Technical Outcome, Clinical Success, and Complications of Low-Milliampere Computed Tomography Fluoroscopy-Guided Drainage of Lymphoceles Following Radical Prostatectomy with Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection.

To evaluate the technical outcome, clinical success, and safety of low-milliampere CT fluoroscopy (CTF)-guided percutaneous drain (PD) placement in patients with lymphoceles following radical prostatectomy (RP) with pelvic lymph node dissection (LND). This retrospective analysis comprised 65 patients with PD placement in lymphoceles following RP under low-milliampere CTF guidance. Technical and clinical success were evaluated.

[The postoperative knee : Common complications and their correct diagnosis].

Background: Injuries of the knee are common, with torn meniscus and anterior cruciate ligament tears being among the pathologies most commonly treated by surgery.

Objectives: To review the various normal and pathological postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction or meniscus surgery.

Materials And Methods: Evaluation of clinical trials and expert opinions.

Complicated Carotid Artery Plaques and Risk of Recurrent Ischemic Stroke or TIA.

Background: Complicated nonstenosing carotid artery plaques (CAPs) are an under-recognized cause of stroke.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine whether complicated CAP ipsilateral to acute ischemic anterior circulation stroke (icCAP) are associated with recurrent ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA).

Methods: The CAPIAS (Carotid Plaque Imaging in Acute Stroke) multicenter study prospectively recruited patients with ischemic stroke restricted to the territory of a single carotid artery.

Complicated Carotid Artery Plaques as a Cause of Cryptogenic Stroke.

Background: The underlying etiology of ischemic stroke remains unknown in up to 30% of patients.

Objectives: This study explored the causal role of complicated (American Heart Association-lesion type VI) nonstenosing carotid artery plaques (CAPs) in cryptogenic stroke (CS).

Methods: CAPIAS (Carotid Plaque Imaging in Acute Stroke) is an observational multicenter study that prospectively recruited patients aged older than 49 years with acute ischemic stroke that was restricted to the territory of a single carotid artery on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and unilateral or bilateral CAP (≥2 mm, NASCET [North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial] <70%).

Renal and renal sinus fat volumes as quantified by magnetic resonance imaging in subjects with prediabetes, diabetes, and normal glucose tolerance.

Purpose: We hypothesize that MRI-based renal compartment volumes, particularly renal sinus fat as locally and potentially independently acting perivascular fat tissue, increase with glucose intolerance. We therefore analyze the distribution of renal volumes in individuals with normal glucose levels and prediabetic and diabetic individuals and investigate potential associations with other typical cardiometabolic biomarkers.

Material And Methods: The sample comprised N = 366 participants who were either normoglycemic (N = 230), had prediabetes (N = 87) or diabetes (N = 49), as determined by Oral Glucose Tolerance Test.

Renal volume assessed by magnetic resonance imaging volumetry correlates with renal function in living kidney donors pre- and postdonation: a retrospective cohort study.

Renal function of potential living kidney donors is routinely assessed with scintigraphy. Kidney anatomy is evaluated by imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We evaluated if a MRI-based renal volumetry is a good predictor of kidney function pre- and postdonation.

Dynamic CTA in Native Kidneys Using a Multiphase CT Protocol-Potential of Significant Reduction of Contrast Medium.

Rationale And Objective: The objective of this study was to assess an optimized renal multiphase computed tomography angiography (MP-CTA) protocol regarding reduction of contrast volume.

Materials And Methods: Thirty patients underwent MP-CTA (12 phases, every 3.5 seconds, 80 kV/120 mAs) using 30 mL of contrast medium.

Intracranial arterial calcifications as a prognostic factor for subsequent major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE).

Background: Intracranial arterial calcifications (ICAC) are often detected on unenhanced CT of patients with an age > 60. However, association with the subsequent occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) has not yet been evaluated.

Purpose: This study aimed at evaluating the association of ICAC with subsequent MACE and overall mortality.

Prevalence and distribution of calcified nodules in carotid arteries in correlation with clinical symptoms.

Purpose: Calcified nodules ("CN") are responsible for up to 5% of coronary-infarcts and, therefore, classified as minor criteria of "vulnerable" atherosclerotic plaque. We sought to evaluate prevalence and distribution of CN in carotid arteries in correlation with clinical symptoms.

