Long-term nitrofurantoin: an analysis of complication awareness, monitoring, and pulmonary injury cases.

Background: Long-term nitrofurantoin (NF) treatment can result in pulmonary and hepatic injury. Current guidelines do not outline the type or frequency of monitoring required for detection of these injuries.

Aim: To assess 1) awareness of NF complications among prescribers; 2) monitoring practice; and 3) to describe the pulmonary sequelae of NF-related complications.

Ward round template: enhancing patient safety on ward rounds.

Introduction And Aims: Concerns had been raised at clinical governance regarding the safety of our inpatient ward rounds with particular reference to: documentation of clinical observations and National Early Warning Score (NEWS), compliance with Trust guidance for venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk assessment, antibiotic stewardship, palliative care and treatment escalation plans (TEP). This quality improvement project was conceived to ensure these parameters were considered and documented during the ward round, thereby improving patient care and safety. These parameters were based on Trust patient safety guidance and CQUIN targets.

Mirabegron in overactive bladder patients: efficacy review and update on drug safety.

Overactive bladder is a common condition, which significantly affects people's quality of life. The use of anticholinergic medication has been the mainstay of managing overactive bladder when conservative measures are not enough. Many patients stop anticholinergic medication because of the side effects and more recently the concerns about the effect of an anticholinergic burden and the development of dementia have been studied.

Urinary incontinence in men: current and developing therapy options.

Introduction: Urinary incontinence in men is a significant and often underappreciated problem. Men can have urgency and or stress incontinence. Urgency incontinence as part of the overactive bladder (OAB) syndrome and can often coexist with benign prostatic obstruction (BPO) in men and the initial treatment of this is conservative lifestyle changes and then medical therapy.

Leak point pressures: how useful are they?

Purpose Of Review: The present article reviews the literature from the last 12 months relevant to our understanding of leak point pressures.

Recent Findings: Literature is reviewed regarding leak point pressures.

Summary: There remains a need for larger randomized trials, investigating urodynamic parameters with relation to effective surgical management of urinary stress incontinence.

Invasive urodynamic studies for the management of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in men with voiding dysfunction.

Background: Invasive urodynamic tests are used to investigate men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and voiding dysfunction to determine a definitive objective diagnosis. The aim is to help clinicians select the treatment that is most likely to be successful. These investigations are invasive and time-consuming.

Lower urinary tract symptom: still too much focus on the prostate?

Purpose Of Review: Male patients with lower urinary tract symptoms have historically been managed in a prostate centric fashion. Population studies highlighting the prevalence and significance of storage symptoms, including nocturia, have meant a shift in the way men with lower urinary tract symptoms are assessed and managed. We review the recent guidelines and publications that have addressed this change in approach.

Diagnosis of male incontinence.

Purpose Of Review: A review of the diagnosis of male urinary incontinence, with particular reference to studies published within the last year.

Recent Findings: One of the most important studies from the last year is the drafting of a bladder diary, consistent with the International Consultation on Incontinence modular Questionnaire modules. Patients and clinicians have been consulted on content and format, and further phases are intended to test validity and reliability of the diary.

The trends in prostate specific antigen usage amongst United Kingdom urologists--a questionnaire based study.

Background: Worldwide, the use of prostate specific antigen (PSA) testing as a screen for prostate cancer is contentious. Whilst there is no National UK Screening programme, many men undergo opportunistic screening. This study investigates UK urologist's usage of PSA and the awareness surrounding the Department of Health (DoH) PSA guidelines.