Enrichment and Schwann Cell Differentiation of Neural Crest-derived Dental Pulp Stem Cells.

Background/aim: As already described in previous studies, neural crest stem cells (NCSCs) can be found in adult human dental pulp. The present study investigated the methodology for enrichment and differentiation-induction of the above mentioned cells.

Materials And Methods: Dental pulp was extracted from human wisdom teeth of four patients and subsequently cultured as explants on fibronectin-coated plates in neurobasal medium supplemented with B27, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), insulin, l-glutamine and neuregulin-β1.

Linear accuracy and reliability of volume data sets acquired by two CBCT-devices and an MSCT using virtual models: a comparative in-vitro study.

Objective: To discriminate clinically relevant aberrance, the accuracy of linear measurements in three-dimensional (3D) reconstructed datasets was investigated.

Materials And Methods: Three partly edentulous human skulls were examined. Landmarks were defined prior to acquisition.

Current concepts in pathogenesis of acute and chronic osteomyelitis.

Purpose Of Review: The term osteomyelitis covers a wide range of inflammatory bone disorders caused by microbial invasion or due to autoinflammatory processes, but furthermore osteomyelitis also occurs at different ages and at preferred localizations in the human skeleton. This article aims to give an overview of the current literature focussing on pathognomonic aspects of osteomyelitis because of microbial invasion.

Recent Findings: Outlining the chronological sequence of osteomyelitis originating from the invasion of microbes finally leading to destruction of bone tissue, the formation and proliferation of biofilm structures play a key role in the development of inflammatory bone disorders.

Multicenter study on the use of patient-specific CAD/CAM reconstruction plates for mandibular reconstruction.

Purpose: For the new generation of mandibular reconstruction, patient-specific mandible reconstruction plates (PSMPs) have been developed which are milled from titanium after preoperative computer planning using CAD/CAM procedures. Resection margins and plate position are determined by surgical guides. In addition, length and shape of the plate and the number and angulation of the screw holes can be planned.

Local full-thickness skin graft of the donor arm--a novel technique for the reduction of donor site morbidity in radial forearm free flap.

A novel technique to reduce donor site morbidity after radial forearm free flap (RFFF) harvest, using a local full-thickness skin graft (FTSG), is described. Thirty consecutive patients undergoing RFFF for head and neck reconstruction were enrolled in a prospective study. Donor site defect closure was performed with spindle-shaped FTSGs excised from the wavelike skin incision made for the vascular pedicle.

Nasal speech associated with hyperaeration of the sphenoid sinus.

The sinus sphenoidalis is the paranasal sinus most centrally located in the skull base and known to vary extremely in dimensions. A very large volume of the sinus visible on skull radiographs is called sinus 'hyperaeration'. This finding has been described many times in the literature, but is generally rare.

Purmorphamine and oxysterols accelerate and promote osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in vitro.

Aim: The purpose of the present study was to find inexpensive and non-toxic additives enhancing and accelerating the osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells in vitro, which can be used for tissue engineering of bone material.

Materials And Methods: Osteogenic differentiation of rat mesenchymal stem cells was carried-out using classic differentiation medium containing or lacking purmorphamine, statins or oxysterols, respectively. Cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity, calcium sedimentation and expression of bone matrix protein genes were measured to monitor differentiation.

Resilience in adults with cancer: development of a conceptual model.

Objective: Resilience is a construct addressed in the psycho-oncology literature and is especially relevant to cancer survivorship. The purpose of this paper is to propose a model for resilience that is specific to adults diagnosed with cancer.

Methods: To establish the proposed model, a brief review of the various definitions of resilience and of the resilience literature in oncology is provided.

Is immediate bony microsurgical reconstruction after head and neck tumor ablation associated with a higher rate of local recurrence?

The purpose of this retrospective study was to examine the possible effect of immediate bony microvascular free flap reconstruction of mandibular defects after radical tumor resection of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) on the rate of local relapse. Our own data regarding recurrence rates for 1-step immediate reconstruction were compared to the published recurrence rates of 2-step reconstructions. A total of 21 patients (aged 45-77 years) with OSCC who underwent a primary surgical therapy with subsequent immediate bony microvascular free flap reconstruction of mandibular defects were followed up for 18-38 months.

Value of intra- and post-operative cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) for positioning control of a sphenopalatine ganglion neurostimulator in patients with chronic cluster headache.

Introduction: The objective of this study was to determine whether postoperative control of the neurostimulator placement within the pterygopalatine fossa (PPF) by means of 3-dimensional (3D) cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) was of therapeutic relevance compared to intraoperative CBCT imaging alone.

Material And Methods: Immediately after implantation of the sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG) neurostimulator, intraoperative CBCT datasets were generated in order to visualize the position of the probe within the PPF. Postoperatively, all patients received a CBCT for comparison with intraoperatively acquired radiographs.

Postoperative bleeding risk for oral surgery under continued clopidogrel antiplatelet therapy.

Object: To determine the incidence of postoperative bleeding for oral osteotomy carried out under continued monoantiplatelet therapy with clopidogrel and dual therapy with clopidogrel/aspirin. Design. Retrospective single center observatory study of two study groups and a control group.

Lack of evidence for increased postoperative bleeding risk for dental osteotomy with continued aspirin therapy.

Objective: Dental osteotomy, the removal of an impacted, ankylosed, or severely destroyed tooth requiring an osteotomy, is more invasive than other minor dental procedures and therefore also has a higher bleeding risk. A considerable number of patients under antiplatelet therapy interrupt their therapy perioperatively, which, however, increases the risk of thromboembolism.

Study Design: This retrospective study assessed postoperative bleeding incidence for a total of 297 dental osteotomies with continued aspirin therapy, compared with that of 179 similar procedures on patients who were not on any anticoagulation or anti-platelet therapy.