Methods: 178 consecutive patients with unilateral ischemic stroke and carotid plaques ≥2 mm by duplex ultrasound underwent a carotid-black-blood-3T-MRI with fat-saturated pre- and post-contrast T1w-, PDw-, T2w- and TOF images using dedicated surface-coils.

Expansive arterial remodeling of the carotid arteries and its effect on atherosclerotic plaque composition and vulnerability: an in-vivo black-blood 3T CMR study in symptomatic stroke patients.

Background: Based on intravascular ultrasound of the coronary arteries expansive arterial remodeling is supposed to be a feature of the vulnerable atheroslerotic plaque. However, till now little is known regarding the clinical impact of expansive remodeling of carotid lesions. Therefore, we sought to evaluate the correlation of expansive arterial remodeling of the carotid arteries with atherosclerotic plaque composition and vulnerability using in-vivo Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (CMR).

Reproducibility and differentiation of cervical arteriopathies using in vivo high-resolution black-blood MRI at 3 T.

Introduction: The aims of the present study are to evaluate the potential of high-resolution black-blood MRI (hr-bb-cMRI) to differentiate common cervical arteriopathies and to evaluate interobserver reproducibility.

Methods: Forty-three consecutive patients with distinct cervical arteriopathies were examined with cervical hr-bb-cMRI at 3.0 Te with fat-saturated pre- and post-contrast T1w, T2w, and TOF images using dedicated carotid surface coils at our institution.

Automatic path proposal computation for CT-guided percutaneous liver biopsy.

Purpose: To evaluate feasibility of automatic software-based path proposals for CT-guided percutaneous biopsies.

Methods: Thirty-three patients (60 [Formula: see text] 12 years) referred for CT-guided biopsy of focal liver lesions were consecutively included. Pre-interventional CT and dedicated software (FraunhoferMeVis Pathfinder) were used for (semi)automatic segmentation of relevant structures.

Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography: A New Diagnostic Tool to Assess Renal Perfusion After Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Mice: Correlation of Perfusion Deficit to Histopathologic Damage.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the value of dynamic contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) in the assessment of renal perfusion parameters after ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in an experimental murine model.

Materials And Methods: Balb/cJ wildtype mice were subjected to 45 minutes (AKI45) or 60 minutes (AKI60) of unilateral warm I/R injury by clamping the pedicle of the right kidney. Two, 7, and 18 days after right I/R injury, renal blood flow (RBF), renal volume of distribution (RVD), and mean transit time were quantitatively assessed in the cortex of both kidneys by dynamic contrast-enhanced CT.

Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Partially Nephrectomized Kidneys.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of partial nephrectomy (PN) in kidneys with solid renal masses on the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and on intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM)-based parameters using diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI).

Methods: Fifteen patients with renal masses underwent DWI before and 1 week after PN on a clinical 3 T scanner using a single-shot echo planar imaging sequence with 10 diffusion weightings. Motion-corrected images were quantified using a monoexponential model fit to calculate ADCs and a segmented biexponential fit to calculate IVIM parameters f (perfusion fraction), Dslow and Dfast ("slow" and "fast" diffusion coefficients), as well as the pseudoflow (PF) Dfast × f.

Comparison of portable ultrasound system and high end ultrasound system in detection of endoleaks.

Purpose: To compare the value of a portable ultrasound system and a high end ultrasound system in detection of endoleaks after EVAR.

Material And Methods: In this retrospective study, a cohort of 25 patients underwent both standard examination using a portable ultrasound system (Philips VISIQ) and a second examination using a high end ultrasound system (Philips EPIQ 7). The examination included B-mode and color Doppler in detection of endoleaks.

Intra-individual comparison of carotid and femoral atherosclerotic plaque features with in vivo MR plaque imaging.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate differences of plaque composition and morphology within the same patient in different vascular beds using non-invasive MR-plaque imaging. 28 patients (67.8 ± 7.

Value of high-resolution contrast-enhanced ultrasound in detection and characterisation of endoleaks after EVAR.

