Mixed-ligand complexes of copper(ii) with thienoyltrifluoroacetonate and nitrogen containing ligands: synthesis, structures, antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity, Hirshfeld surface analysis and DFT studies.

Mixed-ligand complexes of copper(ii) with thienoyltrifluoroacetonate (TTA-H), 2,2'-bipyridine (bipy), 1,10-phenanthroline (phen), and tetramethylethylenediamine (tmen), associated with counter ions such as Cl, and NO have been synthesized and characterized by molar conductance measurements, elemental analysis, mass spectrometry, IR and UV-Vis spectroscopy, antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity assay studies, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The UV-Vis spectra and crystal structures are consistent with the adoption of square pyramidal geometry for all of the complexes except [Cu(TTA)tmen]NO and [Cu(TTA)tmen] which have square planar and octahedral geometries, respectively. Conductance measurements of the mixed-ligand complexes indicated that they were all non-electrolytes, with the ligands and anions being coordinated to Cu except [Cu(TTA)tmen]NO which is a 1 : 1 electrolyte.