Framework and baseline examination of the German National Cohort (NAKO).

The German National Cohort (NAKO) is a multidisciplinary, population-based prospective cohort study that aims to investigate the causes of widespread diseases, identify risk factors and improve early detection and prevention of disease. Specifically, NAKO is designed to identify novel and better characterize established risk and protection factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases, musculoskeletal diseases, respiratory and infectious diseases in a random sample of the general population. Between 2014 and 2019, a total of 205,415 men and women aged 19-74 years were recruited and examined in 18 study centres in Germany.

[100 years Heidehaus--from sanatorium for tuberculosis to a modern chest hospital].

When the sanatorium "Heidehaus" was founded on June 1, 1907 in the northern countryside of Hannover with Dr. Otto Ziegler as head about 120 beds for patients with tuberculosis were available. By 1914 about 200 patients were being treated by 4 physicians and 10 nurses.

Effects of procaine on intracellular pH and its regulation: measurements with pH-selective micro-electrodes in Retzius neurones of the leech.

The experiments were performed with double-barelled micro-electrodes in Retzius neurones of the leech in order to see if the tertiary amine local anesthetic procaine affects intracellular pH (pHi) and its regulation. Lasting about 20 min, exposures to procaine (3 mM) saline caused an intracellular alkalosis of about 0.2 pH units which gradually degradated; its removal initiated a fast decrease of pHi resulting in an acidosis, fron which the cells recovered.

Intracellular pH in quiescent and stimulated ventricular myocardium. Effect of extracellular chloride concentration.

In ventricular trabeculae from guinea pig and cat heart superfused with a modified Tyrode's solution (pHo = 7.4) containing either 137 mM or 103 mM Clo-, intracellular pH (pHi) was measured with H+-sensitive double-barreled microelectrodes. In quiescent preparations pHi was 7.

Intracellular pH measurement during cardiac arrest in ventricular myocardium by Bretschneider's cardioplegic solution HTK and St. Thomas Hospital solution with and without procaine.

Intracellular pH (pHi) has been measured in human or cat ventricular muscle during 60, 120 and 180 minutes of cardiac arrest by Bretschneider's cardioplegic solution HTK or St. Thomas solution with and without procaine. In 319 control measurements in modified Tyrode's solution pHi (mean, S.