The effects of previous detoxifications on intelligence, speed, attention, and executive functioning in patients with moderate to severe alcohol use disorder.

Introduction And Aims: Repeatedly undergoing supervised, medical, detoxification from chronic alcohol use may contribute to impairments in neurocognitive functioning of patients with an alcohol use disorder (AUD). Unsupervised, non-medical, detoxification, however, may also contribute to neurocognitive impairments, given the absence of first choice prescription medication to counteract severe withdrawal effects. So far, findings from previous studies are inconclusive and specifically effects of non-medical detoxifications are not investigated yet.

Short-term, manualized schema-focused group therapy for patients with CBT-resistant disorders within primary care: a pilot study with a naturalistic pre-treatment and post-treatment design.

The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of a short-term, manualized schema therapy group for 77 patients with CBT-resistant mood and/or anxiety and/or personality disorders (PDs) in primary care. The primary focus was on the effects of this treatment on Early Maladaptive Schemas (EMS), schema modes, and psychological well-being. These aspects were assessed pre-and post-treatment treatment using the Young Schema Questionnaire (YSQ), the Schema Mode Inventory version 1.

Neurocognitive Recovery in Abstinent Patients with Alcohol Use Disorder: A Scoping Review for Associated Factors.

Objective: Studies have reported inconsistent results regarding the extent to which neurocognitive recovery occurs in abstinent patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD). In addition to abstinence, other factors may have influenced this process and contributed to the inconsistencies. This review examines the factors investigated in this regard and describes the possible influence of each factor based on the evidence collected.

Towards adherence monitoring using breath or oral fluid as a matrix in a methadone maintenance treatment program for patients with a chronic heroin use disorder: Issues and interpretation of the results.

Urine has been the preferred matrix for monitoring heroin and methadone adherence due to its large detection window. Drawbacks such as privacy concerns and adulteration however require other matrices. The study aims to determine if oral fluid and exhaled breath are suitable alternatives for heroin and methadone monitoring and to assess the detection time in exhaled breath.

An ideographic study into physiology, alcohol craving and lapses during one hundred days of daily life monitoring.

Introduction: Alcohol craving is a highly challenging obstacle to achieve long-term abstinence. Making alcohol use disorder patients timely aware of high-risk craving situations may protect them against relapse by prompting them to mobilize their coping resources. Current advances in wearable and smart-phone technology provide novel opportunities for the development of detecting these situations of heightened risk of craving, by enabling continuous tracking of fluctuations in psychological and physiological parameters.

Therapeutic Alliance in Web-Based Treatment for Eating Disorders: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: In face-to-face therapy for eating disorders, therapeutic alliance (TA) is an important predictor of symptom reduction and treatment completion. To date, however, little is known about TA during web-based cognitive behavioral therapy (web-CBT) and its association with symptom reduction, treatment completion, and the perspectives of patients versus therapists.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate TA ratings measured at interim and after treatment, separately for patients and therapists; the degree of agreement between therapists and patients (treatment completers and noncompleters) for TA ratings; and associations between patient and therapist TA ratings and both eating disorder pathology and treatment completion.

The Compulsory Care Act: Early Observations and Expectations of In- or Outpatient Involuntary Treatment.

Background: On January 1, 2020, the Dutch Compulsory Care Act (WvGGZ) replaced the Special Admissions Act (BOPZ). While the old law only allowed compulsory treatment in hospitals, the new law allows it both inside and outside the hospital. Moreover, the new law prioritizes the patient's own opinion on coercive measures.

Barriers and Facilitators to Seek Help for Substance Use Disorder among Dutch Physicians: A Qualitative Study.

Introduction: Substance use disorders (SUDs) among physicians affect their health, quality of life, but potentially also their quality of care. Despite the availability of effective specific Physician Health Programs (PHPs), physicians with SUD often experience barriers when seeking professional help. Therefore, we studied barriers and facilitators when seeking help for SUD among physicians from a multiple perspective approach.

