Strong interlayer magnetic exchange coupling in LaNiO revealed by inelastic neutron scattering.

After several decades of studies of high-temperature superconductivity, there is no compelling theory for the mechanism yet; however, the spin fluctuations have been widely believed to play a crucial role in forming the superconducting Cooper pairs. The recent discovery of high-temperature superconductivity near 80 K in the bilayer nickelate LaNiO under pressure provides a new platform to elucidate the origins of high-temperature superconductivity. We perform elastic and inelastic neutron scattering studies on a polycrystalline sample of LaNiO at ambient pressure.

Uncovering the phonon spectra and lattice dynamics of plastically deformable InSe van der Waals crystals.

Stacking two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) materials in a layered bulk structure provides an appealing platform for the emergence of exotic physical properties. As a vdW crystal with exceptional plasticity, InSe offers the opportunity to explore various effects arising from the coupling of its peculiar mechanical behaviors and other physical properties. Here, we employ neutron scattering techniques to investigate the correlations of plastic interlayer slip, lattice anharmonicity, and thermal transport in InSe crystals.

Developing a web-based app for non-mental health nurses to assess the mental health needs and risks of children and young people.

There is high demand for specialist mental health services for children and young people in the UK. Non-mental health nurses are well-placed to assess the mental health needs and risks of children and young people to maximise opportunities for early intervention and relieve the pressure on child and adolescent mental health services. This article provides an overview of a service development project to develop a web-based application (app) to support non-mental health nurses when assessing the mental health needs and risks of children and young people.

Increased frequency of repeat expansion mutations across different populations.

Repeat expansion disorders (REDs) are a devastating group of predominantly neurological diseases. Together they are common, affecting 1 in 3,000 people worldwide with population-specific differences. However, prevalence estimates of REDs are hampered by heterogeneous clinical presentation, variable geographic distributions, and technological limitations leading to under-ascertainment.

Absence of Clinically Meaningful Drug-Drug Interactions with Rezafungin: Outcome of Investigations.

Rezafungin is a novel once-weekly echinocandin for intravenous injection currently in development for the treatment of infections and the prevention of , Aspergillus, and Pneumocystis infections in allogeneic blood and marrow transplant recipients. While data indicated that rezafungin exposure was unlikely to be affected by commonly prescribed medicines, interactions resulting in the altered systemic exposure of some drugs coadministered with rezafungin could not be excluded. Two phase 1 open label crossover studies, conducted in healthy subjects, examined drug interactions between rezafungin and multiple drug probe cytochrome P450 (CYP) substrates and/or transporter proteins, immunosuppressants, and cancer therapies.

Dynamics in the ordered and disordered phases of barocaloric adamantane.

High-entropy order-disorder phase transitions can be used for efficient and eco-friendly barocaloric solid-state cooling. Here the barocaloric effect is reported in an archetypal plastic crystal, adamantane. Adamantane has a colossal isothermally reversible entropy change of 106 J K kg.

Field-tuned quantum effects in a triangular-lattice Ising magnet.

We report thermodynamic and neutron scattering measurements of the triangular-lattice quantum Ising magnet TmMgGaO in longitudinal magnetic fields. Our experiments reveal a quasi-plateau state induced by quantum fluctuations. This state exhibits an unconventional non-monotonic field and temperature dependence of the magnetic order and excitation gap.

Microbiomes of Urine and the Prostate Are Linked to Human Prostate Cancer Risk Groups.

Background: Bacteria play a suspected role in the development of several cancer types, and associations between the presence of particular bacteria and prostate cancer have been reported.

Objective: To provide improved characterisation of the prostate and urine microbiome and to investigate the prognostic potential of the bacteria present.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Microbiome profiles were interrogated in sample collections of patient urine (sediment microscopy: n = 318, 16S ribosomal amplicon sequencing: n = 46; and extracellular vesicle RNA-seq: n = 40) and cancer tissue (n = 204).

Neutron Scattering Studies of the Breathing Pyrochlore Antiferromagnet LiGaCr_{4}O_{8}.

We report neutron scattering measurements of the spinel oxide LiGaCr_{4}O_{8}, in which magnetic ions Cr^{3+} form a breathing pyrochlore lattice. Our experiments reveal the coexistence of a nearly dispersionless resonance mode and dispersive spin-wave excitations in the magnetically ordered state, which can be quantitatively described by a quantum spin model of hexagonal loops and linear spin-wave theory with the same set of exchange parameters, respectively. Comparison to other Cr spinel oxides reveals a linear relationship between the resonance energy and lattice constant across all these materials, which is in agreement with our hexagonal loop calculations.

Low thermal conductivity in a modular inorganic material with bonding anisotropy and mismatch.

The thermal conductivity of crystalline materials cannot be arbitrarily low, as the intrinsic limit depends on the phonon dispersion. We used complementary strategies to suppress the contribution of the longitudinal and transverse phonons to heat transport in layered materials that contain different types of intrinsic chemical interfaces. BiOCl and BiOSe encapsulate these design principles for longitudinal and transverse modes, respectively, and the bulk superlattice material BiOSeCl combines these effects by ordering both interface types within its unit cell to reach an extremely low thermal conductivity of 0.

