Noncitrus fruits as novel dietary environmental modifiers of iron stores in people with or without HFE gene mutations.

Objective: To investigate whether citrus fruit, noncitrus fruit, and other dietary factors act as environmental modifiers of iron status in the absence or presence of hemochromatotic HFE gene mutations.

Participants And Methods: Iron studies, HFE genotypic analyses, and dietary data from a survey conducted from March 21, 1994, through December 15, 1995, were analyzed for a group of 2232 residents (1105 men, 1127 women) aged 20 to 79 years recruited from the community electoral roll of Busselton in Western Australia. Data were analyzed by linear regression analysis and analysis of covariance.

Population-based study of the relationship between mutations in the hemochromatosis (HFE) gene and arthritis.

Background And Aim: Mutations in the hemochromatosis (HFE) gene are carried by one in three individuals of British Isles descent and may result in increased iron stores. These increased iron stores could potentially induce or exacerbate diseases, such as arthritis, in which iron has a role in pathogenesis. Although arthritis is a well-known association of clinically overt hereditary hemochromatosis, controversy surrounds the role of mutations in the HFE gene as risk factors for arthritis.

Correlates of habitual snoring and witnessed apnoeas in Busselton, Western Australia.

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify potential body size, behavioural and respiratory risk factors for habitual snoring and witnessed apnoeas in a general population.

Methods: Correlates of these conditions were studied in a sample of 3,577 adults aged 25-74 years who participated in a comprehensive health survey in Busselton, Western Australia, during 1994/95. Logistic regression was used to assess associations after age and gender adjustment and also in multivariate models.

Effects of HFE gene mutations and alcohol on iron status, liver biochemistry and morbidity.

Background And Aims: The aims of the present study were to determine: (i) whether alcohol consumption is greater in individuals with HFE mutations; and (ii) whether common HFE mutations modify the effects of alcohol on serum iron and liver biochemistry or morbidity.

Methods: The residents of the town of Busselton in Western Australia were subject to cross-sectional health surveys between 1966 and 1983. In 1994/1995 all surviving participants of the earlier surveys were invited to take part in a follow-up survey.

What can Busselton population health surveys tell us about asthma in older people?

WHAT WE NEED TO KNOW: Do the characteristics of asthma differ in people older than 55 years compared with younger people with respect to risk factors (atopy, airway hyper-responsiveness and genetic variation), smoking, lung function and other illness? How do inflammation and remodelling of airways vary with age and with duration and severity of asthma? WHAT WE NEED TO DO: Continue collecting prevalence data for asthma and its risk factors. Assess (i) period and cohort effects on asthma and its risk factors and (ii) interactions between age, smoking, severity and duration of asthma, lung function and airway responsiveness, and other concurrent disease. Measure airway responsiveness and exhaled nitric oxide to detect airway abnormalities in older people and relate this to the diagnoses of asthma and other diseases.

Evaluating the impact of repeated community-wide health surveys on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the busselton population.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of repeated community-wide mass health examinations on cardiovascular mortality and hospital morbidity trends in Busselton.

Method: Population census, hospital admission and death data were used to calculate and compare cardiovascular mortality rates from 1965 to 1998 and hospital morbidity rates from 1971 to 1998 in Busselton residents aged 40 to 84 years with the remainder of the south-west region of Western Australia.

Results: Among men aged 40-69 years, the calendar year trends in standardised cardiovascular mortality and morbidity ratios were relatively flat and non-significant.

Spouse selection and environmental effects on spouse correlation in lung function measures.

Purpose: Concordance between spouses may be due to partner selection factors and/or the effects of marriage/environment. The extent to which partner selection factors contribute to spouse concordance has important implications for heritability studies. The aim of this study was to examine the magnitude of spouse correlation in lung function measures and its relationship to duration of marriage.