Success Rates of Monitoring for Healthcare Professionals with a Substance Use Disorder: A Meta-Analysis.

In the past decades, monitoring programs have been developed for healthcare professionals with substance use disorders. We aimed to explore estimates of abstinence and work retention rates after participation in such monitoring programs. A literature search was performed using PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, and CINAHL.

Post-traumatic stress disorder and substance use disorder in individuals with mild intellectual disability or borderline intellectual functioning: A review of treatment studies.

Individuals with mild intellectual disability or borderline intellectual functioning (MID-BIF; IQ 50-85) are at high risk for developing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance use disorders (SUD). In individuals without MID-BIF, Seeking Safety (SeSa) is found to be effective in treating PTSD and SUD simultaneously. However, little is known about integrated treatment of PTSD and SUD in individuals with MID-BIF.

Music Therapy to Regulate Arousal and Attention in Patients With Substance Use Disorder and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Feasibility Study.

Patients diagnosed with both substance use disorder (SUD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) often experience hypervigilance, increased fear, and difficulties regulating emotions. This dual diagnosis increases treatment complexity. Recently, a short-term music therapy intervention for arousal and attention regulation (the SMAART intervention) was designed based on neurobiological findings.

Long-term effectiveness of web-based cognitive behavioral therapy for patients with eating disorders.

Purpose: To evaluate the long-term effectiveness of a web-based therapist-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for patients with eating disorders (ED).

Methods: We used follow-up data from a randomized controlled trial that evaluated a web-based CBT on ED psychopathology and related health, compared to a waiting list control (WL) condition. As participants of the WL condition started the intervention after their waiting period, follow-up data included participants from both groups.

Physicians' norms and attitudes towards substance use in colleague physicians: A cross-sectional survey in the Netherlands.

Introduction: Substance use disorders (SUD) in physicians often remain concealed for a long time. Peer monitoring and open discussions with colleagues are essential for identifying SUD. However, physicians often feel uncomfortable discussing substance use with a colleague.

The prediction of alexithymia as a state or trait characteristic in patients with substance use disorders and PTSD.

Alexithymia is common in patients with a substance use disorder (SUD) and is possibly a negative prognostic factor in their treatment. The aim of this study was twofold. First, we explored whether SUD patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are more alexithymic than SUD patients without PTSD.

A standardized validity assessment protocol for physiological signals from wearable technology: Methodological underpinnings and an application to the E4 biosensor.

Wearable physiological measurement devices for ambulatory research with novel sensing technology are introduced with ever increasing frequency, requiring fast, standardized, and rigorous validation of the physiological signals measured by these devices and their derived parameters. At present, there is a lack of consensus on a standardized protocol or framework with which to test the validity of this new technology, leading to the use of various (often unfit) methods. This study introduces a comprehensive validity assessment protocol for physiological signals (electrodermal activity and cardiovascular activity) and investigates the validity of the E4 wearable (an example of such a new device) on the three levels proposed by the protocol: (1) the signal level, with a cross-correlation; (2) the parameter level, with Bland-Altman plots; and (3) the event level, with the detection of physiological changes due to external stressor levels via event difference plots.

Risk Assessment in Habitual Offenders With Substance Use Problems: A Quasi-Prospective Study of the Predictive Validity of the HKT-30.

The predictive validity of the Dutch risk assessment instrument HKT-30 was investigated with a quasi-prospective design in a sample of habitual offenders with a substance use disorder (SUD). The study is reported according to RAGEE guidelines. The HKT-30 is an extension of the HCR-20.

Treatment of substance use disorders: Effects on patients with higher or lower levels of PTSD symptoms.

