TIGIT-expression on natural killer cell subsets is an early indicator of alleviating liver inflammation following bulevirtide treatment in chronic hepatitis D.

Background Aims: Bulevirtide (BLV) is a novel and the only approved treatment option for patients with chronic hepatitis D (CHD). BLV alleviates liver inflammation already early during treatment when only minor HDV RNA changes are observed. We hypothesized that BLV-treatment may influence immune cells in CHD patients and performed a high-resolution analysis of natural killer (NK) cells before and during BLV-therapy.

A phosphate-binding pocket in cyclin B3 is essential for XErp1/Emi2 degradation in meiosis I.

To ensure the correct euploid state of embryos, it is essential that vertebrate oocytes await fertilization arrested at metaphase of meiosis II. This MII arrest is mediated by XErp1/Emi2, which inhibits the ubiquitin ligase APC/C (anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome). Cyclin B3 in complex with Cdk1 (cyclin-dependent kinase 1) is essential to prevent an untimely arrest of vertebrate oocytes in meiosis I by targeting XErp1/Emi2 for degradation.

Comparison of adipose derived stromal cells cultured on fibroin scaffolds fabricated by salt-leaching and by freeze-thawing.

Fibroin, the main structural protein of Bombyx mori silk, is known for its mechanical properties, its biocompatibility and degradation characteristics in vivo. Various studies investigate its uses as cell carrier and/or material for surgical implants. Multiple protocols have been established to isolate fibroin from silk fibers and to produce scaffolds and films from fibroin solution.

Inhibition of B cell receptor signaling induced by the human adenovirus species D E3/49K protein.

Introduction: The early transcription unit 3 (E3) of human adenoviruses (HAdVs) encodes several immunoevasins, including the E3/49K protein, which is unique for species D of HAdVs. It is expressed as surface transmembrane protein and shed. E3/49K of HAdV-D64 binds to the protein tyrosine phosphatase surface receptor CD45, thereby modulating activation of T and NK cells.

Open Resources for Biology Education (ORBE): a resource collection.

In undergraduate life sciences education, open educational resources (OERs) increase accessibility and retention for students, reduce costs, and save instructors time and effort. Despite increasing awareness and utilization of these resources, OERs are not centrally located, and many undergraduate instructors describe challenges in locating relevant materials for use in their classes. To address this challenge, we have designed a resource collection (referred to as Open Resources for Biology Education, ORBE) with 89 unique resources that are primarily relevant to undergraduate life sciences education.

Evaluation of an automated real-time transcription-mediated amplification (TMA) assay for detection and quantification of cytomegalovirus DNA in different clinical specimens.

Background: Reliable and fast detection and quantification of human cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA in various diagnostic specimens is essential for care of immunocompromised or congenitally infected individuals.

Objectives: To evaluate the analytical and clinical performance of the Panther Aptima® CMV (Hologic) quantitative real-time transcription mediated amplification (TMA) assay.

Study Design: Performance of the TMA assay run on the Hologic Panther Fusion was analysed for 32 proficiency testing samples and 21 quantitative reproducibility panel samples; additionally, we compared results of TMA assay and routine quantitative real-time PCR assays ("PCR-A"= Biomérieux CMV R-gene® or "PCR-B"= Laboratory-developed CMV-PCR) in 518 diagnostic specimens (254 plasma, 120 EDTA whole blood, 43 urine, 45 amniotic fluid and 56 breast milk) at two university hospital laboratories.

First-in-Human Dose-Escalation Study of the Novel Oral Depsipeptide Class I-Targeting HDAC Inhibitor Bocodepsin (OKI-179) in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors.

(1) Background: Histone deacetylases (HDACs) play a critical role in epigenetic signaling in cancer; however, available HDAC inhibitors have limited therapeutic windows and suboptimal pharmacokinetics (PK). This first-in-human phase I dose escalation study evaluated the safety, PK, pharmacodynamics (PDx), and efficacy of the oral Class I-targeting HDAC inhibitor bocodepsin (OKI-179). (2) Patients and Methods: Patients ( = 34) with advanced solid tumors were treated with OKI-179 orally once daily in three schedules: 4 days on 3 days off (4:3), 5 days on 2 days off (5:2), or continuous in 21-day cycles until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

Identification of 5-HT receptor signaling pathways associated with psychedelic potential.

Serotonergic psychedelics possess considerable therapeutic potential. Although 5-HT receptor activation mediates psychedelic effects, prototypical psychedelics activate both 5-HT-Gq/11 and β-arrestin2 transducers, making their respective roles unclear. To elucidate this, we develop a series of 5-HT-selective ligands with varying Gq efficacies, including β-arrestin-biased ligands.

