Diet quality, Self-efficacy and Health Literacy in Adults with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Objective: Adherence to high quality dietary patterns is associated with lower risk of disease progression and all-cause mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Self-efficacy and health literacy are recognised as factors that may lead to better adherence to high quality diets. However, these associations are not well studied in CKD.

Re-Thinking Hyperkalaemia Management in Chronic Kidney Disease-Beyond Food Tables and Nutrition Myths: An Evidence-Based Practice Review.

Potassium dysregulation can be life-threatening. Dietary potassium modification is a management strategy for hyperkalaemia. However, a 2017 review for clinical guidelines found no trials evaluating dietary restriction for managing hyperkalaemia in chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Queensland Inpatient Diabetes Survey (QuIDS): patient experience survey evaluation.

Background: Measurement of inpatient experience can allow for treatment tailored to patient preferences and needs. The patient experience of diabetes care has not been explored in Queensland hospitals.

Aims: To investigate the experiences of patients with diabetes when hospitalised using the Queensland Inpatient Diabetes Survey (QuIDS).

Effectiveness of diet quality indices in measuring a change in diet quality over time: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Context: Diet quality indices (DQIs) were developed to score and rank adherence to dietary patterns in observational studies, but their use to measure changes in diet quality in intervention trials is becoming common in the literature.

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the effectiveness of DQIs to measure change in diet quality in intervention trials.

Data Sources: MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases were searched from January 1994 to June 2020.

Quality and validity of diet quality indices for use in Australian contexts: a systematic review.

Diet quality indices (DQIs) are tools used to evaluate the overall diet quality against dietary guidelines or known healthy dietary patterns. This review aimed to evaluate DQIs and their validation processes to facilitate decision making in the selection of appropriate DQI for use in Australian contexts. A search of CINAHL, PubMed and Scopus electronic databases was conducted for studies published between January 2010 and May 2020, which validated a DQI, measuring > 1 dimension of diet quality (adequacy, balance, moderation, variety) and was applicable to the Australian context.

Nutrition in Kidney Disease: Core Curriculum 2022.

As chronic kidney disease (CKD) progresses, the requirements and utilization of different nutrients change substantially. These changes are accompanied by multiple nutritional and metabolic abnormalities that are observed in the continuum of kidney disease. To provide optimal care to patients with CKD, it is essential to have an understanding of the applicable nutritional principles: methods to assess nutritional status, establish patient-specific dietary needs, and prevent or treat potential or ongoing nutritional deficiencies and derangements.

Standardised Outcome Reporting for the Nutrition Management of Complex Chronic Disease: A Rapid Review.

Individuals with coexisting chronic diseases or with complex chronic disease are among the most challenging and costly patients to treat, placing a growing demand on healthcare systems. Recommending effective treatments, including nutrition interventions, relies on standardised outcome reporting from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) to enable data synthesis. This rapid review sought to determine how the scope and consistency of the outcomes reported by RCTs investigating nutrition interventions for the management of complex chronic disease compared to what is recommended by the core outcome sets (COS) for individual disease states.

Evaluation of patient experience post structured education for diabetes self management (Dose Adjustment For Normal Eating-OzDAFNE).

Aims: To examine OzDAFNE participant feedback to determine if OzDAFNE results in positive participant reported outcomes and experiences, improves quality of life; and to identify areas for improvement.

Methods: Quantitative and qualitative evaluations of participants' experience were undertaken prior to, and at the end of, every OzDAFNE program from 2010 to 2019. Evaluations included Likert scale and open-ended questions.

Heart Rate Variability and Long Chain -3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients on Haemodialysis: A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study.

Low heart rate variability (HRV) is independently associated with increased risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) and all cardiac death in haemodialysis patients. Long chain -3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC -3 PUFA) may exert anti-arrhythmic effects. This study aimed to investigate relationships between dialysis, sleep and 24 h HRV and LC -3 PUFA status in patients who have recently commenced haemodialysis.

Body mass index and chronic kidney disease outcomes after acute kidney injury: a prospective matched cohort study.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) and obesity are independent risk factors for chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study aimed to determine if obesity modifies risk for CKD outcomes after AKI.

Methods: This prospective multisite cohort study followed adult survivors after hospitalization, with or without AKI.

Interventions for weight loss in people with chronic kidney disease who are overweight or obese.

Background: Obesity and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are highly prevalent worldwide and result in substantial health care costs. Obesity is a predictor of incident CKD and progression to kidney failure. Whether weight loss interventions are safe and effective to impact on disease progression and clinical outcomes, such as death remains unclear.

Dietary interventions with dietitian involvement in adults with chronic kidney disease: A systematic review.

Background: A comprehensive evidence base is needed to support recommendations for the dietetic management of adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The present study aimed to determine the effect of dietary interventions with dietitian involvement on nutritional status, well-being, kidney risk factors and clinical outcomes in adults with CKD.

Methods: Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO and EMBASE.

Glycemic Response to a Renal-Specific Oral Nutritional Supplement in Patients With Diabetes Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Randomized Crossover Trial.