While guidelines advise integrated treatment of patients with substance use disorder (SUD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), recent studies and reviews find no convincing evidence of different outcomes following treatment between non-trauma focused integrated programs and SUD treatment alone. In this study, we analyzed whether SUD patients with higher levels of PTSD symptoms receiving standard, non-integrated SUD treatment (N=145) differed in outcomes compared to patients with lower levels of PTSD symptoms (N=152). Patients with higher levels of PTSD symptoms showed no difference in days of substance use, but significantly more craving and psychiatric symptoms (depression, anxiety and stress) were measured at baseline.

Using the Pictorial Representation of Illness and Self Measure (PRISM) to Quantify and Compare Suffering From Trauma and Addiction.

Objective: In a sample of people with substance use disorder who had experienced psychological trauma, this study aimed to quantify differences in perceived suffering due to addiction-related problems and to trauma-related problems.

Methods: The sample comprised 146 inpatients with substance use disorder: 25% had posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), 21% had subthreshold PTSD; and the remainder constituted the trauma-only group. PTSD, substance use disorder, and suffering were assessed using validated instruments.

Detoxification with titration and tapering in gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) dependent patients: The Dutch GHB monitor project.

Background And Aims: Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) detoxification procedures have been insufficiently studied for effectiveness and safety. Based on case reports, benzodiazepines are generally regarded as first-choice agents in GHB detoxification. Detoxification by titration and tapering (DeTiTap) with pharmaceutical GHB in an open-label consecutive case series of 23 GHB-dependent patients showed to be feasible, effective and safe.

Treatment dropout in web-based cognitive behavioral therapy for patients with eating disorders.

Treatment dropout is an important concern in eating disorder treatments as it has negative implications for patients' outcome, clinicians' motivation, and research studies. Our main objective was to conduct an exploratory study on treatment dropout in a two-part web-based cognitive behavioral therapy with asynchronous therapeutic support. The analysis included 205 female patients with eating disorders.

How Do Females With PTSD and Substance Abuse View 12-Step Groups? An Empirical Study of Attitudes and Attendance Patterns.

Background: Self-help groups are beneficial for many people with addiction, predominantly through 12-step models. Yet obstacles to attendance also occur.

Objectives: We explored attendance patterns and attitudes toward self-help groups by 165 outpatient females with co-occurring posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance use disorder (SUD), the first study of its kind.

Web-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Female Patients With Eating Disorders: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Many patients with eating disorders do not receive help for their symptoms, even though these disorders have severe morbidity. The Internet may offer alternative low-threshold treatment interventions.

Objective: This study evaluated the effects of a Web-based cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) intervention using intensive asynchronous therapeutic support to improve eating disorder psychopathology, and to reduce body dissatisfaction and related health problems among patients with eating disorders.

A 9-month follow-up of a 3-month web-based alcohol treatment program using intensive asynchronous therapeutic support.

Background: Web-based alcohol interventions have demonstrated efficacy in randomized controlled trials. However, most studies have involved self-help interventions without therapeutic support.

Objectives: To examine the results of a 3-month web-based alcohol treatment program using intensive, asynchronous (non-simultaneous) therapeutic support ( www.

Assessing traumatic experiences in screening for PTSD in substance use disorder patients: what is the gain in addition to PTSD symptoms?

Traumatic experiences have been linked with substance use disorders (SUD) and may be an important factor in the perpetuation of SUD, even in the absence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. The purpose of the current study was to examine the relationship between childhood trauma and substance use severity in 192 SUD inpatients. Childhood trauma was assessed using the Traumatic Experiences Checklist (TEC).

Is the Eating Disorder Questionnaire-Online (EDQ-O) a valid diagnostic instrument for the DSM-IV-TR classification of eating disorders?

Background: The Eating Disorder Questionnaire-Online (EDQ-O) is an online self-report questionnaire, which was developed specifically to provide a DSM-IV-TR classification of anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), binge-eating disorder (BED), and eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS), without using a face-to-face clinical interview.

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to examine the psychometric quality of the EDQ-O.

Methods: The validity of the EDQ-O was determined by examining the agreement with the diagnoses obtained from the Longitudinal, Expert, and All DATA (LEAD) standard.