Association of childhood socioeconomic status with adulthood maximal exercise blood pressure: the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study.

Purpose: Socioeconomic status has been related to resting blood pressure (BP) levels at different stages of life. However, the association of childhood socioeconomic status (SES) and adulthood exercise BP is largely unknown. Therefore, we studied the association of childhood SES with adulthood maximal exercise BP.

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Incidence and Remission and Their Predictors During 7 Years of Follow-up Among Finns.

Context: The incidence and remission of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are sparsely studied outside Asia.

Objective: This prospective study aimed to investigate NAFLD incidence and remission, and their predictors among a general Finnish population.

Methods: The applied cohort included 1260 repeatedly studied middle-aged participants with data on liver ultrasound and no excessive alcohol intake.

Influence of early life risk factors and lifestyle on systemic vascular resistance in later adulthood: the cardiovascular risk in young Finns study.

Purpose: There are limited data available concerning the effects of lifetime risk factors and lifestyle on systemic hemodynamics, especially on systemic vascular resistance. The purpose of the study was to evaluate how lifetime cardiovascular risk factors (body mass index (BMI), high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, systolic blood pressure, blood glucose) and lifestyle factors (vegetable consumption, fruit consumption, smoking and physical activity) predict systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI) and cardiac index (CI) assessed in adulthood.

Materials And Methods: Our study cohort comprised 1635 subjects of the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study followed up for 27 years since baseline (1980; aged 3-18 years, females 54.

Association of lifetime blood pressure with adulthood exercise blood pressure response: the cardiovascular risk in young Finns study.

Purpose: Elevated blood pressure (BP) in childhood has been associated with increased adulthood BP. However, BP and its change from childhood to adulthood and the risk of exaggerated adulthood exercise BP response are largely unknown. Therefore, we studied the association of childhood and adulthood BP with adulthood exercise BP response.

Systemic vascular resistance predicts the development of hypertension: the cardiovascular risk in young Finns study.

Purpose: To study whether systemic hemodynamics, especially systemic vascular resistance, predicts the development of hypertension and improves the risk prediction of incident hypertension beyond common risk factors in the risk models in young adults.

Materials And Methods: Typical risk factors for hypertension in the risk prediction models (systolic and diastolic blood pressure, parental history of hypertension, age, sex, body-mass index, smoking), laboratory values (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, insulin, C-reactive protein), heart rate (HR), stroke index (SI), and systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI) calculated by whole-body impedance cardiography were evaluated in 2007 and blood pressure in 2011 in 1293 Finnish adults (aged 30-45 years; females 56%;  = 1058 normotensive in 2007).

Results: Of hemodynamic variables, SVRI and HR evaluated in 2007 were independently associated with systolic blood pressure ( < 0.

Pulse wave velocity is related to exercise blood pressure response in young adults. The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study.

High pulse wave velocity (PWV), a marker of increased arterial stiffness, and an exaggerated exercise blood pressure (EEBP) response during an exercise test have both been related to an increased risk of hypertension and cardiovascular events. Contradictory results have been published about the association between these two parameters, and their relation in healthy young adults is unknown. This study consisted of 209 young adults (mean age 38 years) who participated in the ongoing Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study between 2007 and 2009.

Pulse Wave Velocity Predicts the Progression of Blood Pressure and Development of Hypertension in Young Adults.

The aim of the present study was to examine whether pulse wave velocity (PWV) predicts the progression of blood pressure and the development of hypertension in young adults. In addition, we studied whether PWV improves the risk prediction of incident hypertension beyond traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were measured in 2007 and 2011 for 1449 Finnish adults (aged 30-45 years).

Influence of Child and Adult Elevated Blood Pressure on Adult Arterial Stiffness: The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study.

Elevated blood pressure (BP) in childhood has been associated with increased adult arterial stiffness, the independent predictor of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. The favorable BP change from childhood to adulthood and the risk of high adult arterial stiffness has not been reported. We examined the effect of child and adult BP on pulse wave velocity (PWV) assessed in adulthood among 1540 white adults followed-up for 27 years since baseline (1980, aged 6-18 years).

Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Risk of Fatty Liver: The Young Finns Study.

Purpose: Fatty liver is an expanding health concern associated with metabolic disturbances and increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Experimental studies in animals have shown associations between fatty liver and cardiorespiratory fitness but limited data exist in humans. The aim of this study was to analyze the links between cardiorespiratory fitness and fatty liver in a population-based sample of adults.

Association of thyrotropin with arterial pulse wave velocity in young adults: the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study.

Objective: Limited data are available regarding the relationship of thyrotropin (TSH) and arterial pulse wave velocity (PWV) at population level. Therefore, we conducted the present study to determine whether TSH is related to PWV assessed in young adulthood.

Methods: The study population consisted of 1598 Finnish white young adults (aged 30-45 years, 47.

Determinants of exercise peak arterial blood pressure, circulatory power, and exercise cardiac power in a population based sample of Finnish male and female aged 30 to 47 years: the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study.

