Outcomes According to Discharge Location for Persons Who Inject Drugs Receiving Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy.

Background: Opioid use disorder poses a significant public health risk. Persons who inject drugs (PWID) suffer from high mortality and morbidity secondary to serious infectious diseases, often requiring prolonged courses of outpatient parenteral antibiotics. The goal of this study was to determine the outcomes of PWID discharged to home or to a skilled nursing or rehabilitation facility (SNF/rehab) with parenteral antibiotic treatment under an outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) program.

New concepts in HIV-1 vaccine development.

With 2 million people newly infected with HIV-1 in 2014, an effective HIV-1 vaccine remains a major public health priority. HIV-1 vaccine efficacy trials in humans, complemented by active and passive immunization studies in non-human primates, have identified several key vaccine-induced immunological responses that may correlate with protection against HIV-1 infection. Potential correlates of protection in these studies include V2-specific, polyfunctional, and broadly neutralizing antibody responses, as well as effector memory T cell responses.