Cover and density of southwestern ponderosa pine understory plants in permanent chart quadrats (2002-2020).

This data set consists of 101 permanent 1 m × 1 m (1-m ) quadrats located within southwestern ponderosa pine ecosystems near Flagstaff, Arizona, USA. Individual plants in these quadrats were identified and mapped annually for 19 years (2002-2020). The original chart quadrats were established between 1912 and 1927 to determine the effects of domestic livestock grazing on herbaceous plants and pine seedlings.

Development and exploratory analysis of software to detect look-alike, sound-alike medicine names.

Background: 'Look-alike, sound-alike' (LASA) medicines may be confused by prescribers, pharmacists, nurses and patients, with serious consequences for patient safety. The current research aimed to develop and trial software to proactively identify LASA medicines by computing medicine name similarity scores.

Methods: Literature review identified open-source software from the United States Food and Drug Administration for screening of proposed medicine names.

California Healthy Places Index: Frames Matter.

Introduction: We describe the California Healthy Places Index (HPI) and its performance relative to other indexes for measuring community well-being at the census-tract level. The HPI arose from a need identified by health departments and community organizations for an index rooted in the social determinants of health for place-based policy making and program targeting. The index was geographically granular, validated against life expectancy at birth, and linked to policy actions.

Maternal and perinatal outcomes amongst low risk women giving birth in water compared to six birth positions on land. A descriptive cross sectional study in a birth centre over 12 years.

Background: the option of giving birth in water is available to most women in birth centres in Australia but there continues to be resistance in mainstream delivery wards due to safety concerns. Women in birth centres are more likely to give birth in upright positions and be attended by experienced midwives and obstetricians who are comfortable facilitating normal birth. The aim of this study was to determine rates of perineal trauma, postpartum haemorrhage and five-minute Apgar scores amongst low risk women in a birth centre who gave birth in water compared to six birth positions on land.