Background: Novel parameters derived from peak maximal oxygen uptake (VO2) and exercise arterial blood pressure, such as peak circulatory power (CP) and exercise cardiac power (ECP), can be used in the risk assessment of cardiovascular disease and stroke. However, the determinants of these factors are poorly characterized in the general population.

Methods: We assessed peak arterial blood pressure, CP and ECP with standardized cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) on 281 female and 257 male participants of the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study.

Prospective relationship of change in ideal cardiovascular health status and arterial stiffness: the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study.

Background: In 2010, the American Heart Association defined ideal cardiovascular health as the simultaneous presence of 4 favorable health behaviors (nonsmoking, ideal body mass index, physical activity at goal, and dietary pattern that promotes cardiovascular health) and 3 favorable health factors (ideal levels of total cholesterol, blood pressure, and fasting glucose). The association between a change in ideal cardiovascular health status and pulse wave velocity, a surrogate marker of cardiovascular disease, has not been reported.

Methods And Results: The study cohort consisted of 1143 white adults from the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study who were followed for 21 years since baseline (1986).

Simplified definitions of elevated pediatric blood pressure and high adult arterial stiffness.

Objective: The ability of childhood elevated blood pressure (BP) to predict high pulse wave velocity (PWV), a surrogate marker for cardiovascular disease, in adulthood has not been reported. We studied whether elevated pediatric BP could predict high PWV in adulthood and if there is a difference in the predictive ability between the standard BP definition endorsed by the National High Blood Pressure Education Program and the recently proposed 2 simplified definitions.

Methods: The sample comprised 1241 subjects from the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study followed-up 27 years since baseline (1980, aged 6-15 years).

Arterial pulse wave velocity in relation to carotid intima-media thickness, brachial flow-mediated dilation and carotid artery distensibility: the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study and the Health 2000 Survey.

Objective: Increased arterial pulse wave velocity (PWV) is a strong predictor of cardiovascular events and mortality. The data regarding the relationships between PWV and other indices of vascular damage is limited and partly controversial. We conducted the present study to examine PWV in relation to non-invasive measures of early atherosclerosis (brachial flow-mediated dilation [FMD], carotid intima-media thickness [IMT]) and local arterial stiffness (carotid artery distensibility [Cdist]).

Metabolic syndrome in childhood and increased arterial stiffness in adulthood: the Cardiovascular Risk In Young Finns Study.

OBJECTIVE. We conducted the present study to examine the associations of two different paediatric metabolic syndrome (MetS) definitions and recovery from childhood MetS with arterial pulse wave velocity (PWV), an index of arterial stiffness, measured in adulthood. METHODS.

Lifetime fruit and vegetable consumption and arterial pulse wave velocity in adulthood: the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study.

Background: The relationships between childhood lifestyle risk factors and adulthood pulse wave velocity (PWV) have not been reported. We studied whether childhood and adulthood lifestyle risk factors are associated with PWV assessed in adulthood.

Methods And Results: The study cohort comprised 1622 subjects of the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study followed up for 27 years since baseline (1980; aged 3 to 18 years) with lifestyle risk factor data available since childhood.

Apolipoprotein B is related to arterial pulse wave velocity in young adults: the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study.

Objective: Limited data are available regarding the relationship of apolipoproteins B (ApoB) and A-1 (ApoA-1) with arterial stiffness. We conducted the present study to determine whether adulthood ApoB and ApoA-1 are related to arterial pulse wave velocity (PWV). Moreover, we examined whether ApoB and ApoA-1 measured in young adulthood are predictive of PWV assessed 6 years later.

Systemic hemodynamics in young adults with the metabolic syndrome: the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study.

Objective: We conducted the present study to examine associations of three different metabolic syndrome (MetS) definitions and their components to arterial stiffness, systemic vascular resistance, and left ventricular function at population level. In addition, the objective of the study was to examine associations of spontaneous recovery from MetS over 6 years' follow-up to systemic hemodynamics.

Methods: The study population consisted of 1,741 Finnish young adults (aged 30-45 years) who had complete MetS risk factor and hemodynamic data available at 2007.

Systemic hemodynamics in relation to glucose tolerance: the Health 2000 Survey.

The influence of impaired glucose metabolism--that is, impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and type 2 diabetes mellitus diabetes (DM2)--on systemic hemodynamics is largely unknown. Therefore, we investigated the associations of glucose metabolism disturbances with stroke index (SI), cardiac index, systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI), arterial pulse wave velocity (PWV), and heart rate among Finnish adults (N = 389; mean age, 58.3 ± 7.

Lifetime risk factors and arterial pulse wave velocity in adulthood: the cardiovascular risk in young Finns study.

Limited and partly controversial data are available regarding the relationship of arterial pulse wave velocity and childhood cardiovascular risk factors. We studied how risk factors identified in childhood and adulthood predict pulse wave velocity assessed in adulthood. The study cohort consisted of 1691 white adults aged 30 to 45 years who had risk factor data available since childhood.