Genomic insights into isolates from marine bivalves highlight One Health concerns and healthcare linkages.

Enterococci, especially , are one of today's leading causes of multidrug-resistant infections in hospital settings. The marine environment may harbour enterococci, but its role as an evolutionary niche and as a vector for the spread of enterococci is sparsely investigated. Hence, by applying enterococci in bivalves as a sentinel tool, this study aimed to describe the prevalence of enterocooci along the Norwegian coast and in addition the phylogeny of in particular.

A model for managing quality control for a network of clinical chemistry instruments measuring the same analyte.

Objectives: Monitoring quality control for a laboratory or network with multiple instruments measuring the same analyte is challenging. We present a retrospective assessment of a method to detect medically significant out-of-control error conditions across a group of instruments measuring the same analyte. The purpose of the model was to ensure that results from any of several instruments measuring the same analytes in a laboratory or a network of laboratories provide comparable results and reduce patient risk.

Identification of 5-HT Receptor Signaling Pathways Responsible for Psychedelic Potential.

Serotonergic psychedelics possess considerable therapeutic potential. Although 5-HT receptor activation mediates psychedelic effects, prototypical psychedelics activate both 5-HT-Gq/11 and β-arrestin2 signaling, making their respective roles unclear. To elucidate this, we developed a series of 5-HT-selective ligands with varying Gq efficacies, including β-arrestin-biased ligands.

Comparing study features is easy but identifying next steps is hard: Evaluating critical thinking through the Biology Lab Inventory of Critical Thinking in Ecology.

Critical thinking, which can be defined as the evidence-based ways in which people decide what to trust and what to do, is an important competency included in many undergraduate science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) courses. To help instructors effectively measure critical thinking, we developed the Biology Lab Inventory of Critical Thinking in Ecology (Eco-BLIC), a freely available, closed-response assessment of undergraduate students' critical thinking in ecology. The Eco-BLIC includes ecology-based experimental scenarios followed by questions that measure how students decide on what to trust and what to do next.

Adenoviral Penton and Hexon Proteins Are Equivalent Immunogenic Targets of Virus-Specific T Cells after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Children.

Human adenovirus (HAdV) infection is a serious complication that can lead to significant morbidity and mortality, especially in immunocompromised pediatric patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Control and elimination of HAdV requires the presence of the respective antiviral T cells, and adoptive transfer of virus-specific T cells has become an important new treatment option for patients refractory to antiviral treatment. Although the adenoviral capsid protein hexon is known to be a major immunodominant T cell target across HAdV species, up to 30% of HAdV-seropositive donors show no T cell responses to the overlapping peptide pool spanning the entire protein.

[Reducing the risk of radiation-induced cardiotoxicity in patients with left breast tumor].

Introduction: Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies affecting women. Treatment with drugs and radiotherapy increases the incidence of late cardiovascular disease. It is therefore particularly important to protect the heart from radiation exposure.

Phase 2 trial in acetylcholine receptor antibody-positive myasthenia gravis of transition from intravenous to subcutaneous immunoglobulin: The MGSCIg study.

Background And Purpose: Data on maintenance therapy with subcutaneous immunoglobulin (SCIg) in myasthenia gravis (MG) are limited. We report on transitioning acetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibody-positive (Ab+) MG patients on stable intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) regimens as part of routine clinical care to SCIg 1:1.2.

High genetic stability of co-circulating human adenovirus type 31 lineages over 59 years.

Type 31 of human adenovirus species A (HAdV-A31) is a significant pathogen primarily associated with diarrhoea in children but also with life-threatening disseminated disease in allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients. Nosocomial outbreaks of HAdV-A31 have been frequently described. However, the evolution of HAdV-A31 has not been studied in detail.

COVID-19 in pediatric lung transplant recipients: Clinical course and outcome.

Background: COVID-19 causes high morbidity and mortality in adult lung transplant (LTX) recipients. Data on COVID-19 in children after LTX is limited. We report the clinical presentation and outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection in 19 pediatric LTX recipients.

Molecular phylogeny of human adenovirus type 41 lineages.

Type 41 of human adenovirus species F (HAdV-F41) is a frequent aetiology of gastroenteritis in children, and nosocomial as well as kindergarten outbreaks have been frequently described. In contrast to other HAdV types, HAdV-F41 was not associated with a life-threatening disseminated disease in allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients or any severe organ infections so far. Due to the limited clinical significance, the evolution of HAdV-F41 has not been studied in detail.