Background: Diabetes and malnutrition are common in patients with kidney failure. We aimed to evaluate the postprandial glucose response to oral nutritional supplement drinks (ONSs) in patients with diabetes undergoing hemodialysis treatment.

Methods: A randomized, single-blind crossover study was conducted in patients with diabetes, and requiring chronic hemodialysis.

Obesity as a barrier to kidney transplantation: Time to eliminate the body weight bias?

There is clear evidence that survival rates following transplantation far exceed those for remaining on dialysis, regardless of body size measured by body mass index (BMI). Studies over the past 15 years also suggest little to no difference in long-term outcomes, including graft survival and mortality, irrespective of BMI, in contrast to earlier evidence. However, weight bias still exists, as access to kidney transplantation remains inequitable in centers using arbitrary BMI limits.

Obesity and recovery from acute kidney injury (Ob AKI): a prospective cohort feasibility study.

Objectives: To test the methodology of recruitment, retention and data completeness in a prospective cohort recruited after a hospitalised episode of acute kidney injury (AKI), to inform a future prospective cohort study examining the effect of obesity on AKI outcomes.

Design: Feasibility study.

Setting: Single centre, multi-site UK tertiary hospital.

Mortality and morbidity following exercise-based renal rehabilitation in patients with chronic kidney disease: the effect of programme completion and change in exercise capacity.

Background: Twelve weeks of renal rehabilitation (RR) have been shown to improve exercise capacity in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD); however, survival following RR has not been examined.

Methods: This study included a retrospective longitudinal analysis of clinical service outcomes. Programme completion and improvement in exercise capacity, characterised as change in incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT), were analysed with Kaplan-Meier survival analyses to predict risk of a combined event including death, cerebrovascular accident, myocardial infarction and hospitalisation for heart failure in a cohort of patients with CKD.

A new renal inpatient nutrition screening tool (Renal iNUT): a multicenter validation study.

Background: Screening of patients with renal disease for malnutrition risk on hospital admission provides an opportunity to improve prognosis. This study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of the Renal iNUT, a novel renal-specific inpatient nutrition screening tool.

Methods: Adult inpatient admissions to three renal units were screened using the Renal Inpatient Nutrition Screening Tool (iNUT) and the generic Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) and compared against nutritional status using Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) as the standard.

Does Intragastric Balloon Treatment for Obesity in Chronic Kidney Disease Heighten Acute Kidney Injury Risk?

Background: The outcomes of intragastric balloon (IGB) placement to achieve weight loss in obese patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have not been reported to date. This study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of the IGB as a weight-loss treatment among this patient population.

Methods: A prospective, single-arm, 'first in CKD' interventional study was conducted in patients with a body mass index >35 kg/m2 and CKD stages 3-4, referred for weight loss.

Participation in a Structured Weight Loss Program and All-Cause Mortality and Cardiovascular Morbidity in Obese Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease.

Objective: To determine if participation in a weight loss program impacted upon a composite end point of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular morbidity in obese patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Subjects: All patients with a body mass index (BMI) >30 kg/m(2) or >28 kg/m(2) with at least 1 comorbidity (hypertension, diabetes, or dyslipidemia) referred to an established weight management program (WMP) from 2005 to 2009 at a metropolitan tertiary teaching hospital were eligible for inclusion in the study cohort.

Risk for chronic kidney disease increases with obesity: Health Survey for England 2010.

Objective: Studies of the relationship between obesity and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in nationally representative population samples are limited. Our study aimed to determine if overweight and obesity were independently associated with the risk for CKD in the 2010 Health Survey for England (HSE).

Design: The HSE is an annually conducted cross-sectional study.

Effect of exercise training on estimated GFR, vascular health, and cardiorespiratory fitness in patients with CKD: a pilot randomized controlled trial.

Background: Exercise capacity, which is predictive of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease risk, is reduced significantly in patients with non-dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease. This pilot study examined the effect of moderate-intensity exercise training on kidney function and indexes of cardiovascular risk in patients with progressive chronic kidney disease stages 3 to 4.

Study Design: Single-blind, randomized, controlled, parallel trial.

Obesity does not influence hepcidin and hemojuvelin levels in hemodialysis patients.

Background/aims: Clinical studies have shown increased levels of hepcidin causing functional iron deficiency in obese individuals. This study examined whether obesity contributes to increased hepcidin and hemojuvelin levels in adult hemodialysis patients.

Methods: In a case-control design, 37 obese [body mass index (BMI) >30 kg/m(2)] stable hemodialysis patients and 37 patients with normal BMI (20-25 kg/m(2)), matched for age, gender and race, who fulfilled a strict set of inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study.

Compliance with a structured weight loss program is associated with reduced systolic blood pressure in obese patients with chronic kidney disease.

Background: The effectiveness of lifestyle-based weight loss programs in obese patients with chronic disease has not been widely studied. This study examined the effectiveness of a weight management program (WMP), and sought to determine factors associated with successful weight loss in obese patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods: In this prospective cohort study, all patients with a body mass index (BMI) of >30 kg/m(2) referred to our clinic from January 2005 to December 2008 and who commenced a structured WMP of an energy-reduced renal diet, exercise, and pharmacotherapy were included in the analyses.