methods: Of all nurses (N = 422) working in the NICUs in the country's five university hospitals, 294 responded to a questionnaire.

Nurses' and Parents' Perceptions of Parental Guidance on Using Nonpharmacological Pain-Relieving Methods Among Neonates in the NICU.

Despite growing knowledge of parents' important role in their infants' pain management, the extent to which nurses in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) provide guidance to parents on nonpharmacological methods is unclear. This study aimed to describe and compare the perceptions of parental guidance in using nonpharmacological pain-relieving methods among neonates in NICUs from the viewpoints of nurses and parents, and to examine the participants' demographics related to the guidance. A cross-sectional, descriptive, correlational study using questionnaire surveys was conducted.

Mothers' Perceptions of Labor Support.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe mothers' perceptions of labor support during childbirth.

Study Design And Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive, correlational survey design was used. Data were collected using the Bryanton Adaptation of Nursing Support in Labor Questionnaire (BANSILQ) completed by new mothers (n = 260) in the postnatal ward in a Finnish university hospital.

Development and preliminary validation of the Neonatal Infant Acute Pain Assessment Scale (NIAPAS).

Background: Several pain scales are available for neonates, but, unfortunately they are only rarely used in clinical practice. To help with the current situation of unrecognized and under-treated pain in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), we developed an assessment tool in close collaboration with clinical staff.

Objectives: To develop a multidimensional scale, NIAPAS (the Neonatal Infant Acute Pain Assessment Scale), that is sensitive to the needs of infants in neonatal intensive care units, and to test the validity, reliability, feasibility and clinical utility of the scale for this population.

Nurse managers' perceptions related to their leadership styles, knowledge, and skills in these areas-a viewpoint: case of health centre wards in Finland.

The purpose of this study was to explore nurse managers' perceptions related to their leadership styles, knowledge, and their skills in these areas in health centre wards in Finland. The data were collected from nurse managers (n = 252) in health centre hospitals in Finland using a structured questionnaire (response rate 63%). Six leadership styles-visionary, coaching, affiliate, democratic, commanding, and isolating-were reflected on.

Expectations associated with the use of music in neonatal intensive care: a survey from the viewpoint of parents.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe parents' expectations concerning the use of music in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and to reveal any related background factors.

Design And Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive, and correlational design guided a survey of 197 parents from five NICUs in Finland.

Results: Most parents agreed that the preferred music could have positive effects on the infants, staff, and parents in the NICU.

Nurses' expectations of using music for premature infants in neonatal intensive care unit.

This study aimed to describe nurses' expectations of using music for premature infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and to find out about the related background factors. The subjects consisted of 210 Finnish nurses who were recruited from the country's five university hospitals providing premature infant care in NICU. The data were collected by validated questionnaire, and the response rate was 82%.

Stress of conscience among staff caring for older persons in Finland.

Caring for older persons is both rewarding and consuming. Work with older people in Finland has been shown to be more burdensome than in the other Nordic countries. The aim of this study was to try out a Finnish version of the Stress of Conscience Questionnaire (SCQ) and explore stress of conscience in staff caring for older persons in Finland.

Changes in Finnish nursing students' nursing orientations between mid 1990s and mid-2000s.

Aims: The main purpose of the study was to identify nursing students' orientations to nursing, their experiences of caring and nursing, the meaning of nursing and the expectations applied to a nursing career, and to report the changes in the orientations between the mid-1990s and the mid-2000s. Another aim was to determine the extent to which students' age, sex, having children, pre-educational caring experiences and intentions to leave nursing might explain the changes in nursing orientations.

Background: There is a worldwide shortage of nurses but at the same time there is an ever decreasing number of applicants that are entering nursing education.

Impact of caregiving on Finnish family caregivers.

Background: Numerous studies have examined the caregiver burden that family caregivers often experience. However, caregiving situations may also include positive elements that have recently received greater research attention.

Aim: The aim was to examine the positive value and negative impact of caregiving for the family caregiver.

Nurses' attitudes and perceptions of pain assessment in neonatal intensive care.

Background: Pain assessment of premature infants continue to be ineffective. The problem may be partly because of misconceptions or lack of knowledge in the assessment of pain in children.

Aims: This paper reports a study to describe nurses' attitudes towards and perceptions of pain assessment in neonatal intensive care and the demographic factors related to these attitudes and perceptions of pain.

The use of physical restraint in institutional care of older people in Finland: nurses' individual, communal and alternative modes of action.

Aims And Objectives: The aim of the study was to map nursing staff's individual, communal and alternative modes of action in situations where they used physical restraint of older people in Finland.

Background: The use of physical restraint in institutional care of older people involves modes of action that are linked to the personalities and modes of operation of individual nurses or to communal modes of operation mutually agreed on in the workplace. Nurse's individual modes of operation are linked to consideration towards older people when using physical restraint.

Imagery-induced relaxation in children's postoperative pain relief: a randomized pilot study.

This study aimed to test the efficacy of imagery and relaxation in hospitalized children's postoperative pain relief. Sixty children aged 8-12 years who had undergone appendectomy or upper/lower limb surgery and had been randomly assigned to the experimental group (n(1) = 30) listened to an imagery trip CD, whereas those in the control group (n(2) = 30) received standard care. An investigator-developed questionnaire was used, and the intensity of pain was assessed using a visual analogue scale: before (Phase 1), immediately after (Phase 2), and 1 hour after (Phase 3) intervention or standard care.

Family members' perceptions of the quality of long-term care.

The aim of the study is to assess family members' perceptions of the quality of nursing care of older people and its relationships between demographic factors and family involvement. Data were gathered from family members of four residential homes (N= 474) using structured questionnaires. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation, and predictive analyses.

Factors influencing nurses' use of nonpharmacological pain alleviation methods in paediatric patients.

The purpose of this study was to describe the factors promoting and hindering nurses' use of nonpharmacological methods in children's surgical pain relief, and demographic variables related to this. The data were collected by a Likert-type questionnaire, which was completed by nurses (n = 162) who were working in one of the paediatric surgical wards located in university hospitals in Finland. The response rate was 99%.

Parental views on participation in their child's pain relief measures and recommendations to health care providers.

The purpose of this study was to describe parental views on the factors influencing participation in their 8- to 12-year-old hospitalized child's surgical pain relief measures, and the recommendations to health care providers concerning alleviation of their child's pain. The data were collected by a questionnaire completed by parents (N = 192) whose child was hospitalized in one of the pediatric surgical wards in the five university hospitals of Finland. Results revealed that most of the parents (98%) agreed to having adequate opportunities to participate in their child's care according to their personal preferences; however, only 23% of the parents totally agreed that they had a clearly defined role in their child's pain relief measures.