Predicting corneal refractive power changes after orthokeratology.

This study aimed to characterise corneal refractive power (CRP) changes along the principal corneal meridians during orthokeratology (OK). Nineteen myopes (mean age 28 ± 7 years) were fitted with OK lenses in both eyes. Corneal topography was captured before and after 14 nights of OK lens wear.

Ultraviolet radiation transmission of soft disposable contact lenses and ISO 18369: claims and compliance.

Clinical Relevance: This study was carried out to provide advice to eye care practitioners on those soft disposable contact lenses that comply with the Class 1 or Class 2 requirements of the international standard ISO 18369 for ultraviolet radiation protection.

Background: This study was carried out to provide advice to eye care practitioners on those soft disposable contact lenses that comply with the Class 1 or Class 2 requirements of the international standard ISO 18369 for ultraviolet radiation (UVR) protection and to validate any claims made. It is intended to be used when a patient needs or requests UVR protection.

Manipulation of Front-Surface Profile of Scleral Contact Lenses to Alter Peripheral Refraction.

Significance: The front optic zone diameter of scleral contact lenses was manipulated to mimic the central treatment zone induced by orthokeratology contact lens wear, to explore potential effects on the peripheral refraction profile.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate effects on the peripheral refraction profile of changing front optic zone diameters of scleral contact lenses.

Methods: Twelve young adults were fitted with scleral contact lenses (diameter, 16.

Corneal Total and Epithelial Thickness Measured by Sonogage Ultrasound Pachometry and High-resolution Optical Coherence Tomography.

Significance: This research questions the validity of using the Sonogage ultrasound (US) pachometer to measure corneal epithelial thickness and coincidentally provides confirmation for the conventional view of the mechanism of orthokeratology (OK) based on central epithelial thinning.

Purpose: The Sonogage (Corneo-Gage Plus 1) pachometer uses A-scan US to measure total corneal thickness. It is claimed that this instrument can also measure corneal epithelial thickness.

Reply to Crawford et al.: Why Trap-Neuter-Return (TNR) Is an Ethical Solution for Stray Cat Management.

The recently published article, 'A Case of Letting the Cat out of the Bag-Why Trap-Neuter-Return Is Not an Ethical Solution for Stray Cat () Management,' by Crawford et al. warrants rebuttal. The case presented in the paper, opposing the initiation of TNR trials in Australia, ignores peer-reviewed evidence which substantiates the effectiveness of TNR at reducing unowned urban cat numbers.

The impact of orthokeratology lens wear on binocular vision and accommodation: A short-term prospective study.

Purpose: To investigate the effects of short-term orthokeratology (OK) on accommodation and binocular visual function in young adults.

Methods: Twenty-four myopes (18 to 38 years) were fitted with OK lenses in both eyes. Best corrected distance visual acuity (VA), subjective and objective refractions, corneal topography and a series of binocular vision tests were measured at baseline (BL) before lens wear and then repeated after 28 nights of OK.

Application of a Protocol Based on Trap-Neuter-Return (TNR) to Manage Unowned Urban Cats on an Australian University Campus.

In August 2008, the University of New South Wales (UNSW) in Sydney, Australia, commenced a trap-neuter-return (TNR) program to manage the population of approximately 69 free-roaming unowned urban cats on its Kensington campus. The goals of the program included an ongoing audit of cats on campus, stabilization of cat numbers through TNR, and a subsequent reduction in cat numbers over time while maintaining the health of remaining campus cats. Continuation of the TNR program over nine years resulted in a current population, as of September 2017, of 15 cats, all desexed (78% reduction).

Accuracy and Repeatability of an Anterior Segment Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomographer.

Objectives: To assess accuracy and repeatability of the CASIA swept-source optical coherence tomographer (SS-OCT) in measuring contact lens (CL) radii of curvature and thicknesses compared with verified CL parameters and to investigate intrasession and intersession repeatability of the CASIA SS-OCT in measuring epithelial and total corneal thicknesses.

Methods: Rigid CLs with varying radii of curvature (front, rf; back, rb) and thicknesses were imaged with the CASIA SS-OCT across two sessions. Contact lens parameters were measured from processed images using an automated MATLAB program and were compared with parameters verified using standard techniques.