A Retrospective Case Series Analysis of the Relationship Between Phenylalanine: Tyrosine Ratio and Cerebral Glucose Metabolism in Classical Phenylketonuria and Hyperphenylalaninemia.

We retrospectively examined the relationship between blood biomarkers, in particular the historical mean phenylalanine to tyrosine (Phe:Tyr) ratio, and cerebral glucose metabolism. We hypothesized that the historical mean Phe:Tyr ratio would be more predictive of cerebral glucose metabolism than the phenylalanine (Phe) level alone. We performed a retrospective case series analysis involving 11 adult classical phenylketonuria/hyperphenylalaninemia patients under the care of an Inherited Metabolic & Neuropsychiatry Clinic who had complained of memory problems, collating casenote data from blood biochemistry, and clinical [F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography ([F]FDG PET).

Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS)/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (ME) and Fibromyalgia (FM): the foundation of a relationship.

Introduction: Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS)/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (ME) and fibromyalgia (FM) are both debilitating syndromes with complex polysymptomatology. Early research infers that a relationship may exist even though the diagnosis provided may influence the management trajectory. In the absence of a diagnostic test and treatment, this study aims to confirm the symptoms and their severity, which may infer a relationship and influence future research.

Exploratory study into the relationship between the symptoms of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS)/myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME) and fibromyalgia (FM) using a quasiexperimental design.

Objective: To explore the relationship between symptoms of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS)/myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME) and fibromyalgia (FM). The hypothesis predicated that there would be no significant differences between the group's symptom experience.

Design: A quasiexperimental design.

A "Necessary Evil": Staff Perspectives of Soft Restraint Kit Use in a High-Security Hospital.

Introduction: Forensic mental health nurses working at the forefront of services can intermittently face enduring and somewhat harrowing or stressful situations. Enclosed is an example of the use of mechanical restraints (Soft Restraint Kit) for a two month period. Staff experience of working under such circumstances is an under reported area.

The effect of previous shoulder pain on supraspinatus tendon thickness changes following swimming practice.

Objectives: To assess if swimming practice results in changes in supraspinatus tendon thickness, acromiohumeral distance, and occupational ratio in shoulders of elite swimmers with and without a history of shoulder pain.

Design: Case-Control study.

Methods: A convenience sample of fifty elite swimmers (14-22 years) were recruited for this study.

A cluster-randomized crossover trial of Montessori activities delivered by family carers to nursing home residents with behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia.

Objectives: One-on-one structured Montessori-based activities conducted with people with dementia can improve agitation and enhance engagement. These activities may however not always be implemented by nursing home staff. Family members may present an untapped resource for enabling these activities.

Absence of Pharmacokinetic Interactions between the Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Fenebrutinib and Methotrexate.

Fenebrutinib (GDC-0853) is an orally administered small molecule inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase being investigated for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in patients with inadequate responses to methotrexate (MTX). This study interrogated the potential for pharmacokinetic drug interactions between fenebrutinib and MTX. Eighteen healthy male subjects were enrolled in the study.

A four-group urine risk classifier for predicting outcomes in patients with prostate cancer.

Objectives: To develop a risk classifier using urine-derived extracellular vesicle (EV)-RNA capable of providing diagnostic information on disease status prior to biopsy, and prognostic information for men on active surveillance (AS).

Patients And Methods: Post-digital rectal examination urine-derived EV-RNA expression profiles (n = 535, multiple centres) were interrogated with a curated NanoString panel. A LASSO-based continuation ratio model was built to generate four prostate urine risk (PUR) signatures for predicting the probability of normal tissue (PUR-1), D'Amico low-risk (PUR-2), intermediate-risk (PUR-3), and high-risk (PUR-4) prostate cancer.

The effect of particle size, morphology and support on the formation of palladium hydride in commercial catalysts.

The relative amounts of hydrogen retained by a range of supported palladium catalysts have been investigated by a combination of electron microscopy and spectroscopic techniques, including incoherent inelastic neutron scattering. Contrary to expectation, the hydrogen capacity is not determined solely by the metal particle size, but it is a complex interaction between the particle size and its state of aggregation. The nature of the support is not only integral to the amount of hydrogen held by the catalyst, it also causes a marked difference in the rate of release of stored hydrogen from palladium.

Correction to: Application of a Novel 'Make and Test in Parallel' Strategy to Investigate the Effect of Formulation on the Pharmacokinetics of GDC-0810 in Healthy Subjects.

The Publisher regrets the typesetting mistake of retaining incorrect text in the Figure 1 caption. The correct text for the caption is "Molecular Structure of GDC-0810 NMG Salt". The original article has been corrected.

Application of a Novel 'Make and Test in Parallel' Strategy to Investigate the Effect of Formulation on the Pharmacokinetics of GDC-0810 in Healthy Subjects.

Purpose: GDC-0810, administered orally, was used in Phase I and II clinical studies to treat estrogen receptor positive breast cancers. It contains N-methyl-D-glucamine (NMG) salt of GDC-0810 with 10% sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) as a surfactant and 15% sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO) as an alkalizing agent to aid dissolution. To improve the processability of the formulation and reduce potential mucosal irritation in future Phase III clinical studies, the salt form and the amount of excipient required further optimization.