Prevalence of Stafne's bone cavity--retrospective analysis of 14,005 panoramic views.

Aim: Stafne's bone cavity (SBC) is a very rare defect, affecting only selected parts of the mandibular bone. Its etiology is unknown. On two-dimensional images, it appears as a narrowed cavity and might be interpreted as a space-occupying process inside the bone.

Imaging of the midfacial and orbital trauma.

The severity of midfacial and orbital injuries depends on the one hand on cause, force vector, load point, or area and on the other hand on the bony and soft tissue resistance as well as individual anatomy. These variables result in a variety of possible injuries of the midfacial and orbital complex. The time critical choice of an adequate imaging modality of these injuries is influenced by the possible severity of concomitant injuries.

Practitioner experience with sonic osteotomy compared to bur and ultrasonic saw: a pilot in vitro study.

The aim of the present study was to compare subjective experiences using bur, ultrasonic, and sonic osteotomy systems. Ten novice (N) and 10 expert (E) practitioners performed osteotomies on bovine ribs with each system. They scored ease of handling and sense of accuracy on visual analogue scales.

Bone substitutes enhance osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in three-dimensional scaffolds.

Aim: The present study aimed to find bone substitutes to enhance osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in three-dimensional scaffolds in the absence of dexamethasone.

Materials And Methods: Seven commercial bone substitutes were added to a three-dimensional fibrin-matrix containing rat mesenchymal stem cells in a biocompatible poly-L-lactic-acid mesh. Cell viability, cytotoxicity and alkaline phosphatase activity were followed for three weeks.

Definition, etiology, prevention and treatment of peri-implantitis--a review.

Peri-implant inflammations represent serious diseases after dental implant treatment, which affect both the surrounding hard and soft tissue. Due to prevalence rates up to 56%, peri-implantitis can lead to the loss of the implant without multilateral prevention and therapy concepts. Specific continuous check-ups with evaluation and elimination of risk factors (e.

Virtual planning of complex head and neck reconstruction results in satisfactory match between real outcomes and virtual models.

Objectives: The reconstruction of large facial bony defects using microvascular transplants requires extensive surgery to achieve full rehabilitation of form and function. The purpose of this study is to measure the agreement between virtual plans and the actual results of maxillofacial reconstruction.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 30 subjects receiving maxillofacial reconstruction with a preoperative virtual planning.

Impact of malpositioning on panoramic radiography in implant dentistry.

Objectives: The widely used panoramic radiography as a special kind of tomography underlies intrinsic procedural restrictions such as poor definition, inconsistent magnification, geometric distortion and spatial depositioning of objects situated outside the focal trough. This results in a non-anatomic display of the radiographed anatomic structures. Individual mandibular angle and width of the jaws, adjustment of the focal trough, jaw incongruence as well as patient positioning increase the inconsistency in display of the radiographed objects.

Timing of Palliative Care Consultations and Recommendations: Understanding the Variability.

Palliative care consultation teams (PCCTs) provide care that enhances quality of life. The effectiveness of PCCTs depends, however, on their timely utilization by other providers. The goal of this study was to examine the timing of palliative care consultation requests and responses at a single Veteran Affairs Medical Center.

Face transplantation: on the verge of becoming clinical routine?

Unlabelled: INTRODUCTION; Face transplantation (FT) is an innovative achievement of modern reconstructive surgery and is on the verge of becoming a common surgical opportunity. This review article was compiled to provide an update on this surgical field, especially regarding clinical outcomes, benefits, and complications implied.

Methods: We performed an extensive research on all English-language Medline articles, case reports, and reviews published online until September 15, 2013.

Osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in fibrin-hydroxyapatite matrix in a 3-dimensional mesh scaffold.

Aim: To explore the feasibility of culturing mesenchymal stem cells in an hydroxyapatite-fibrin matrix held by a mesh scaffold and inducing osteogenic differentiation of these cells. The aim was to obtain bone-material in vitro in a desired form.

Materials And Methods: Rat mesenchymal stem cells were mixed with fibrin and nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite in tubular scaffolds constructed from a poly(L-lactic acid) mesh, and cultured under standard and osteogenic differentiating conditions.

The anion-binding polyanion: a molecular cobalt vanadium oxide with anion-sensitive visual response.

An anionic molecular cobalt vanadium oxide cluster, (n-Bu4N)3[Co(AcO)V4O12] and its use as anion binding site is reported. Cluster formation is controlled by an anion-dependent dynamic solution equilibrium. Reversible anion binding in solution leads to significant spectral changes, allowing the ratiometric optical detection of the anion concentration in situ, even under harsh thermal conditions (T = 90 °C).

Evaluation of four different optimized magnetic-resonance-imaging sequences for visualization of dental and maxillo-mandibular structures at 3 T.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate four in-house optimized, non-contrast enhanced sequences for MRI-investigation of maxillo-mandibular and dental structures by use of 3 T.

Methods: 12 volunteers with different dental status were examined by using a 3 T MRI with a 20-channel standard head-and-neck coil. All images performed were evaluated by using 3D-techniques, with different slice-thicknesses, in 3D T1- and T2-weighted sequences, as well as by using new techniques of image depictions.

68Ga DOTA-TATE PET/CT allows tumor localization in patients with tumor-induced osteomalacia but negative 111In-octreotide SPECT/CT.

Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a paraneoplastic syndrome characterized by renal phosphate wasting, hypophosphatemia and low calcitriol levels as well as clinical symptoms like diffuse bone and muscle pain, fatigue fractures or increased fracture risk. Conventional imaging methods, however, often fail to detect the small tumors. Lately, tumor localization clearly improved by somatostatin-receptor (SSTR) imaging, such as octreotide scintigraphy or octreotide SPECT/CT.