A pragmatic, open-label, randomized controlled trial of Plasma-Lyte-148 versus standard intravenous fluids in children receiving kidney transplants (PLUTO).

Acute electrolyte and acid-base imbalance is experienced by many children following kidney transplant. This is partly because doctors give very large volumes of artificial fluids to keep the new kidney working. When severe, fluid imbalance can lead to seizures, cerebral edema and death.

Multicentre randomised controlled trial: protocol for Plasma-Lyte Usage and Assessment of Kidney Transplant Outcomes in Children (PLUTO).

Introduction: Acute electrolyte and acid-base imbalance is experienced by many children following kidney transplantation. When severe, this can lead to complications including seizures, cerebral oedema and death. Relatively large volumes of intravenous fluid are administered to children perioperatively in order to establish perfusion to the donor kidney, the majority of which are from living and deceased adult donors.

A case series of perioperative variables in relation to short-term outcomes in pediatric renal transplant recipients.

Multiple perioperative variables have been shown in existing literature to influence long-term outcomes of pediatric RTx, such as allograft survival. Their impact on short-term outcomes is not as well-documented. This case series aims to investigate the effects of nine perioperative variables on two short-term outcomes in pRTR: 1-week post-operative eGFR and post-operative LOS.

Insights in Transplanting Complex Pediatric Renal Recipients With Vascular Anomalies.

Background: Children with end-stage kidney disease may have coexisting iatrogenic or congenital vascular anomalies making transplantation difficult. We describe our approach in 5 recipients with vascular anomalies and significant comorbidities, including one case of blood group incompatibility.

Methods: Five children aged 3 to 17 years (median, 7 years), weighing 14 to 34 kg (median, 18 kg) kg of whom 4 had occluded inferior vena cava or iliac veins and 2 had previous complex vascular reconstructions before transplantation for midaortic syndrome and multiple aortic aneurysms, respectively underwent renal transplantation.

Cardiac Dysrhythmias in Children Undergoing Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy Under General Anesthesia or Propofol Sedation: A Prospective, Observational Cohort Study.

Objective: To assess the frequency and severity of cardiac dysrhythmias and identify any intraoperative or postoperative complications in children undergoing extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL).

Methods: All children coming to our institution for ESWL from June 2014 to January 2015 were prospectively enrolled in an observational cohort study. Intraoperative cardiac dysrhythmias and perioperative and postoperative complications were recorded.

The effect of age on the dose of remifentanil for tracheal intubation in infants and children.

Introduction: This study aimed to determine the age-specific bolus dose of remifentanil (ED(50)) to facilitate tracheal intubation without the use of neuromuscular blocking agents.

Methods: ASA 1-2 subjects were recruited into three groups of 0-3 months (group I), 4-12 months (group II), and 1-3 years (group III) of age. A sequential up-and-down design determined the remifentanil bolus dose, which was initially started at 3 mcg x kg(-1) and adjusted in 1 mcg x kg(-1) increments (range 1-6 mcg x kg(-1)).

The effect of propofol concentration on dispersion of myocardial repolarization in children.

Background: QT interval prolongation on the electrocardiogram (ECG) may be drug-induced and is traditionally associated with torsades des pointes. A better predictor of torsades des pointes is the time interval between the peak and the end of the T-wave (Tp-e). Older studies of propofol's effect on the corrected interval (QTc) are conflicting and confounded by polypharmacy.