Discontinuation of long term orthokeratology lens wear and subsequent refractive surgery outcome.

Purpose: To report a case of lens discontinuation in a long term orthokeratology (OK) lens wearer and describe regression in refraction, corneal topography, and corneal thickness over 408days after lens discontinuation. Furthermore, the outcome of subsequent LASIK treatment is also reported.

Case Report: A 41year old Caucasian female who had been previously wearing OK lenses for 13 years discontinued lens wear in the left eye to consider refractive surgery in that eye.

Changes in corneal subbasal nerve morphology and sensitivity during orthokeratology: Recovery of change.

Purpose: To investigate the recovery of orthokeratology (OK)-induced changes in corneal nerve morphology and sensitivity following lens wear discontinuation, over a 3-month period.

Methods: Sixteen myopic subjects who wore OK lenses during sleep for 3 months discontinued lens wear for 3 months. Corneal nerve morphology and sensitivity were assessed on the right eye only 3 h after waking at the pre-lens wear baseline and after lens wear discontinuation.

Changes in Corneal Subbasal Nerve Morphology and Sensitivity During Orthokeratology: Onset of Change.

Purpose: To investigate changes in corneal subbasal nerve fiber density and orientation during a 3-month orthokeratology (OK) lens wear period and their relationship with concurrent changes in corneal sensitivity.

Methods: Sixteen subjects wore overnight OK lenses for 90 days and were assessed at baseline, Day 30, and Day 90. Nerve images at the corneal apex and temporal mid-periphery were captured from the right eye only using in vivo confocal microscopy and analyzed to calculate nerve fiber density (NFD) and global nerve fiber orientation (GNFO).

Reduced Corneal Sensitivity and Sub-Basal Nerve Density in Long-Term Orthokeratology Lens Wear.

Objectives: To investigate changes in corneal sensitivity and nerve morphology in orthokeratology (OK) contact lens wear.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 54 subjects (aged 18-45 years) were grouped into three categories: nonlens (NL), soft lens (SCL), and OK lens wearers. Corneal sensitivity was measured at the corneal apex and 2.

Treatment Zone Decentration During Orthokeratology on Eyes with Corneal Toricity.

Purpose: To compare the magnitude of treatment zone decentration between eyes with minimally toric corneas (≤1.50 DC, LoTor group) and eyes with moderately toric corneas (1.50 to 3.

The Influence of Different OK Lens Designs on Peripheral Refraction.

Purpose: To compare peripheral refraction changes along the horizontal and vertical meridians induced by three different orthokeratology (OK) lens designs: BE, Paragon CRT, and Contex lenses.

Methods: Nineteen subjects (6M, 13F, mean age 28 ± 7 years) were initially fitted with BE OK lenses in both eyes which were worn overnight for 14 days. Central and peripheral refraction and corneal topography were measured at baseline and after 14 nights of lens wear.

New Perspective on Myopia Control with Orthokeratology.

Purpose: To compare peripheral refraction along both the horizontal and vertical retinal meridians before and after orthokeratology (OK) lens wear.

Methods: Nineteen young adult myopic subjects (mean age, 28 ± 7 years) were fitted with OK lenses in both eyes. Central and peripheral refraction and corneal topography measurements were taken before and after 14 nights of OK.

Outcomes of domestic violence screening at an acute London trust: are there missed opportunities for intervention?

Objectives: Domestic violence screening is advocated in some healthcare settings. Evidence that it increases referral to support agencies or improves health outcomes is limited. This study aimed to (1) investigate the proportion of hospital patients reporting domestic violence, (2) describe characteristics and previous hospital attendances of affected patients and (3) assess referrals to an in-house domestic violence advisor from Camden Safety Net.

Variation in normal corneal shape and the influence of eyelid morphometry.

Purpose: To investigate variation in normal corneal shape and the influence of eyelid morphometry on corneal shape in primary gaze.

Methods: Corneal topography (Medmont E300) and external eye photographs (Nikon D5000 SLR camera) were captured in primary gaze from 32 East Asians (13 male and 19 female subjects, 18 to 37 years) and 32 non-East Asians (10 male and 22 female subjects, 18 to 30 years). Participants with refractive error within ±6.

