Caerin 1.1 and 1.9 peptides halt B16 melanoma metastatic tumours via expanding cDC1 and reprogramming tumour macrophages.

Background: Cancer immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICBs) such as anti-PD-1 antibodies, has revolutionised cancer treatment, although response rates vary among patients. Previous studies have demonstrated that caerin 1.1 and 1.

Spatiotemporal characteristics of eustachian tube development in C57BL/6 mice: Correlation between morphological and functional maturation.

Background: The eustachian tube (ET), a critical conduit connecting the middle ear and nasopharynx, is essential for normal middle ear function. However, it remains one of the least understood anatomical structures due to its complexity and the challenges of in vitro manipulation. Historically, these challenges have hindered research into the morphology and function development of the ET.

Improving the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy by host-defence caerin 1.1 and 1.9 peptides.

Cancer remains a major global health challenge. Immunotherapy has revolutionized the management of cancer, yet only a limited number of patients respond to such treatments. This is largely attributed to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, which diminishes the effectiveness of immunotherapy.

Caerin 1.9-Titanium Plates Aid Implant Healing and Inhibit Bacterial Growth in New Zealand Rabbit Mandibles.

Objectives: With rising rates of maxillofacial fracture, postoperative infection following rigid internal fixation is an important issue that requires immediate resolution. It is important to explore an alternative antibacterial method apart from conventional antibiotics. A controlled experiment was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a caerin 1.

The Large Ectodomain of APP Prevents APP from being Directly Cleaved by γ-Secretase.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the deposition of amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) in the brain. Aβ is produced by sequential β- and γ-secretase cleavages of amyloid precursor protein (APP). Clinical trials targeting β- and γ-secretases have all failed, partly because of the strong side effects.

Proteomic analysis of anti-MRSA activity of caerin 1.1/1.9 in a murine skin infection model and their anti-biofilm effects against .

Caerin 1.1 and caerin 1.9, natural antimicrobial peptides derived from tree frogs, have demonstrated the ability to inhibit the growth of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, comparable to certain widely used antibiotics.

Going Beyond Host Defence Peptides: Horizons of Chemically Engineered Peptides for Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria.

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria are considered a health threat worldwide, and this problem is set to increase over the decades. The ESKAPE, a group of six pathogens including Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter spp. is the major source of concern due to their high death incidence and nosocomial acquired infection.

METTL3 Reduces Oxidative Stress-induced Apoptosis in Presbycusis by Regulating the N6-methyladenosine Level of SIRT1 mRNA.

N6-methyl adenosine (m6A) modification is known to play a crucial role in various aging-related diseases. However, its involvement in presbycusis, a type of age-related hearing loss, is not yet clear. We examined the changes in oxidative stress levels in both plasma of presbycusis patients and mice.

SIRT3/GLUT4 signaling activation by metformin protect against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in vitro.

Cisplatin is highly effective for killing tumor cells. However, as one of its side effects, ototoxicity limits the clinical application of cisplatin. The mechanisms of cisplatin-induced ototoxicity have not been fully clarified yet.

Single-nucleus RNA sequencing and deep tissue proteomics reveal distinct tumour microenvironment in stage-I and II cervical cancer.

Background: Cervical cancer (CC) is the 3 most common cancer in women and the 4 leading cause of deaths in gynaecological malignancies, yet the exact progression of CC is inconclusive, mainly due to the high complexity of the changing tumour microenvironment (TME) at different stages of tumorigenesis. Importantly, a detailed comparative single-nucleus transcriptomic analysis of tumour microenvironment (TME) of CC patients at different stages is lacking.

Methods: In this study, a total of 42,928 and 29,200 nuclei isolated from the tumour tissues of stage-I and II CC patients and subjected to single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) analysis.

PEGylated IL-10: Clinical Development in Cancer Immunotherapy, Where to Go?

Purposeof Review: The purpose of this review is to discuss the current understanding of the pegilodecakin (PEGylated interleukin 10) and its role in the inhibition of tumour growth and metastasis. This review also focuses on clinical data published to date that have evaluated the efficacy and safety of pegilodecakin.

Recent Findings: Pegilodecakin has shown significant promise in preclinical models, notable for decreased tumour burden and fewer sites of metastatic disease across various malignancies.

Caerin 1.1/1.9 Enhances Antitumour Immunity by Activating the IFN-α Response Signalling Pathway of Tumour Macrophages.

Macrophages are one of the essential components of the tumour microenvironment (TME) of many cancers and show complex heterogeneity and functions. More recent research has been focusing on the characterisation of tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs). Previously, our study demonstrated that caerin 1.