Purpose: To compare the value of high-resolution contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the detection and characterisation of endoleaks after EVAR.

Material And Methods: In this retrospective study, a cohort of 80 patients underwent both standard examination using a curved array 5 MHz transducer and a second examination using a curved array 9 MHz transducer. The examination included B-mode, color Doppler and contrast-enhanced ultrasound using the Philips EPIQ 7 scanner.

Penumbra pattern assessment in acute stroke patients: comparison of quantitative and non-quantitative methods in whole brain CT perfusion.

Background And Purpose: While penumbra assessment has become an important part of the clinical decision making for acute stroke patients, there is a lack of studies measuring the reliability and reproducibility of defined assessment techniques in the clinical setting. Our aim was to determine reliability and reproducibility of different types of three-dimensional penumbra assessment methods in stroke patients who underwent whole brain CT perfusion imaging (WB-CTP).

Materials And Methods: We included 29 patients with a confirmed MCA infarction who underwent initial WB-CTP with a scan coverage of 100 mm in the z-axis.

Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging assessment of kidney function and renal masses: single slice versus whole organ/tumor.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare single-slice and 3-dimensional (3D) analysis for magnetic resonance renography (plasma flow [FP], plasma volume [VP], and glomerular filtration rate [GFR]) and for dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of renal tumors (FP, VP, permeability-surface area product), respectively.

Material And Methods: We prospectively included 22 patients (43 kidneys with 22 suspicious renal lesions) and performed preoperative and postoperative imaging before and after partial nephrectomy, respectively. Of the 22 renal lesions, 15 turned out to be renal cell carcinoma and were included in the tumor analysis, altogether leading to 86 renal and 15 tumor MRI scans, respectively.

Dual-energy CT pulmonary angiography in patients with suspected pulmonary embolism: value for the detection and quantification of pulmonary venous congestion.

Objective: To evaluate if vascular and pulmonary parenchymal enhancement values in dual-energy (DE) CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) can suggest the diagnosis of pulmonary congestion.

Methods: DE-CTPA images of 90 out of 1321 patients negative for pulmonary embolism showed signs of congestive heart failure. We measured DE-derived pulmonary parenchymal [perfused blood volume (PBV)], pulmonary artery (PA) and left atrium (LA) enhancement values in these patients and in 142 control patients.

Can single-phase dual-energy CT reliably identify adrenal adenomas?

Purpose: To evaluate whether single-phase dual-energy-CT-based attenuation measurements can reliably differentiate lipid-rich adrenal adenomas from malignant adrenal lesions.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively identified 51 patients with adrenal masses who had undergone contrast-enhanced dual-energy-CT (140/100 or 140/80 kVp). Virtual non-contrast and colour-coded iodine images were generated, allowing for measurement of pre- and post-contrast density on a single-phase acquisition.

Determination of split renal function using dynamic CT-angiography: preliminary results.

Objectives: To determine the feasibility of a dynamic CT angiography-protocol with regard to simultaneous assessment of renal anatomy and function.

Methods: 7 healthy potential kidney donors (58 ± 7 years) underwent a dynamic computed tomography angiography (CTA) using a 128-slice CT-scanner with continuous bi-directional table movement, allowing the coverage of a scan range of 18 cm within 1.75 sec.

The role of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in imaging carotid arterial diseases.

The standard of care for the initial diagnosis of carotid artery bifurcation diseases is carotid duplex ultrasound. Carotid abnormalities or difficult examinations may represent a diagnostic challenge in patients with clinical symptoms as well as in the follow-up after carotid endarterectomy, carotid artery stenting or other interventions. A promising new method in the diagnosis and follow-up of pathologic carotid diseases is contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS).

CT perfusion technique for assessment of early kidney allograft dysfunction: preliminary results.

Objectives: To assess the benefit of quantitative computed tomography (CT) perfusion for differentiating acute tubular necrosis (ATN) and acute rejection (AR) in kidney allografts.

Methods: Twenty-two patients with acute kidney allograft dysfunction caused by either AR (n = 6) or ATN (n = 16) were retrospectively included in the study. All patients initially underwent a multiphase CT angiography (CTA) protocol (12 phases, one phase every 3.