Myopia control during orthokeratology lens wear in children using a novel study design.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of overnight orthokeratology (OK) contact lens wear on axial length growth in East Asian children with progressive myopia.

Design: A prospective, randomized, contralateral-eye crossover study conducted over a 1-year period.

Participants: We enrolled 26 myopic children (age range, 10.

Changes to corneal aberrations and vision after Presbylasik refractive surgery using the MEL 80 platform.

Purpose: To investigate changes to corneal surface aberrations and vision between PresbyLASIK and LASIK for correction of presbyopia using the MEL 80 platform (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Jena, Germany).

Methods: The retrospective data of 31 patients who underwent PresbyLASIK (the PresbyLASIK group) between January 2009 and November 2011 and 20 matched patients who underwent LASIK (the LASIK group) were analyzed for changes to refraction, corrected distance visual acuity, and corneal surface wavefront aberrations calculated over 4- and 6-mm pupils. Outcomes at the 3-month follow-up visit were compared to data collected immediately prior to surgery and between PresbyLASIK and LASIK correction.

Can manipulation of orthokeratology lens parameters modify peripheral refraction?

Purpose: To investigate changes in peripheral refraction, corneal topography, and aberrations induced by changes in orthokeratology (OK) lens parameters in myopes.

Methods: Subjects were fitted with standard OK lenses that were worn overnight for 2 weeks. Peripheral refraction, corneal topography, and corneal surface aberrations were measured at baseline and after 14 nights of OK lens wear.

Central and paracentral corneal curvature changes during orthokeratology.

Purpose: To investigate regional changes in corneal curvature and power induced by overnight orthokeratology (OK) contact lens wear over a period of 2 weeks.

Methods: Corneal topography data (Medmont E300) from 21 myopes (12 M, 9F, 20 to 40 years), who had worn BE OK lenses manufactured in Boston XO material for 14 nights, were analyzed retrospectively. Enrollment criteria were myopia up to 4.

Corneal sensitivity with contact lenses of different mechanical properties.

Purpose: To examine the changes in corneal sensitivity after overnight wear of contact lenses with different mechanical properties.

Methods: Twenty young-adult subjects wore a silicone hydrogel, rigid gas-permeable, or orthokeratology (OK) contact lens in randomized order for a single night of wear in the right eye only. All lenses were matched in Dk/t (∼46 ISO Fatt).

The effect of multifocal soft contact lenses on peripheral refraction.

Purpose: To compare changes in peripheral refraction with single-vision (SV) and multifocal (MF) correction of distance central refraction with commercially available SV and MF soft contact lenses (SCLs) in young myopic adults.

Methods: Thirty-four myopic adult subjects were fitted with Proclear Sphere and Proclear Multifocal SCLs to correct their manifest central refractive error. Central and peripheral refraction were measured with no lens wear and subsequently with the two different types of SCL correction.

Corneal versus ocular aberrations after overnight orthokeratology.

Purpose: To investigate relationships between changes to corneal and ocular aberrations induced by orthokeratology (OK) and their influence on visual function.

Methods: Eighteen subjects (aged 20 to 23 years) were fitted with OK lenses (BE Enterprises Pty Ltd, Australia), manufactured in Boston XO material (Bausch & Lomb Boston, Wilmington, MA), and worn overnight for seven nights. Corneal and ocular aberrations were simultaneously captured (Discovery, Innovative Visual Systems, Elmhurst, IL), and contrast sensitivity function was measured on days 1 and 7, within 2 and 8 hours after lens removal on waking.

Refractive changes from hyperopic orthokeratology monovision in presbyopes.

Purpose: To investigate the time course of refractive and corneal topographic changes in overnight hyperopic orthokeratology (OK) for emmetropic presbyopes.

Methods: Sixteen adult emmetropic presbyopic subjects were fitted with rigid hyperopic OK lenses (BE Enterprises, Brisbane, Australia/Capricornia, Slacks Creek, Australia) targeted to correct +2.00 D, in one eye only.