Preclinical Pharmacokinetics, Biodistribution, and Acute Toxicity Evaluation of Caerin 1.9 Peptide in Sprague Dawley Rats.

Caerin 1.9 is a natural peptide derived from the skin secretions of the Australian tree frog () with broad-spectrum antimicrobial and anticancer bioactivity. It improves the efficacy of a therapeutic vaccine and immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy when injected intratumorally and inhibits TC-1 tumor growth when applied topically through intact skin in a TC-1 murine tumor model.

Caerin 1 Peptides, the Potential Jack-of-All-Trades for the Multiple Antibiotic-Resistant Bacterial Infection Treatment and Cancer Immunotherapy.

Antibiotic resistance-related bacterial infections and cancers become huge challenges in human health in the 21 century. A number of naturally derived antimicrobial peptides possess multiple functions in host defense, including anti-infective and anticancer activities. One of which is known as the caerin 1 family peptides.

Topical Application of Temperature-Sensitive Gel Containing Caerin 1.1 and 1.9 Peptides on TC-1 Tumour-Bearing Mice Induced High-Level Immune Response in the Tumour Microenvironment.

The development of topical cream drugs that increase the immune activation of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes against tumour and chronic viral infection-associated lesions is of great immunotherapeutic significance. This study demonstrates that the topical application of a temperature-sensitive gel containing caerin 1.1 and 1.

Intratumoral injection of caerin 1.1 and 1.9 peptides increases the efficacy of vaccinated TC-1 tumor-bearing mice with PD-1 blockade by modulating macrophage heterogeneity and the activation of CD8 T cells in the tumor microenvironment.

Objectives: Developing a vaccine formula that alters the tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes to be more immune active against a tumor is key to the improvement of clinical responses to immunotherapy. Here, we demonstrate that, in conjunction with E7 antigen-specific immunotherapy, and IL-10 and PD-1 blockade, intratumoral administration of caerin 1.1/1.

Identification of ferroptosis genes in immune infiltration and prognosis in thyroid papillary carcinoma using network analysis.

Background: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common thyroid cancer. While many patients survive, a portion of PTC cases display high aggressiveness and even develop into refractory differentiated thyroid carcinoma. This may be alleviated by developing a novel model to predict the risk of recurrence.

Caerin 1.1 and 1.9 Peptides from Australian Tree Frog Inhibit Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria Growth in a Murine Skin Infection Model.

The host defense peptide caerin 1.9 was originally isolated from skin secretions of an Australian tree frog and inhibits the growth of a wide range of bacteria . In this study, we demonstrated that caerin 1.

Mg alloy surface immobilised with caerin peptides acquires enhanced antibacterial ability and putatively improved corrosion resistance.

Magnesium (Mg) has mechanical properties similar to human bones and Mg alloy is considered ideal medical implant material. However, the high velocity of degradation inside the human inner environment severely hampers the usage of Mg alloys. In this study, caerin peptide 1.

Advances in the pathogenesis and treatment of nut carcinoma: a narrative review.

carcinoma (NC) is a rare, highly invasive and fatal tumor and often misdiagnosed. It typically arises from the mediastinum and midline organs and has complicated pathogenesis and poor outcome. Genetically, its pathogenesis is related to a chromosomal rearrangement involving the gene.

Host-Defense Peptides Caerin 1.1 and 1.9 Stimulate TNF-Alpha-Dependent Apoptotic Signals in Human Cervical Cancer HeLa Cells.

Host defense caerin 1.1 and 1.9 peptides, isolated from the glandular secretion of Australian tree frogs, the genus , have been previously shown to have multiple biological activities, including the inhibition of human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 early protein E7 transformed murine as well as human cancerous cell proliferation both and .

Targeting interleukin-10 signalling for cancer immunotherapy, a promising and complicated task.

Interleukin 10 (IL-10) belongs to IL-10 family cytokines that are critical for maintaining the integrity of epithelial tissues, protecting pathogenic infection, and preventing excessive immune responses to damage self. Temporal IL-10 signaling blockade enhances vaccine-induced tumor regression by CD8 + T cells. IL-10, especially pegylated IL-10, mediates tumor regression by expanding tumor-infiltrating CD8 + T cells.

Human papillomavirus infection among head and neck squamous cell carcinomas in southern China.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) related tumours account for a significant proportion of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) in developed countries. They respond better to chemo- and radio-therapy, and have a better stage specific prognosis. To establish their prevalence in China, we assessed a series of histology confirmed HNSCCs collected in Zhejiang and Guangdong provinces by PCR for HPV DNA and by immunohistochemistry for p16 protein status.