Desaturase Activity Is Associated With Weight Status and Metabolic Risk Markers in Young Children.

Context: Activity of delta-9, delta-6, and delta-5 desaturases (D9D, D6D, D5D) are associated with obesity, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia.

Objective: To investigate the association of estimated desaturase activities with weight status, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia in children, cross-sectionally and longitudinally.

Design: The IDEFICS (Identification and Prevention of Dietary- and Lifestyle-Induced Health Effects in Children and Infants) cohort study was used, with examinations at baseline (T0) and after 2 years (T1).

Alveolar epithelial type II cells and their microenvironment in the caveolin-1-deficient mouse.

Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) is highly expressed in alveolar epithelial type I (AE1) and endothelial cells of the alveolar region of the lung. Interestingly, alveolar epithelial type II (AE2) cells that are progenitors of the AE1 cells do not express Cav-1. We investigated whether genetic Cav-1 deficiency alters the phenotype of AE2 cells and their microenvironment using stereology.

Muscarinic receptor-mediated bronchoconstriction is coupled to caveolae in murine airways.

Cholinergic bronchoconstriction is mediated by M(2) and M(3) muscarinic receptors (MR). In heart and urinary bladder, MR are linked to caveolin-1 or -3, the structural proteins of caveolae. Caveolae are cholesterol-rich, omega-shaped invaginations of the plasma membrane.