Improved Glycemic Outcomes With Diabetes Technology Use Independent of Socioeconomic Status in Youth With Type 1 Diabetes.

Objective: Technology use in type 1 diabetes (T1D) is impacted by socioeconomic status (SES). This analysis explored relationships between SES, glycemic outcomes, and technology use.

Research Design And Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of HbA1c data from 2,822 Australian youth with T1D was undertaken.

Socioeconomic status and diabetes technology use in youth with type 1 diabetes: a comparison of two funding models.

Background: Technology use, including continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and insulin pump therapy, is associated with improved outcomes in youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D). In 2017 CGM was universally funded for youth with T1D in Australia. In contrast, pump access is primarily accessed through private health insurance, self-funding or philanthropy.

Association of Achieving Time in Range Clinical Targets With Treatment Modality Among Youths With Type 1 Diabetes.

Importance: Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) devices have demonstrated efficacy in adults and more recently in youths and older adults with type 1 diabetes. In adults with type 1 diabetes, the use of real-time CGM compared with intermittently scanned CGM was associated with improved glycemic control, but there are limited data available for youths.

Objective: To assess real-world data on achievement of time in range clinical targets associated with different treatment modalities in youths with type 1 diabetes.

Diabetic Ketoacidosis at Onset of Type 1 Diabetes and Long-term HbA1c in 7,961 Children and Young Adults in the Australasian Diabetes Data Network.

Objective: The relationship between diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes and long-term glycemic control varies between studies. We aimed, firstly, to characterize the association of DKA and its severity with long-term HbA1c in a large contemporary cohort, and secondly, to identify other independent determinants of long-term HbA1c.

Research Design And Methods: Participants were 7,961 children and young adults diagnosed with type 1 diabetes by age 30 years from 2000 to 2019 and followed prospectively in the Australasian Diabetes Data Network (ADDN) until 31 December 2020.

The COVID-19 Pandemic Affects Seasonality, With Increasing Cases of New-Onset Type 1 Diabetes in Children, From the Worldwide SWEET Registry.

Objective: To analyze whether the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic increased the number of cases or impacted seasonality of new-onset type 1 diabetes (T1D) in large pediatric diabetes centers globally.

Research Design And Methods: We analyzed data on 17,280 cases of T1D diagnosed during 2018-2021 from 92 worldwide centers participating in the SWEET registry using hierarchic linear regression models.

Results: The average number of new-onset T1D cases per center adjusted for the total number of patients treated at the center per year and stratified by age-groups increased from 11.

Moderate and severe diabetic ketoacidosis at type 1 diabetes onset in children over two decades: A population-based study of prevalence and long-term glycemic outcomes.

Objective: To investigate in a population-based pediatric cohort: prevalence of moderate-severe diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at type 1 diabetes (T1D) diagnosis over two decades and its association with long-term glycemic control.

Research Design And Methods: Children <16 years diagnosed with T1D in Western Australia 2000-2019 were included and followed up for ≤14 years. Moderate-severe DKA at diagnosis was defined as serum pH < 7.

Improvement in Psychosocial Outcomes in Children with Type 1 Diabetes and Their Parents Following Subsidy for Continuous Glucose Monitoring.

In April 2017, the Australian Government announced the full subsidy of continuous glucose monitors (CGM) to children and young people <21 years with type 1 diabetes (T1D). This study aimed to evaluate the effect of CGM on psychosocial outcomes in a T1D pediatric population-based sample. Children with T1D, commencing CGM between June 2017 and January 2018, and their parents were recruited in a prospective cohort study in a tertiary pediatric hospital in Western Australia.

Decreasing Trends in Mean HbA Are Not Associated With Increasing Rates of Severe Hypoglycemia in Children: A Longitudinal Analysis of Two Contemporary Population-Based Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes Registries From Australia and Germany/Austria Between 1995 and 2016.

Objective: To investigate temporal trends in glycemic control and severe hypoglycemia rates for pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes from 1995 to 2016 by analyzing data from the longitudinal, prospective, population-based German/Austrian (Diabetes Patient History Documentation [DPV]) and Western Australian (Western Australian Children's Diabetes Database [WACDD]) diabetes registries.

Research Design And Methods: Patients diagnosed with type 1 diabetes aged <15 years were identified from the DPV ( = 59,883) and WACDD ( = 2,595) registries and data extracted for all clinic visits occurring between 1995 and 2016, inclusive. Mean HbA and severe hypoglycemia (self-reported loss of consciousness/convulsion) rates were calculated per 100 patient-years.

The Australasian Diabetes Data Network: first national audit of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.

Objectives: To assess glycaemic control, anthropometry and insulin regimens in a national sample of Australian children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.

Design: Cross-sectional analysis of de-identified, prospectively collected data from the Australasian Diabetes Data Network (ADDN) registry.

Setting: Five paediatric diabetes centres in New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria and Western Australia.

Australasian Diabetes Data Network: Building a Collaborative Resource.

Australasia is a region with a high incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D). There are approximately 140 000 individuals with T1D, and of these 10 000 are children. Although the region covers a huge geographical area, most children with T1D are managed by tertiary academic centers in the major capital cities.

Factors influencing neonatal thyroid-stimulating hormone concentrations as a measure of population iodine status.

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended measurement of neonatal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) as a marker of population iodine status. A population is considered iodine sufficient when <3% of neonatal blood samples collected 3-4 days after birth have TSH concentrations >5 mIU/L. However, changes in technology and clinical practices have opened the WHO criteria to various interpretations.

Dietary and supplemental folate and the risk of left- and right-sided colorectal cancer.

Epidemiological evidence suggests that folate may lower the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) although studies have been inconsistent and some have indicated differences in the effects of naturally occurring dietary folate and the synthetic form of this vitamin, folic acid. Most studies to date have considered CRC as a single disease; however, cancers that develop on the left and right sides of the colorectum display important phenotypic differences, suggesting they may also have different risk factors. A population-based case-control study was conducted in Western Australia to examine the relationship between intake of both natural dietary folate and supplements containing folic acid and the risk of left- and right-sided CRC.